基于虚幻引擎的智能矿山数字孪生系统云渲染技术

HTML5、WebGL、云渲染等技术为浏览器、移动端、XR等多种终端的可视化渲染提供了重要技术支撑。本文分析比较了其优缺点,并采用虚幻引擎4的云渲染技术,采用某煤矿的倾斜摄影、BIM、巷道、设备、三维地质模型开展了系统设计与测试,分析了云渲染的效率和效果,实现了数字孪生云渲染技术在智能矿山的应用。     

冲绳海槽北部基底构造特征

利用最新的重磁数据对冲绳海槽北部的基底构造进行了推断解释.研究表明,在海槽内部主要发育两条火山带,一条为著名的吐噶喇火山链,由一系列活动的或休眠的串珠状展布的活火山岛构成;另一条沿海槽中央张裂轴分布,主要由孤立的海底火山构成.冲绳海槽的基底具有沿东西向凹－凸－凹相间的构造格局,深度在1 km~8 km之间变化,受吐葛喇断裂带的北部断裂F1的作用,第三系基底构造发生了显著变化,说明吐葛喇断裂带的北部断裂F1是一条构造转换带.莫霍面为一北北东向的向东倾伏的幔坡,地壳厚度由21 km减至18 km.     

Bridging arsenate surface complexes on the hematite (0 1 2) surface

The fate of the oxoanion arsenate in diverse systems is strongly affected by its adsorption on the surfaces of iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals. Predicting this behavior in the environment requires an understanding of the mechanisms of arsenate adsorption. In this study, the binding site and adsorption geometry of arsenate on the hematite (0 1 2) surface is investigated. The structure and termination of the hematite (0 1 2)-water interface were determined by high resolution X-ray reflectivity, revealing that two distinct terminations exist in a roughly 3:1 proportion. The occurrence of multiple terminations appears to be a result of sample preparation, and is not intrinsic to the hematite (0 1 2) surface. X-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements were used to determine the registry of adsorbed arsenate to the hematite structure, and thus the binding site and geometry of the resulting surface complex. Arsenate forms a bridging bidentate complex on two adjacent singly coordinated oxygen groups on each of the two distinct terminations present at the hematite surface. Although this geometry is consistent with that seen in past studies, the derived As-Fe distances are longer, the result of the topology of the FeO₆ octahedra on the (0 1 2) surface. As EXAFS-derived As-Fe distances are often used to determine the adsorption mechanism in environmental samples (e.g., mine tailings, contaminated sediments), this demonstrates the importance of considering the possible sorbent surface structures and arrangements of adsorbates when interpreting such data.As multiple functional groups are present and multiple binding geometries are possible on the hematite (0 1 2) surface, the XSW data suggest that formation of bridging bidentate surface complexes on singly coordinated oxygen sites is the preferred adsorption mechanism on this and most other hematite surfaces (provided those surfaces contain adjacent singly coordinated oxygen groups). These measurements also constrain the likely reaction stoichiometry, with only the protonation state of the surface complex undetermined. Although bridging bidentate inner-sphere surface complexes comprised the majority of the adsorbed arsenate present on the hematite (0 1 2) surface, there is an additional population of sorbed arsenate species that could not be characterized by the XSW measurements. These species are likely more disordered, and thus more weakly bound, than the bridging bidentate complexes, and may play a role in determining the fate, transport, and bioavailability of arsenate in the environment. Finally, the possibility of obtaining species-specific XSW measurements by tuning the incident beam energy to specific features in a XANES spectrum is described.     

基于图像处理的岩体结构面迹线半自动检测

针对一种基于图像处理的岩体结构面迹线半自动检测的方法进行了研究。该法的基本思路是在图像中人工指定少量难以正确识别的主要裂隙控制点,然后将图像一分为二,分别对二者进行边缘检测,得到两张包含结构面迹线和伪边缘的分段线图片,之后根据距离、角度原则分别对两张图片中的分段线进行迭代连接,最终将检测结果叠加,得到完整裂隙迹线检测结果。该法将主要裂隙与次要裂隙区域分开处理,能够更好地减少二者之间的干扰,所以能够更好地保证主次裂隙识别的完整性与正确性,因而具有更高的精确性。     

陈家庄岩体罗辛型铀矿化特征及成因

本文通过对陈家庄岩体的野外地质观察及Rb-Sr同位素体系(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比为0.7130,等时线年龄为378Ma)、氧同位素(δ~(18)O为12.72‰)、稀土元素(∑REE为370ppm左右,δEu为0.14—0.67),以及钾长石结构状态(t_1=0.93—0.98,t_(10)=0.90—0.97)的研究,得出陈家庄岩体是一个岩浆侵入的改造型花岗岩,原岩物质主要来自大陆碎屑沉积物,而中基性火山岩的混入并不占重要地位。铀矿化主要呈浸染状产于岩体内。唯一的矿石矿物为晶质铀矿。通过铀铅同位素体系研究发现,矿化年龄在407Ma左右,与Rb-Sr全岩等时线年龄接近。结合镜下研究认为,这是一种岩体型铀矿化,也即罗辛型铀矿化。     

鄂尔多斯盆地杨旗区延长组长6储层特征研究

根据普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X-衍射等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地杨旗区长6油层组砂岩的岩石学特征、成岩作用类型等进行了深入研究。研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地杨旗区长6油层组储集层岩石类型为细粒长石砂岩,其次中粒及中—细粒,细—中粒长石砂岩。粒间孔和长石溶孔是主要的储集空间,其中以小孔和微孔为主,渗透率小于5×10-3μm2,为特低渗储层和接近致密储层。研究区较强的压实作用、胶结作用是形成低孔低渗的主要因素,而溶蚀作用是储层物性改善的主要因素。     

黔北上奥陶统五峰组烃源岩有机地球化学特征 及古环境意义

对黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组烃源岩的有机碳、类异戊间二烯烃、萜烷等有机地球化学特征进行研究,发现具有以下特征：①有机碳含量大于3%,且纵向变化小分布稳定;②有机硫碳比值倾向于高值,平均可达0.1;③Pr/Ph比值小于1,具有明显的植烷优势;④伽马蜡烷指数大于0.15;⑤δ13Corg <-30‰,普遍偏轻;⑥Ts/(Tm+Ts)值在0.361~0.518之间,平均为0.455。这些特征均指示研究区五峰期的有机物产率高,同时具有有利于有机质保存的还原环境。对比岩性及有机地球化学剖面,认为晚五峰期有机质保存条件优于早期,中五峰期上升洋流活跃。     

Island-arc geochemical signatures of Cenozoic alkali-rich intrusive rocks from western Yunnan and their implication

Alkali-rich intrusive rocks in western Yunnan were derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle （ EM Ⅱ ） source. The data available indicated they are alkali-rich （ K2o ＋ Na2o 〉 8wt% ） and shoshonitic. Although formed in a within-plate environment they exhibit signatures of arc magmatic rocks, such as high amounts of LILE and LREE relative to the HFSE and HREE, and thus high Ba/Nb, Ba/Zr, Sr/Y, La/Yb ratios as well as mimic chondrite-normalized REE and primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns of subducted sediments, and they fall in the collision- or arc-related tectonic setting field on all discrimination diagrams. This might suggest the enrichment be related to the substantial extent of sediment contamination by the Mesozoic Tethyan subduction processes.     

东北平原东部天恒山钻孔色度变化特征与古气候意义及对松嫩古湖演化的指示

东北平原东部荒山(HS)剖面是我国东北地区的第四纪典型剖面,针对该剖面的色度研究未见报道.在该剖面北约50 m处进行钻探,通过该钻孔——天恒山(THS)钻孔对该区哈尔滨组黄土-古土壤地层开展了高分辨率的色度研究,与烧失量进行了相关性分析,并与磁化率、粒度曲线对比.结果显示,亮度(L*)主要受控于有机质含量.黄度(b*)在整个黄土-古土壤地层中变化特征明显,与磁化率曲线旋回的相似性较好,可能与土壤中铁氧化物的种类和含量关系密切,同时还受控于有机质含量.由于红度(a*)和b*具有一定的相关性,认为它们具有较为一致的致色物质,可能受控于相近的气候因子.a*可能并不能很好地作为该区气候代用指标.L*、b*、a*/b*可以作为较高纬度东北平原东部黄土地层良好的气候代用指标,并结合磁化率、粒度指标共同反映了该地区中—晚更新世以来的古气候变化过程,能较好重建该地区古气候环境的演化历史.经分析,以天恒山(THS)钻孔28.3 m为界,a*和b*发生明显变化,反映了沉积环境的显著改变,可能指示松嫩古湖于476 ka消亡.     

长江流域人口-土地-经济城镇化的时空 耦合协调性与驱动因子分析

运用熵值法对长江流域2008年、2013年及2018年3个时期105个地级市的人口、土地、经济城镇化水平进行多维评测;依托ArcGIS平台分析城镇化的时空演变特征及耦合协调性的时空集聚模式;采用多元线性回归模型,挖掘城镇化耦合协调性的驱动因子。结果表明：长江上中下游地区城镇化耦合协调度显著差异,呈现出：下游地区＞＞中游地区＞上游地区的格局。城镇化耦合协调度中等协调及以上水平的地级市主要位于长江三角洲、合肥与皖江沿线、武汉城市圈、长沙城市圈、成渝城市群、南昌、贵阳、昆明等地。耦合协调度处于失调水平的地级市主要位于长江源头地区、藏东—川西—滇北横断山区、甘肃陇南、乌蒙山区、武陵山区、南岭地区等地。城镇化耦合协调度的空间集聚模式可划分为热点聚集型、中部发展型、冷点聚集型、边缘游离型4种类型。在此基础上,构建出4种空间集聚类型的拟合模型,决定系数R²均大于0.800。立足于新型城镇化建设,对长江流域人口、土地、经济城镇化的发展提出了针对性的政策建议。