雷州半岛海风环流的数值研究

利用1984年N1月—1985年2月和1985年5—8月的欧洲中期预报中心格点资料,计算了北半球低频(40—50)天扰动动能和正压动能的分布以及时间平均气流与低频扰动的相互作用.发现高空低频扰动动能的高值区与西风急流的纬向非对称性和经向切变关系密切。在西风急流的出口区,特别是东亚西风急流的出口区,时间平均气流向低频扰动输送动能,这些地区的低频正压性也最强.亚洲季风区低频正压动能较小。提出可以用低频正压动能与低频动能的比值作为低频扰动的“结构参数”,“结构参数”为0.5的等值线可作为区分热带地区低频振荡与中高纬地区低频振荡的特征线.     

基于QFD的自动气象站运行质量测评

将质量功能展开(Quality Function Deployment,QFD)方法引入到自动气象站运行质量测评研究中,建立了观测员对自动气象站运行满意度测评质量功能展开模型,通过两个阶段的质量屋结构将观测员对自动气象站运行质量逐步展开为观测员所关注的具体细节,该模型不但可以帮助自动站设计人员、业务管理人员、技术保障人员及测报员直观了解自动气象站运行现状,而且为提高自动气象站运行质量指明了需要改进的技术和方法.     

冬季黑潮延伸体异常增暖对东亚夏季风影响的数值试验

利用NCAR CAM3全球大气环流模式数值试验，研究了冬季黑潮延伸体的海温异常增暖对东亚夏季风的影响。结果表明，冬季黑潮延伸体海温异常增暖将导致东亚夏季风增强北推。表征夏季风强度的EASMI（the East Asian Summer Monsoon Index）和LSTDI（the Land-Sea Thernal Difference Index）在夏季风爆发后都呈现了明显的增强趋势，且LSTDI对海温异常增暖的响应更为敏感。华北、南海和菲律宾以东的低空西南季风显著增强，副热带西风急流轴以北（南）西风加强（减弱）。日本群岛及周边海域和中国东部长江以南至秦岭一线的降水明显减少；华北、南海、东海、黄海和菲律宾以东的西太平洋上的降水增多。华北是东亚夏季风对黑潮延伸体的海温异常响应最敏感的区域。东亚地区近地面温度表现为一致的增温特征，而30～50 °N之间对流层的整体升温导致了海陆热力差异的加大，这是促使东亚夏季风增强的重要原因。中国及周边地区环流和降水异常分布和西北太平洋副热带高压增强北抬有关。     

南京汤山葫芦洞地质雷达勘探洞穴堆积研究

通过对南京汤山葫芦洞内部东侧地质雷达勘探资料的分析,根据经验值计算,东部洞穴基岩埋深在10m左右,可能为水平状的红色岩系。特殊的地质基础导致葫芦洞成为汤山地区已知规模最大的洞穴。其上的洞穴埋藏堆积可以分为上、中、下三个角砾层,可能反映了该洞穴曾经历过三次较大的崩塌堆积过程。上角砾层可能含有动物化石,是今后古人类考古值得关注的堆积层。     

基于WebGIS的空间数据库的建立

随着全球环境的进一步恶化,各国政府越来越重视资源环境问题,如何科学地利用自然资源和保护环境是当前面临的重大课题.各级政府部门已经投入大量人力物力完成了各类资源环境工程项目和相关的研究工作,积累了大量的资源环境数据,如何科学有效地利用这些数据资源,是急需解决的现实问题.本文阐述了WebGIS功能特点,并结合安徽省资源环境空间数据库的建设,着重介绍了基于WebGIS的空间数据库的系统设计方法、建立过程和应注意的问题.     

Conceptual design studies of the 5 m terahertz antenna for Dome A,Antarctica

As the highest, coldest and driest place in Antarctica, Dome A provides exceptionally good observing conditions for ground-based observations over terahertz wavebands. The 5 m Dome A Terahertz Explorer （DATES） has been proposed to explore new terahertz windows, primarily over wavelengths between 350 and 200 pm. DATE5 will be an open-air, fully-steerable telescope that can function by unmanned operation with remote control. The telescope will be able to endure the harsh polar environment, including high altitude, very low temperature and very low air pressure. The unique specifications, including high accuracies for surface shape and pointing and fully automatic year-around remote operation, along with a stringent limit on the periods of on-site assembly, testing and maintenance, bring a number of challenges to the design, construction, assembly and operation of this telescope. This paper intro- duces general concepts related to the design of the DATE5 antenna. Beginning from an overview of the environmental and operational limitations, the design specifications and requirements of the DATE5 antenna are listed. From these, major aspects on the conceptual design studies, including the antenna optics, the backup structure, the pan- els, the subreflector, the mounting and the antenna base structure, are explained. Some critical issues of performance are justified through analyses that use computational fluid dynamics, thermal analysis and de-icing studies, and the proposed approaches for test operation and on-site assembly. Based on these studies, we conclude that the specifications of the DATE5 antenna can generally be met by using enhanced technological approaches.     

Libration dynamics and stability of electrodynamic tethers in satellite deorbit

This paper studies libration dynamics and stability of deorbiting nano-satellites by short and bare electrodynamic tethers. A critical aspect of satellite deorbit by an electrodynamic tether is to maintain the tether aligned with the local vertical and stable while subjected to external perturbations. The dynamics of electrodynamic tether system in deorbit application is divided into the orbital motion of the center of system’s mass and the tether libration motion relative to that center. Major space environmental perturbations including the current-induced electrodynamic force, atmospheric drag, oblateness effect of the Earth, irregularity of geomagnetic field, variable plasma density, solar radiation pressure, and lunisolar gravitational attractions are considered in the dynamic analysis. Quantitative analyses are provided in order to characterize the order of the perturbative torques during the deorbit process. A single index is derived from the libration energy to stabilize the libration motion by regulating the current in the tether through simple on-off switching. Numerical results show that the libration dynamics of an electrodynamic tether has significant impacts on the deorbit process and the electrodynamic tether cannot effectively deorbit satellites without libration stability control. The proposed current regulation strategy is simple and very effective in stabilizing libration motion of an electrodynamic tether.     

应用地震波形分类技术识别岩相的适用性和局限性

地震波形分类技术在识别和划分岩相的应用中有其独特的优点,但也存在一定的局限性。通过针对不同岩相的大量实践,深入探讨了影响该技术的应用条件,系统总结了该技术识别岩相的适用性和局限性。研究表明：时窗类型及大小、地震属性体的选择是影响波形分类结果最重要的因素;不同的岩相在地震振幅、频率、相位、时间厚度上存在差异性是正确应用波形分类方法的前提;当岩相问的地震响应差别不明显,或同一岩相横向波形变化较快,无法建立统一的岩相地震波形特征时,波形分类方法的结果不能准确地划分岩相,也没有明确的地质意义。回归到岩相地震响应特点的分析,建立地震响应与岩相的对应关系,开展波形分类技术应用的先验性研究,是成功应用该技术的基础和关键。     

Advances in the Research of Impact of Decadal Solar Cycle on Modern Climate

Role of solar activity on modern climate change, particularly in the decadal scale is an important scientific issue. This paper reviews the recent observation of decadal solar signal in earth’s climate, with focus on the mechanism of solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation and cosmic rays on climate system ,and its validation. The paper points out that the assessment of uncertainty in observations, amplification process of the climate system, as well as possible future impact of solar extreme events are challenges in the present study. Finally, the keys of breakthrough are pointed, to provide a reference for future research.