Radiolaria fossils in the surface sediments and sedimentary environment in the Bering Sea

Totally 2472 grains of Radiolaria belonging to 36 Genera and 45 species are distinguished from 12 surface sediments in the Bering Sea. The distribution characteristics of Radiolaria fossils in the surface sediments are as follows: (1) From the shelf of shallow water to the upper of continental slope, there are a few Radiolaria fossils and monotonous genus and species; (2) In the lower of continental slope, Radiolaria fossils are poor in the volcanic cinders and turbidite; (3) The abundance and diversity of Radiolaria fossils are high in clay of the basin. The dominant species of Radiolaria is Spongotrochus glacialis on the continental shelf. Current, topography, water depth, and temperature etc. are key factors influencing Radiolaria distribution. The sources of sediments mainly are terrigenous, biogenic and volcanic sediments in the survey area and they are mostly from the Kamchatka peninsula in the east of Russia and the Aleutian Islands.     

中国就业的空间模式及区域划分

就业问题是中国乃至世界的重大社会问题, 关系到经济社会发展的各个方面。对中国就业空间分布进行区域划分有利于国家流动人口的引导、就业政策的制订以及和谐社会的建设。利用2000 年中国第五次人口普查数据, 采用主成分分析、聚类分析和统计分析方法, 对中国2343 个县(市)、市区的就业结构数据进行分析研究发现: ① 中国就业形成了连续型圈层、非连续型圈层、跳跃式圈层、混合型圈层、多核心圈层、带状等6 种就业空间模式; ② 中国就业区可划分为东部沿海、东北、京津、中部、西部等5 个就业区, 其中, 西部区可划分为陕甘宁青川渝、云贵藏和新疆等3 个就业亚区。     

发展地理学视角下中国区域均衡发展

区域差异大、发展不平衡是中国的基本国情,研究区域均衡发展问题是发展地理学领域的重大课题.本文首先回顾了中国的区域均衡发展历程,总结了各时期区域均衡发展的特征,研究指出,中国区域间发展呈现出均衡发展与非均衡发展演替的状态,每次演进使得社会的发展质量迈进新的台阶,逐渐走向高质量发展与区域均衡发展的状态.其次,本文探讨了当前...     

The impact of energy-intensive industries on air quality in China’s industrial agglomerations

Understanding the driving forces of regional air pollution and its mechanism has gained much attention in academic research,which can provide scientific policy-making basis for economy-environment sustainability in China.Being an important energy and industrial base,the North China Plain region has been experiencing severe air pollution.Therefore,understanding the relationship between industrialization and air quality in this region is of great importance for air quality improvement.In this study,the average annual concentrations of SO2,NO2 and PM10 in 47 sample cities at and above the prefecture level in the North China Plain region from 2007 to 2016 were used to illustrate the spatiotemporal characteristics of air pollution within this region.Furthermore,panel data model,panel vector autoregression model,and impulse response function were used to explore the correlation and driving mechanism between energy-intensive industries and regional air quality.The results show that:first,overall air quality improved in the study area between 2007 and 2016,with a significant greater fall in concentration of SO2 than that of NO2 and PM10;second,provincial border areas suffered from severe air pollution and showed an apparent spatial agglomeration trend of pollution;and third,the test results from different models all proved that energy-intensive industries such as the chemical,non-metallic mineral production,electric and thermal power production and supply industries,had a significant positive correlation with concentrations of air pollutants,and indicated an obvious short-term impulse response effect.It concludes that upgradation of industrial structure,especially that of energy-intensive industries,plays a very important role in the improvement of regional air quality,which is recommended to be put in top priority for authorities.Therefore,policies as increasing investments in technological innovation in energy-intensive industries,deepening cooperation in environmental governance between different provinces and cities,and strengthening supervision and entry restrictions are suggested.     

Spatial relationship of high-speed transportation construction and land-use efficiency and its mechanism: Case study of Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Land-use efficiency is low for the urban agglomeration of China. High-speed transportation construction has been an important factor driving land use change. It...     

基于技术效率测算的京津冀城市土地集约利用潜力评价

现有城市土地集约利用潜力评价研究主要采用多指标综合评价方法,存在依据不充分、结果不可比、难反映动态变化等缺陷。针对此,基于集约潜力和技术效率的概念联系,把城市土地集约利用潜力定义为是城市土地利用技术效率的潜在提升所可能带来的土地节约量或产出增加量,构建了城市土地集约利用土地节约潜力和产出增长潜力定量评价模型,测算和分析了京津冀2006-2015年城市土地集约利用土地节约潜力和产出增长潜力的规模与占比情况。结果表明：① 京津冀城市土地集约利用潜力规模巨大且持续增加,土地节约潜力规模10年均值为709.80 km ²、净增量达543.96 km ²,产出增长潜力规模（2005年不变价）10年均值为4207.57亿元、净增量达3428.55亿元;② 京津冀城市土地集约利用潜力占比很高且持续提升,土地节约潜力占比10年均值为21.80%、净提高10.56个百分点,产出增长潜力占比10年均值为26.12%、净提高14.73个百分点;③ 京津冀13个城市土地集约利用潜力排名很稳定,且差距在扩大,显示出越发达城市集约挖潜越困难、越落后城市集约挖潜越容易的一般规律,以及集约挖潜容易者更加容易、困难者更加困难的马太效应。研究能够为城市土地集约利用实践与管理提供科学指导,有利于推进集约评价和效率测算研究之间的对话与交流。     

基于锁定效应的乡村旅游产业振兴路径

产业振兴是乡村振兴战略的核心内容,也是破题窗口,乡村旅游产业发展是践行“两山”理论、实现乡村富裕的有效实践。锁定效应是普遍存在的经济社会发展规律,为确保乡村旅游产业因地制宜、可持续发展,分析影响乡村旅游产业发展诸要素之间的关系,研究乡村旅游产业地域锁定机理,并尝试构建内部要素、外部环境综合作用的多重锁定机理框架。传统小农思想影响下,乡村的资源禀赋、运营管理、人才技术、村民参与、村集体战斗力、制度政策、市场需求等动力因素形成正反馈机制,使乡村旅游产业地域锁定效应不断强化。结合浙江磐安管头村旅游产业的认知锁定、市场锁定、旅游产品锁定、经营模式锁定特征,提出锁定市场专业化、反锁经营老龄化的服务质量提升路径,锁定产品差异化、反锁同质低质化的文化价值盘活路径,以及锁定模式统一化、反锁封闭个体化的共建共享共赢路径3条特色化路径,助力乡村旅游产业振兴和美丽乡村建设。     

南黄海、东海陆架及冲绳海槽北部 沉积物的10 Be和9 Be记录*

文章讨论了南黄海泥质区、东海陆架及冲绳海槽北部表层沉积物和柱状岩芯中¹⁰ Be及⁹ Be含量的水平和垂直分布,并与重金属Pb的分布进行了比较。表层沉积物中的¹⁰ Be,⁹ Be和Pb三者表现出完全不同的分布特征。¹⁰ Be的分布主要受黑潮及其支流黄海暖流所支配; ⁹ Be的分布受黄河陆源物质输入的影响,主要集中在南黄海泥质区; Pb则主要分布在长江口和琉球群岛附近,反映了人类活动的影响。冲绳海槽北部末次冰期和全新世时¹⁰ Be的沉积通量变化在整体上反映了¹⁰ Be大气生产率的变化,即地球磁场屏蔽效应的影响。03孔全新世时¹⁰ Be的沉积通量 (1.12×10⁹atoms/cm²ka)基本上等于¹⁰ Be的现代大气平均生产率,而在末次冰期时平均为4.06×10⁹atoms/cm²ka, 高于¹⁰ Be 的现代大气平均生产率3倍以上。在冲绳海槽由于黑潮的缘故,¹⁰ Be对气候的变化响应要比极地冰芯的¹⁰ Be变化响应灵敏的多,对气候变化信号起了放大的作用。冰期时冲绳海槽北部¹⁰ Be的沉积通量远远高于太平洋大洋海区,充分反映了黑潮的传送带作用和边缘海的聚焦沉积作用,并表明末次冰期时在千年尺度上黑潮仍流经冲绳海槽,且强度并未减弱。 ¹⁰ Be的通量在新仙女木时降到整个岩芯所跨时期的最低点,甚至低于¹⁰ Be的现代大气平均生产率,因此推测在新仙女木事件时,黑潮的变动特别大,有可能改向或断流。     

长江经济带城市群可持续发展战略问题与分级梯度发展重点

长江经济带是推动中国区域发展由“T”字型战略格局转变为新常态下“H”型战略格局的重要支撑带。长江沿江的六大城市群是推动长江经济带新型城镇化的空间主体,但在发育过程中存在着城市群空间范围界定脱离发育标准、带有强烈的政府主导性,整体发育程度弱于沿海城市群,越往上游城市群发育程度减弱,资源与生态环境保障形势严峻,城市群内部城市之间竞争大于合作,缺乏一体化统筹协调机制等问题。为此,应以流域一体化和交通一体化为主线,推进长江经济带城市群建设的一体化和市场化进程,构建“1+2+3”分级梯度发展的长江经济带城市群新格局;以差异化驱动力为支撑,因地制宜地突出各级各类城市群的发展优势与建设重点。未来,为确保长江经济带城市群可持续发展,应采取以下战略措施：成立长江经济带城市群一体化发展委员会,建立流域一体化的统筹协调机制;遵循城市群发育的科学规律,避免脱离实际催生扩大城市群;构建以城市群为战略桥墩的上下联动、以轴串群的流域生态经济带束簇状城镇体系;建立长江经济带城市群发展的公共财政制度和公共财政储备机制;加强长江经济带城市群发展的生态环境联防联治,建成生态型城市群;加快长江经济带城市群发展的创新驱动步伐,建设创新型城市群;重点建设一批支撑长江经济带城市群发展的重大工程和国家级新区。     

The sustainable development of innovative cities in China: Comprehensive assessment and future configuration

Innovative cities not only constitute an important basis for innovation activities, but also play a strategically critical role in constructing an innovative country, producing new forms of urban development, and fostering urban sustainable development. Currently, China is marching toward the goal of establishing an innovative country by 2020, but in the start-up phase of this process of innovative city construction, the fundamental transition from factor-driven development to innovation-driven development is not being realized. As a result,a wide gap currently exists between China＇s innovative cities and the advanced innovative cities in developed countries. This paper argues that this necessary transition is being constrained by a series of bottlenecks in investment, income, techniques, contributions, and talents. The article takes 287 prefecture-level cities as its object of comprehensive assessment, developing a comprehensive assessment system for innovative cities and devising innovative monitoring system software in order to evaluate the current situation in China＇s innovative city construction. The analysis addresses four key aspects – namely,independent innovation, industrial innovation, living environmental innovation, and institutional innovation – as well as the spatial heterogeneity of the innovative city construction process. The results demonstrate that the level of innovation in Chinese cities is low, and the paper warns that building an innovation-oriented country will, as a consequence,be difficult. Some 87.8% of the cities studied maintained comprehensive levels of innovation that were lower than the national average. The level of comprehensive innovation in a city was found to have close and positive correlation with economic development. The level of the eastern region of China was, in particular, found to be significantly higher than that of the central and western regions. The levels of urban independent innovation, industrial innovation,environmental innovation, and institutional in