Decompression-metamorphism of Dabie Complex and rapid tectonic-uplift from deep level of the orogenic belt

The Dabie Complex can be divided into two metamorphic facies belts, granulite facies and amphibolite facies. Growth zoning in the inner segments of garnets is well preserved in the granulite belt. By contrast, garnets in the amphibolite belt have no composition variations in the inner segments, but show growth zoning in the outer segments. This may imply different incipient metamorphic history for the two metamorphic belts. However, both reaction textures and composition trends that reflect the decompression process are commonly in both of the two belts. Pressure decreased about 0.70 and 0. 85 GPa for the granulite and the amphibolite belts, respectively, estimated from mineral thermobarometers. The metamorphicP-T paths are characteristic of collision and subduction, implying that the Dabie Complex underwent rapid subsidence and rapid tectonic uplift. Uplift of the ultrahigh pressure eclogites in the region could also be related to the process.     

垂直形变速率梯度图的编绘

应用地壳形变资料观测未来强震的基本经验之一是：地震容易发生在变形高梯度带上,文中归纳并提出了具体计算和编绘“地壳垂直形谱速率梯度图”的方法,主要有网格法、函数拟合法及图解法。讨论了３种方法的特点和适用场合,并给出了用图解法编绘的“全图垂直形变速率梯度图！薄?     

Petrology, Metamorphic Process and Genesis of The Dabie--Sulu Eclogite Belt, Eastern--Central China

The Qinling-Dabie-Sulu high-pressure and ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt wasformed by subduction and collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. The study ofthe eclogite belt is very important in understanding the evolution of the Qinling Dabie orogen. Inthe present paper the geology, petrology, minerology and chronology of the eclogites in the Dabieand Sulu areas are described. The principal conclusions of this work are as follows: (1) Based up-on the field occurrence and the P-T conditions of the eclogites, two types of eclogite can be dis-tinguished: Type 1—the low-temperature and high-pressure eclogite in the mid-late Proterozoicmetamorphic series, and Type 2—the ultra-high pressure eclogite in the late Archaean to earlyProterozoic metamorphic complex. In the Dabie area, the ultra-high-pressure eclogite,high-pressure eclogite and epidote-blueschist units are nearly parallel to each other and stretchintermittently from north to south. (2) The P-T conditions of the high-pressure eclogites and ul-tra-high pressure eclogites have been estimated. The former are formed at 450-550℃ and1.4-1.6 GPa; while the latter at 650-870℃ and >2.7-2.9 GPa in the Dabie area and at820-1000℃ and >2.8-3.1 GPa in the Sulu area. The metamorphic temperatures of the eclogitesincrease progressively from west to east. (3) The ultra-high pressure eclogites were subjected to 5stages of metamorphism: pre-eclogite epidote amphibolite facies, peak coesite eclogite facies,post-eclogite amphibolite facies, epidote-blueschist facies or epidote amphibolite facies andgreenschist facies. The general features of the PTt path of the ultra-high pressure eclogite are:clockwise pattern, progressive metamorphism being a process of slow increasing temperature andrapid increasing pressure, and the retrogressive section with nearly isothermal decompression atthe early stage, isobaric cooling at the middle stage and nearly isothermal decompression at thelate stage. (4) At least two stages of high-pressure metamorphism occurred in the orogenic belt:the high-pressure eclogite and ultra-high pressure eclogite were formed by the subduction of theoceanic crust northward beneath the North China plate or the Dabie block during theCaledonian; while the epidote-blueschist belt came into being by subdution and collision be-tween the two continental plates during the Indosinian. (5) Due to the continuous sequentialsubduction of the cold plate, the ultra high-presssure metamorphic rocks were uplifted to thecrust by the underplating processes. They can be preserved just because of the "frozen effect" re-sulting from the continuous subduction of the cold plate. (6) The carbonates, such as magnesite,breunnerite, aragonite and dolomite, and the H_2O-bearing minerals, such as phengite, epidoteand zoisite, were stable during the high-pressure and/or ultra-high pressure metamorphism.     

Fractal properties of outflows from Venusian impact craters

This article presents fractal analyses of 28 outflow margins from 18 Venusian impact craters. The fractal dimensions of the second parts of R-plots of the outflow outlines were measured by a three-step method. The fractality values for the same outflow measured from images which have only a small difference in resolution are very similar, while large differences in image resolution may result in differences in fractality, possibly due to the fact that we are actually studying geological processes on different scales. The outflows were classified into three general categories: single outflows, multiple outflows and outflow fields. Three conclusions were drawn on the relations between fractality and crater diameter, which may be related to the greater effects caused by the immediate local environment on the outflows from small craters than on those from larger craters. Investigation of the relations between the regional topography and fractality indicates that there are substantially less effects on outflows originating from large craters than on those from small craters. The smooth bending in the R-plot and the higher D-value for the multiple outflows could result from the mixing of various fractal or non-fractal units. When comparing our results with the fractality of terrestrial lava flows, outflows from craters of diameter greater than 50 km seem to resemble aa-type lava flows in their fractal dimensions and outflows from craters of diameter below 50 km tend to be more pahoehoe-like. This preliminary result is based on 28 outflows, however, and the pattern should be investigated more carefully by further more extensive work.     

淀山湖的浮游植物及其能量生产

浮游植物是水生生态系统中的初级生产者，系统地研究浮游植物的演变以及能量生产，对深入了解水生生态系统的结构和功能，保护和改善水质，都有理论和实际意义。因而引起国内外学者的普遍重视。关于湖泊浮游植物种类组成、密度、多样性指数、初级生产力及其与生态因素的关系的研究很多，但在淀山湖，尚缺乏这些方面，尤其是与环境变化的关系的系统研究。因此，作者在前人工作的基础上，较全面地报道了淀山湖浮游植物与水体环境变化的     

梭鱼仔鱼耳石日轮形成及自然种群日龄的鉴定

梭鱼实验种群样本,系于1987年5月,从山东大沽河口搜集的亲鱼经人工授精后孵出的仔鱼在实验室培育取得;自然种群样本,于同年同地区采集。对于实验种群耳石生长轮形成的周期性进行了研究。结果表明,实验种群培育天数(D)与耳石生长轮数(N)之间的关系以回归式N=D-1.89表达之;根据实验种群耳石轮纹形成的周期性规律,鉴定了自然种群的日龄,表明二者具相似的周期性规律;协方差分析表明,梭鱼早期阶段的生长,自然种群比实验种群快。     

渤海■虎鱼类的生物学调查——关于区系分布与生态学基础的研究

虾虎鱼类Ｇｏｂｉｏｉｄｅｉ是包括弹涂鱼科Ｐｅｒｉｏｐｈｔｈａｌｍｉｄａｅ、鳗虾虎鱼科Ｔａｅｎｉｏｉｄｉｄａｅ等在内的一群小型鱼类。全世界计有约１７２０种左右，全国有１６１种海水虾虎鱼类，其中有２０种分布于渤海，这次调查共采到１９种，其中有２种系黄海边缘分布，为渤海首次记录。本文报告了虾虎鱼类在渤海水域的名录，分布和生态学特征，分析了它们在渤海生态系中的作用，特别是对增殖放流对虾的影响     

Movable bed roughness and current profiles in the presence of irregular waves with an arbitrary angle to currents

The bed roughness k_s and current velocity profiles in the presence of waves with an arbitrary angle θ to currents are studied. It is found that the movable bed roughness is affected by both the wave and the current and only slightly by the angle θ between the wave propagation and the current, and that existing formulae derived in purely oscillatory flows generally fail to predict k_s. In the present study, a new formula which takes account the effect of the wave and the current on the bed roughness is suggested to calculate k_s in combined wave-current flows. With the present formula, the current profiles calculated by the model of You agree satisfactorily with the laboratory data of van Kampen and Nap and Havinga, and the field measurements of Grant and Williams and Drake et al.     

Effects of several salt marsh plants on mouse spleen and thymus cell proliferation using mtt assay

In the present study, we have tested the effects of 21 salt marsh plants on cell proliferation of mouse immune cells (spleen and thymus) using MTT assay in culture. The methanolic extracts of six salt marsh plants (Rosa rugosa, Ixeris tamagawaensis, Artemisia capillaris, Tetragonia tetragonoides, Erigeron annus, and Glehnia littoralis) showed very powerful suppressive effects of mouse immune cell death and significant activities of cell proliferationin vitro. Especially, the methanolic extract ofRosa rugosa was found to have fifteen times compared to the control treatment, demonstrating that Rosa rugosa may have a potent stimulation effect on immune cell proliferation. These results suggest that several salt marsh plants includingRosa rugosa could be useful for further study as an immunomodulating agent.