GAT磁悬浮陀螺全站仪在矿山测量中的应用

GAT高精度磁悬浮陀螺全站仪是由长安大学测绘与空间信息研究所和中国航天时代电子公司共同研制开发、具有国内独立知识产权的陀螺定向仪器。GAT系列仪器采用磁悬浮吊带等技术,能无依托、自主式寻北测定目标的方位角,除架设调平及瞄准之外,整个测量过程无需手工操作,测量结束后,自动给出瞄准目标的法线与真北方位角,据此可以确定任意方向线的坐标方位角,实现定向和贯通。     

全国矿产资源规划信息数据库及管理系统的构建

随着矿产规划管理信息的逐渐增多和矿政管理部门的需求不断提高,本文根据规划管理的业务需求以及第二轮的矿产资源规划标准,建立了全国矿产资源规划信息数据库管理系统。通过Oracle 10g建立矿产资源规划信息数据库,并通过ArcGIS Engine构建管理系统,实现了全国矿产资源规划信息的整合与共享,为矿产规划管理的科学化、精细化提供了依据。     

临沂市地质灾害预警预报与指挥系统的设计与实现

本文结合国内外有关地质灾害预警预报的相关理论研究,论述了临沂市地质灾害预警预报与指挥系统的总体框架和功能设计,介绍了本系统的预警预报、应急指挥、态势标绘等功能。系统旨在逐步提高临沂市的地质灾害预警预报技术水平,为各级政府制定国民发展计划和城镇规划提供重要的科学依据,为减灾防灾提供技术支撑。     

中国海岛县(区)旅游业转型发展问题研究

我国海岛县(区)旅游业起步较晚,发展迅速,众多海岛已成为知名的区域性旅游目的地,但总体仍处于粗放的资源驱动型发展阶段,产业综合素质较低,持续发展能力不足,迫切需要转型升级。旅游业转型发展要立足于海岛县(区)地域经济体、自然综合体和社会综合体的特殊属性,倡导生态旅游,发挥地方政府的宏观主导作用,落实战略性主导产业定位,以生态环境的承载力为基础,动员和整合各方面的资源,构建系统经济发展模式,发挥旅游业在增强经济活力、保护资源环境、促进社会进步等方面的作用,使之成为海岛县(区)可持续发展的重要支撑力量。     

基于GIS的徐州市乡村聚落空间适宜性分析

以徐州地区SPOT与TM融合遥感影像为主要数据源,选用了自然、环境和社会人文3个方面的10个影响因子,借助ArcGIS软件的空间分析技术,采用取最小值法对乡村聚落空间分布的适宜性进行评价。在研究区的乡村聚落总面积中,高度适宜、中度适宜、低度适宜、临界适宜和不适宜的乡村聚落面积分别占10.94%,42.35%,21.52%,18.13%,7.06%,表明徐州地区的乡村聚落适宜性总体上较高。乡村聚落空间适宜性与其密度分布之间呈现出较强的正相关。最后,结合实际情况对不同适宜性的乡村聚落提出了相应的优化调控措施。     

基于无人机航空摄影技术的厦门滩涂养殖调查

近年来随着实时化测绘的需求增加,无人机航空摄影发展迅速.无人机航摄具有运行成本低、执行任务灵活性高等优点,是遥感数据获取的重要手段.本研究论述了利用无人机对厦门市翔安区滩涂进行航空摄影制作1∶2 000正射影像的方法,其成果用于滩涂养殖信息调查.     

巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊与地下水的补给来源及化学组成(英文)

Based on the analysis of ion chemical composition of lake water and shallow groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert, this paper discussed the characteristics of ion chemical composition, spatial variation of lake water, and possible supply sources of lake water and groundwater in the desert areas. The results show that the pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity of the lake water are greater than those of groundwater. The ion con-tents of water samples are dominated by Na+ and Cl?. Most of the higher salinity lakes are Na (K)-Cl-(SO4) type, and a few of low salinity lakes belong to the Na-(Mg)-(Ca)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type. Most of the groundwater is Na-(Ca)-(Mg)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type, attributed to subsaline lake, and only a few present the Na-Cl-SO4 type, flowing under saline lake. The pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity in the southeastern lakes are relatively low, and there are slightly alkaline lakes. The pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity in the northern lakes are much greater than those of the southeastern lakes, and the northern lakes are moderately alkaline and saline ones. In the southeastern part of the Badain Jaran Desert, the ion chemical characteristics of the lake water from south to north show a changing trend of sub-saline →saline→hypersaline. The changing trend of chemical compositions of ions in recent 9 years indicates that most of the ion contents have a shade of reduction in Boritaolegai, Badain, Nuoertu and Huhejilin lakes, which state clearly that the amount of fresh water supply is increasing in the 9-year period. The ion chemical composition of the lake water reveals that the flow direction of lake water is from southeast to northwest in the Badain Jaran Desert. The ion chemical composition, moisture content of sand layer water level height and hierarchical cluster analysis of the lake water and groundwater demonstrate that the lake water is mainly supplied by local rainfall and infiltration of precipitation in Yabulai Mountains and Heishantou Mountain, and the supply from the Qilian Mountains is almost impossible.     

近半个世纪来气候变暖背景下黄河流域潜在蒸散量的变化(英文)

According to the meteorological observation data of 72 stations from 1960 to 2010 in the Huanghe (Yellow) River Watershed, China, the long-term variations of potential evapotranspiration, calculated in the modified Penman-Monteith model of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, were presented, as well as the meteorological causes for the decrease of potential evapotranspiration were discussed. Since 1960, temperature has risen significantly and potential evapotranspiration a decreasing trend, which indicated the existence of "Evaporation paradox" in the Huanghe River Watershed. This phenomenon was not consistent spatially or temporally with the increase of temperature, potential evapotranspiration decreased in spring, summer and winter, mainly over most parts of Shanxi and Henan, and some parts of Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, and Shaanxi. During the recent half century, the trends of temperature and potential evapotranspiration were negatively correlated at most of the stations, while precipitation and potential evapotranspiration exhibited a contrary trend. Calculated in multiple regressions, the contribution to potential evapotranspiration change of related meteorological factors was discussed, including mean pressure, maximum and minimum temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity and average wind speed. The decrease of wind speed in the Huanghe River Watershed may be the dominating factor causing potential evapotranspiration decreasing.     

地图信息度量方法及其应用分析

地图信息度量是现代制图学与地理信息科学领域的一个重要研究问题,已初步应用于地图综合选取标准与质量评价、移动地图服务与可视化、地图信息传输、多尺度地图级联更新等方面。为更深入系统地针对此问题开展研究,该文对各学科领域的信息定义进行了分析,进而明确了地图信息的内涵;分析了地图信息的类型,主要包括统计信息、几何信息、拓扑信息和专题信息;在此基础上阐述了现有的地图信息度量方法,并从地图信息度量的角度、层次、内容、方法及规范性方面进行了归纳总结;最后简要阐述了地图信息度量的初步应用及未来该方面研究的发展趋势和思路。     

多条件约束应急疏散路径分析的几何代数方法

面向突发事件的应急响应与疏散路径分析的需求,基于几何代数构建多目标约束应急疏散路径分析方法,利用多重向量实现了多维地理场景建模及路径距离计算.其中利用几何基进行网络编码,构建多维地理网络拓扑结构的几何代数邻接矩阵表达,建立了基于几何代数的最短路径算法,进而构建多目标约束的应急疏散模型.基于德国Waldbruecke村三维场景中污染物扩散条件下的应急疏散分析表明,该方法可较好地支撑阈值限制条件下网络路径的动态生成,可为虚拟场景中应急疏散的决策与模拟提供理论与技术支撑.