多功能数字化地籍测绘系统CADPS

研制的多功能为数字化地籍测绘系统，其集数据传输，平差计算，碎部点处理，图形处理和报表输出为一体，既适合于全站仪，并站仪，也可采用电子平板作业方式。该系统已用于生产中，效果好。     

Mapping 3D visibility in an urban street environment from mobile LiDAR point clouds

ABSTRACT

Visibility determination is a key requirement in a wide range of national and urban applications, such as national security, landscape management, and urban design. Mobile LiDAR point clouds can depict the urban built environment with a high level of details and accuracy. However, few three-dimensional visibility approaches have been developed for the street-level point-cloud data. Accordingly, an approach based on mobile LiDAR point clouds has been developed to map the three-dimensional visibility at the street level. The method consists of five steps: voxelization of point-cloud data, construction of lines-of-sight, construction of sectors of sight, construction of three-dimensional visible space, and calculation of volume index. The proposed approach is able to automatically measure the volume of visible space and openness at any viewpoint along a street. This approach has been applied to three study areas. The results indicated that the proposed approach enables accurate simulation of visible space as well as high-resolution (1 m × 1 m) mapping of the visible volume index. The proposed approach can make a contribution to the improvement of urban planning and design processes that aim at developing more sustainable built environments.     

电离层高阶项改正对参考框架实现及测站坐标的影响分析

根据电离层高阶项改正模型,确定了高阶项延迟对不同GPS观测量的影响量。根据IERS协议2010推荐的最新模型,对全球均匀分布的104个IGS基准站数据进行了重新处理,研究了电离层高阶项延迟(二、三阶项)对坐标参考框架实现及测站坐标的影响,量化了不同地磁模型下的高阶项改正影响变化。结果表明,电离层延迟高阶项改正对参考框架原点有较大影响,犣方向的平移可达20mm,犡、犢方向的平移所受的影响相对较小,大部分维持在5mm以下;电离层高阶项延迟会引起测站坐标变化的区域性偏移现象;地磁模型的不同会导致参考框架原点犣方向有着约10mm的变化,在局部区域也会引起显著的测站坐标变化差异。最后对电离层高阶项改正的影响结果进行了分析与讨论。     

综论土壤呼吸各组分区分方法

研究土壤呼吸各个组分对土壤总呼吸的贡献是定量评价植物和土壤碳平衡及能量平衡的 重要基础。目前区分土壤有机质分解呼吸和根呼吸的方法主要有成分综合法、壕沟法、根分离法、 林隙法、根生物量外推法、同位素法, 区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸的方法有同位素稀释法、模 拟根际沉降物法、¹⁴CO₂ 动态法、根系分泌物洗涤法、δ¹³C 微生物量法及一些非同位素法的联合。 土壤呼吸各组分区分研究中, 区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸将是未来研究的一个重大课题, 区 分方法的改进、完善和创新, 不同区分方法间的比较研究将是未来研究的一个重要方向。     

Trends and risk evolution of drought disasters in Tibet Region,China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The risk posed by natural disasters can be largely reflected by hazard and vulnerability. The analysis of long-term hazard series can reveal the mechanisms by...     

湘中地区邵阳凹陷二叠系页岩储集物性特征研究

基于全岩、粘土矿物X射线衍射、低温氮气吸附实验等手段,结合有机地球化学等参数对邵阳凹陷二叠系页岩储层物性特征进行了深入的研究,并探讨了页岩储集物性的控制因素.分析结果表明:1)页岩矿物成分中普遍具较高的脆性矿物含量,这能提高页岩孔隙度,并有利于储层开发过程中的压裂,然而相对低的粘土矿物含量可能会降低页岩储层吸附性;2)页岩孔隙大小以微孔、中孔为主,两者贡献了绝大部分的比表面积、总孔体积,仅存在的少量大孔对于比表面积与总孔体积的影响较小.孔隙形态普遍为具平行板壁的狭缝形,且开放性良好.3)有机碳含量与粘土矿物含量是页岩比表面积、总孔体积的主要控制因素,平均孔径的分布特征与比表面积、总孔体积之间呈现一定反相关性,即越小平均孔径的页岩,能够提供的比表面积与总孔体积越大.热演化程度对于页岩孔隙发育的影响具正反两面性,在相关性分析并没有发现它们之间具明显的规律性.     

Combined perturbation on near-earth satellite orbits

Using a semi-analytical method, we have obtained a first-order solution of the equations of motion of near-Earth satellites under the combined perturbing effect due to Earth's figure and air drag.     

On the hawking evaporation of Dirac particles in Kerr-Newman spacetime

We have obtained a solution of the Dirac equation near the horizon of a Kerr-Newman black hole and compared it with the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation. We first generalized the work of LIU Liao and XU Dian-yan for a quasi-extreme Kerr black hole to a quasi-extreme Kerr-Newman black hole, then further generalized to a general Kerr-Newman black hole, and thereby verified that the Dirac particles emitted by a general Kerr-Newman black hole do have a black-body energy spectrum.     

Geomorphological site classification for the Fujian province

Geomorphological classification of the Fujian province was done based on remote-sensing imaging, digital elevation maps, and slope gradient data acquired by ArcGIS 9.2. The engineering geological units in the Fujian province were divided into five types by the geomorphologic shape and genesis. The relationship among geomorphological type, engineering geological unit, and site category was determined using engineering geological data and site category data. Then, after making a preliminary site classification adjusted by drill hole data, the site was classified into four types: I₀, I₁, II, and III according to site classification standards of equivalent shear-wave velocity and overburden thickness. The results showed that the site categories in the Fujian province mainly consist of type II, which accounts for 85.26 % of the land area. The percentage of I₀ was the smallest, which accounts for only 2.44 % of the total area.