Theis井流注水导致的含水层水平位移与应变

注水问题的含水层位移模型求解的难点在于边界条件的恰当处理。根据Theis定流量抽水与注水水流模型的反对称特性,假定注水位移模型的无限远通量边界与抽水位移模型的无限远通量边界也具有反对称性,从而得到Theis定流量注水的含水层位移模型解答,发现定流量注水与抽水的含水层骨架颗粒位移速度、累计位移量、径向应变及切向应变的解答均互为反号值。注水过程中含水层在径向有两种形变区,依次为膨胀区和挤压区。在膨胀区和挤压区的界限处,径向位移取得最大值。如果假定含水层顶底板不动,注水导致的地层相对位移足以产生水井或油井套管变形和折断破坏。注水时含水层在切向处于恒拉张状态,这可能导致井壁围岩产生径向放射状张裂缝。     

昆山市政府广场三维可视化解决方案

基于大比例尺航空立体相对提出昆山市政府及周边建筑群的建模方案,采用VirtuoZo数字摄影测量系统提取地面要素信息,在IMAGIS三维可视化地理信息系统下进行三维模型重建和编辑,在此基础上形成由CAD、GIS、三维影像数据集成的城市三维可视化处理方法,实现对三维场景进行实时漫游,并将漫游过程录制成动画,在Premiere中完成音频视频合成制作,形成最终多媒体产品。     

复杂岩性储层渗透率-应力敏感性及其对气井产能的影响

采用变流压定围压试验方式,在高温、高压条件下模拟了气藏开发过程,研究了复杂火山岩气藏储层渗透率应力敏感性,对比了变流压定围压与常规的定流压变围压方式评价储层应力敏感性的异同。试验结果表明,火山岩储层渗透率随着孔隙压力的减小而减小,渗透率减小主要发生在孔隙压力从40 MPa下降至25 MPa的变化区间,渗透率损失率与其初始渗透率之间的相关性较差,这与常规沉积砂岩储层具有一定的差别。变流压定围压试验评价的应力敏感性强于定流压变围压评价结果,气藏储层有效应力变化范围内两种试验评价的应力敏感性结果差异更大。基于渗流力学理论,推导得到考虑应力敏感性的气井产能方程。计算结果表明,考虑应力敏感性时气井无阻流量约为不考虑应力敏感性时的63.28%,应力敏感性对气井产能的影响随着生产压差的增大而增大。     

东海大桥大乌龟近岛段的工程地质施工勘察

通过对东海大桥大乌龟近岛段的施工勘察过程的介绍,总结了对于大型工程勘察项目中的施工技术与组织管理方面的经验与体会。     

内蒙古格勒敖包奥陶纪岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

内蒙古格勒敖包位于兴蒙造山带内,对该区奥陶纪岩浆岩的研究,有助于进一步认识该造山带早古生代的构造格局及其演化。正长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石年龄为441.6±3.7～454.9±4.6Ma,形成时代为奥陶纪。经地球化学分析,岩体为高钾钙碱性系列;铝饱和指数显示其为过铝质花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)Rb、Th、U、K,亏损Ba、Sr;富集高场强元素(HFSEs)La、Ce、Nd、Zr,亏损Nb、P、Ti;稀土元素总量为38.7×10~(-6)～120.23×10~(-6),轻稀土元素较重稀土元素分异明显,分馏程度较高,表现出较弱的负Eu异常。综合区域地质资料,认为格勒敖包奥陶纪岩浆源区为上地壳物质的部分熔融,其形成环境为弧后盆地,在古亚洲洋向北俯冲之后经历了岛弧岩浆作用旋回,为弧后伸张阶段的产物。     

舒兰煤田水曲柳区煤层气分布规律及利用方向浅析

舒兰煤田水曲柳区煤层气在平面上富气中心分布与富煤中心一致。该区煤层气属特低丰度、中等埋深的小型煤气田。适宜井下瓦斯抽采。可在建井后,在瓦斯富集部位煤层底板岩巷中,采用钻孔抽采方式,可回收近1.8亿m3煤层气,不但提高了资源的利用率,还将减少环境污染,提高了煤矿生产安全度,具有显著的经济意义和社会效益。     

桂北元宝山地区超镁铁岩的年代、源区及其地质意义

桂北元宝山地区超镁铁岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(841±22)Ma(2σ),与桂北三防-何家湾地区出露的镁铁-超镁铁侵入岩年龄(约825 Ma)接近,表明桂北地区出露的镁铁-超镁铁侵入岩具有基本一致的结晶年龄.超镁铁岩的岩石学和主量元素特征表明超镁铁岩是堆晶岩,其微量元素质量分数较低(＜NMORB),蛛网图上除了Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf亏损外,一般表现为平坦的分配曲线.超镁铁岩εNd(t)的变化范围为-1.0～6.5,表明超镁铁岩的母岩浆遭受了一定程度的地壳混染.元宝山地区超镁铁岩低的w(Th)/w(Nb)比值与原始地幔非常类似,而与大陆弧玄武岩浆的比值明显不同,推测元宝山地区超镁铁岩应形成于板内环境,而不是活动大陆边缘,其形成很可能与导致新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解的发生于约825 Ma的华南地幔柱有关.     

秦皇岛市的海岸类型与功能区划研究

依据实地调研资料及科学合理地利用海岸资源、经济效益、社会效益和环境效益平衡与最优化的原则,系统研究了秦皇岛市境内的海岸类型与特点,提出了秦皇岛海岸功能区的划分方案。通过对六大类海岸功能区的分布、资源优势、主要功能、环境保护、开发现状等方面深入研究,针对性提出了秦皇岛海岸开发存在的问题及未来开发方向的建议,为海岸资源的科学利用,沿海经济的可持续发展提供依据,推动河北省环渤海战略的有效实施。     

IMPACT OF STARVATION ON SURVIVAL, MEAT CONDITION AND METABOLISM OF CHLAMYS FARRERI

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＦｒｏｍｔｈｅ1990’ｓ,ｔｈｅｓｃａｌｌｏｐ,Ｃ.ｆａｒｒｅｒｉ,ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎＣｈｉｎａＳｅａ,ｄｅｔｅｒｉｏｒａｔｅｄｉｎｓｉｚｅ,ｈｅａｌｔｈａｎｄｏｕｔｐｕｔｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｈｉｇｈｓｔｏｃｋｉｎｇｄｅｎｓｉｔｉｅｓ,ｓｈｏｒｔａｇｅｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｆｏｏｄａｎｄｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.Ｍａｓｓｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｏｆ50%-90%ｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎＪｉａｏｚｈｏｕＢａｙ,Ｑｉｎｇｄａｏ,ａｎｄＳｉｓｈｉｌｉｗａｎＢａｙ,Ｙａｎｔａｉ,ｆｒｏｍＪｕｌｙｔｏ…     

Research Progress in Responses of Modern Terrestrial Plant Carbon Isotope Composition to Climate Change

Global climate change has been one of the most concerned environmental problems in the world since the 1980s. Since stable carbon composition (¹³C) in plant tissues can record abundant information on climate changes, it has been widely used as an important climate proxy in global change studies and becomes a powerful tool for obtaining paleoclimate information, understanding paleoenvironment reconstruction and modern climate change, and predicting future climate trends. However, a lot of potential uncertainties have always involved in the reconstruction of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment by carbon isotope of the past period sediment or fossils. Among them, the most dominant uncertainty is due to our poor understanding of the relations between carbon isotope ratios of plants and climatic factors and the climatic and environmental significance indicated by modern plant ¹³C. This may limit the application of plant ¹³C in the study of climatic and environmental changes. Based on the Summary of plant ¹³C fractionation and carbon isotope distribution of different photosynthetic plants, the effects of environmental factors, e.g., temperature, precipitation, atmospheric CO₂ concentration, and altitude on terrestrial plant ¹³C and their relationships were reviewed in this paper, and the response mechanism of plant ¹³C to climate changes were also analyzed. Furthermore, the current existing problems and the future prospects in carbon isotope study were discussed. It is pointed out that strengthening some studies such as the response of C₄ plants ¹³C to climate environmental parameters, the transformation relation of different scale plant ¹³C, intersection and permeation of related disciplines, and various proxies and scientific method, will undoubtedly make us have a more accurate understanding of the climate history and eventually broaden the development of the field during the process of global change study by plant carbon isotope techniques.