Perched lobe formation in the Gulf of Cadiz: Interactions between gravity processes and contour currents (Algarve Margin, Southern Portugal)

The Gulf of Cadiz is swept by the strong saline Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). On the Algarve Margin (South Portugal), this current has constructed fine-grained contourite drifts. This margin is dissected by the Portimao Canyon and three short channels that only incise the upper slope, and are absent on a terrace located at mid-slope depths along the Algarve Margin. High-resolution seismic profiles and sediment cores highlight the original architecture of the sedimentary deposits on this terrace. Coarse-grained lenticular chaotic bodies formed during major relative sea-level lowstands are intercalated within the drift. The lobate shape and sandy nature of the lenticular chaotic bodies and their location at the mouths of the three short channels suggest they are gravity-generated deposits that are perched on the middle continental slope.In the Gulf of Cadiz, the interaction between contour current and gravity processes is strongly controlled by climatic variations and relative sea-level changes during the late Quaternary. During cold periods when sea-level was low, erosion intensified on the continental shelf and the deepest part of MOW was active. Sediment was transported downslope through the channels and deposited on sedimentary lobes perched on the mid-slope terrace. During warm periods when relative sea-level was high, the supply of sediment from the shelf was shut off and the shallowest part of MOW was more active. Contourite drifts fill the channels and bury the sandy lobes.     

Anomalous Signals Prior to Wenchuan Earthquake Detected by Superconducting Gravimeter and Broadband Seismometers Records

Using 1 Hz sampling records at one superconducting gravimeter(SG) station and 11 broadband seismometer stations,we found anomalous signals prior to the 2008 Wenchuan(汶川) earthquake event.The tides are removed from the original SG records to obtain the gravity residuals.Applying the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) and the wavelet analysis to the SG gravity residuals leads to time-frequency spectra,which suggests that there is an anomalous signal series around 39 h prior to the event.The period and the magnitude...     

福建岭头坪铅锌金银多金属矿地质特征及远景分析

岭头坪铅锌金银多金属矿产于南园组第二、三段中酸-酸性火山碎屑岩的夹层中,矿体呈似层状,受断裂构造及层间破碎带控制.成矿与中生代火山活动紧密相关,可能为中低温火山热液矿床.从成矿地质条件和金土壤异常分析,岭头坪矿区的周围及南、东侧以及石笋歧一带有很好的找矿前景.     

致密砂岩孔隙度计算方法

鄂尔多斯盆地北部下二叠系下石盒子组为纵横向变化大,岩性、孔隙结构等复杂的河流相地层,很难用统一的计算公式来完成对孔隙度的计算。采用多元统计分析、散点图和孔隙度对比图来确定其孔隙度。运用上述方法,比较精确地确定鄂尔多斯盆地北部下二叠系下石盒子组的孔隙度,对鄂尔多斯盆地油气储量的估计,提供一个很好的基础资料。     

基于WiMAX的地质灾害应急无线通信系统探索

基于OFDM核心技术的WiMAX(全球微波接入互操作性)具有4G技术的特点。与3G和WiFi无线通讯技术相比具有明显的高速率、大容量数据传输优势。本文就基于WiMAX的地质灾害应急通讯系统的几种技术方案加以详细论述,说明WiMAX在地质灾害应急指挥中具有广阔前景。     

Identification of geological characteristics from construction parameters during shield tunnelling

Acta Geotechnica - This paper proposes a framework to identify geological characteristics (GC) based on borehole data and operational data during shield tunnelling using a fuzzy C-means...     

Unravelling the magmatic system beneath a monogenetic volcanic complex (Jagged Rocks Complex,Hopi Buttes,AZ, USA)

The Jagged Rocks complex is the eroded remnant of the plumbing systems of closely spaced monogenetic alkaline volcanic centres in the southern Hopi Buttes Volcanic Field (AZ, USA). It contains different clinopyroxene populations with distinctive textures and geochemical patterns. In the Northwestern part of the complex, which exposes the best developed system of conduits, most of the clinopyroxenes consist of large- to medium-sized resorbed cores overgrown by euhedral rims (type 1), small moderately resorbed greenish cores with the same overgrown rims (type 2), and phlogopite as an accessory phase. By contrast, in the Southern part of the complex the majority of clinopyroxenes are euhedral with oscillatory zonation (type 3) and are accompanied by minor euhedral olivine. The differences between these mineral assemblages indicate a composite history of crystallization and magmatic evolution for the two parts of the complex, governed by different mechanisms and ascent patterns from a single source at ~ 50 km depth (16 kbar). The Northwest system preserves a high-pressure assemblage that cooled rapidly from near-liquidus conditions, suggesting direct ascent from the source to the surface at high-to-moderate transport rates (average ~ 1.25 m/s). By contrast, the Southern system represents magma that advanced upward at much lower overall ascent rates, stalling at times to form small-volume mid-crustal storage zones (e.g., sills or a network of sheeted intrusions); this allowed the re-equilibration of the magma at lower pressure (~ 30 km; 8 kbar), and led to nucleation and growth of euhedral clinopyroxene and olivine phenocrysts.     

Layer parallel shortening in salt-detached folds: constraint on cross-section restoration

Cleavage-fissility perpendicular to bedding is a common feature in the external part of fold-and-thrust belts. Three techniques were used to determine the internal distortion in the frontal Southern Pyrenees: the analysis of strain markers such as burrows and rain drops, the measurement of fissility, and the measurement of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS). The comparison of the three techniques showed a good fit although they differ in sensitivity to penetrative strain variations in the range of deformation values explored in the study case. On the regional scale, the values of layer parallel shortening (LPS) derived from the markers analysis are very constant and account for 16–23% of shortening. These values are two to three times larger than the shortening values calculated from the restoration of the macroscopic scale structures and indicate a good decoupling above the Cardona salt Formation. This study permitted an accurate restoration of the low-amplitude el Guix detached anticline.     

Finite volume approximation for an immiscible two-phase flow in porous media with discontinuous capillary pressure

We consider an immiscible incompressible two-phase flow in a porous medium composed of two different rocks so that the capillary pressure field is discontinuous at the interface between the rocks. This leads us to apply a concept of multivalued phase pressures and a notion of weak solution for the flow which have been introduced in Cancès and Pierre (SIAM J Math Anal 44(2):966–992, 2012). We discretize the problem by means of a numerical algorithm which reduces to a standard finite volume scheme in each rock and prove the convergence of the approximate solution to a weak solution of the two-phase flow problem. The numerical experiments show in particular that this scheme permits to reproduce the oil-trapping phenomenon.