西藏革吉县尕尔穷铜金矿床地质特征及其成因意义

位于西藏阿里地区革吉县的尕尔穷铜金矿床是班公湖-怒江成矿带西段首个达到详查程度的大型铜金矿床。矿区发育三条断裂,其中F1和F2断层呈北东-南西向展布,F3断层为南北向展布。F1断裂产状复杂、延伸大于3000m,破碎带内发育的铜金矿体严格受其控制。目前,矿床主要由斑岩型钼(铜、金)矿体、接触带矽卡岩型铜金矿体、F1断裂破碎带内似IOCG型铁铜金矿体组成。不同矿体特征差别显著,斑岩型矿体主要产于石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩中,金属矿物以网脉状辉钼矿主,次为黄铜矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿;矿物组合有磁铁矿+黄铁矿、黄铜矿+辉钼矿。矽卡岩型矿体主要产于石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩与碳酸盐岩接触带,呈层状、似层状,金属矿物主要为细脉-网脉状黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉铜矿、铜蓝、自然铜、自然金、自然银,矿物组合为黄铜矿-磁铁矿-自然金、黄铜矿-斑铜矿-磁铁矿-自然金-银、黄铜矿-赤铁矿-自然金、辉钼矿、黄铜矿-自然金。破碎带内似IOCG型铁铜金矿体产于F1断裂破碎带,呈似层状,金属矿物以细脉-网脉状矿石和角砾状赤铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉铜矿、铜蓝、自然金为主;矿物组合为黄铜矿-自然金、黄铜矿-斑铜矿-自然金-银矿、赤铁矿-磁铁矿-自然金、黄铜矿-自然金。根据矿床地质特征,综合前人研究资料,本文对矿床的成因进行了进一步探讨,认为尕尔穷铜金矿床是晚白垩世班怒洋关闭后南羌塘-三江复合板片与冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片之间弧-陆碰撞阶段形成的,具有与钾玄岩-高钾钙碱性闪长类岩体、陆-陆同碰撞钾玄岩-高钾钙碱性重熔型花岗斑岩有成因密切联系的构造-岩浆岩"三位一体"的成矿特征,即主矿体赋存于斑岩、矽卡岩、构造破碎带中形成的"斑岩-矽卡岩-似IOCG"型铜金矿床。     

中国科学院固体地球科学知识创新工程现状与发展态势

回顾了中国科学院国家知识创新试点工程实施以来特别是启动阶段3年里固体地球科学知识创新工程试点各项工作的进展情况，包括项目与经费、创新成果、人才吸引、科研竞争力提升、院地合作推进等方面，分析和总结了中国科学院固体地球科学知识创新工程现状，并展望了固体地球科学知识创新工程若干重要发展态势。     

THE STUDY OF STORM RAINFALL CAUSED BY INTERACTION BETWEEN THE NON-ZONAL HIGH LEVEL JET STREAK AND TYPHOON IN THE DISTANCE

In this paper, statistics were analyzed concerning correlation between the storm rainfall far from typhoon and non-zonal upper-level jet stream. The results show that the jet stream at 200 hPa is constantly SW (90.2 %) during the period in which storm rainfall occurs. Rainfall area lies in the right rear regions of the jet axes. While the storm intensifies, the jet tends to be stronger and turn non-zonal. With the MM4 model, numerical simulation and diagnosis were carried out for Typhoon No.9711 (Winnie) on August 19 to 20, 1997. The distant storm rainfall is tightly correlative to the jet and low-level typhoon trough. The divergence field of jet is related to the v component. The upper level can cause the allobaric wind convergence at low level. This is the result of the form of low-level typhoon trough and the strength of the storm. By scale analysis, it is found that there is a branch of middle scale transverse inverse circulation in the right entrance regions behind the jet below the 300-hPa level, which is very important to the maintenance and strengthening of storm rainfall. This branch of inverse circulation is relative to the reinforcement of jet's non-zonal characteristics. From the field of mesoscale divergence field and non-zonal wind field, we know that the stronger symmetry caused by transverse circulation in the two sides of the jet, rainfall’s feedback and reinforcement of jet’s non-zonal characteristics had lead to positive feedback mechanism that was favorable of storm rainfall’s strengthening.     

2007/2008年冬季雨雪冰冻灾害的副热带高压环流背景与变异特征

基于NCEP/NCAR提供的1958—2008年逐日再分析资料,对2007/2008年冬季我国雨雪冰冻灾害期间副高指数特征与El Nino/La Nina年平均冬半年副高指数特征以及50a平均冬半年副高指数特征进行对比分析。采用交叉小波和小波相干分析方法,进一步分析了它们之间的相关性和异同性以及对大气环流的影响,揭示了2007/2008年我国南方雨雪冰冻灾害期间副热带高压活动与环流变异特性的一些基本特征,如La Nina事件冬季(尤其是中等强度La Nina事件年份的冬季),副高通常比一般年份副高的平均位置偏北。     

Phase Equilibria Constraints on Relations of Ore-bearing Intrusionswith Flood Basalts in the Panxi Region, Southwestern China

There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province (LIP); namely, small uitramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element (PGE)-bearing sulfide deposits and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Ti-V magnetite deposits in the Panxi region. However, except for their coeval ages, the genetic relations between the ore-bearing intrusions and extrusive rocks are poorly understood. Phase equilibria analysis (Q-PI-OI-Opx-Cpx system) has been carried out to elucidate whether ore-bearing Panzhihua, Xinjie and Limahe intrusions are co-magmatic with the picrites and flood basalts (including high-Ti, low-Ti and alkali basalts), respectively. In this system, the parental magma can be classified as silica-undersaturated olivine basalt and silica-saturated tholeiite. The equivalents of the parental magma of the Xinjie and Limahe peridotites and picrites and iow-Ti basalts are silica-undersaturated, whereas the Limahe gabbro-diorites and high-Ti basalts are silica-saturated. In contrast, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be alkali character. Phase equilibria relations clearly show that the magmas that formed the Panzhihua intrusion and high-Ti basalts cannot be co-magmatic as there is no way to derive one liquid from another by fractional crystallization. On the other hand, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be related to Permian alkali intrusions in the region, but does not appear to be related to the alkali basalts recognized in the Longzhoushan lava stratigraphy. Comparably, the Limabe intrusion appears to be a genetic relation to the picrites, whereas the Xinjie intrusion may be genetically related to be low-Ti basaits. Additionally, the gabbro-diorites and peridotites of the Limahe intrusion are not co-magmatic, and the former appears to be derived liquid from high-Ti basalts.     

基于GIS的地下水易污性评价系统

介绍了基于MapGIS开发的地下水易污性DRAMTICH评价系统,说明地下水易污性评价软件(GW-VAS)的基本框架、主要功能、组成部分、系统特点以及使用方法。该系统还对DRASTIC等其它常见的地下水易污性评价方法进行了综合集成,克服了单一方法缺乏对比性的不足,提高了评价结果的客观性、科学性和实用性。并将该方法应用于黄水河流域,利用传统的权重评分法和本文开发的方法进行了对比,结果表明,系统通用性好,方法实用性强。 更多还原     

国内外煤炭地下气化技术现状及新奥攻关进展

介绍了国内外煤层地下气化的发展状况及最新进展,阐明了煤炭地下气化的优越性及技术发展过程中的坎坷历程,指出煤炭地下气化（UCG）是解决传统煤炭开采方法存在的一系列技术和环境问题的重要途径。介绍了新奥无井式煤炭地下气化技术攻关成果,展望了地下气化采煤的前景。     

四氢呋喃水合物沉积物静动力学性质试验研究

利用研制的天然气水合物沉积物合成与力学性质测试一体化试验设备,以粉细砂土和蒙古砂土作为沉积物骨架,对四氢呋喃(THF)水合物沉积物进行了静动三轴试验,获得了水合物分解前后沉积物样品的应力-应变关系、强度和液化特性,对两种骨架的水合物沉积物的性质进行了对比,同时将水合物分解后的沉积物与对应的饱和土的动三轴试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：水合物沉积物均表现为塑性破坏;围压越大,水合物沉积物强度越高;水合物分解导致沉积物的强度大幅降低;水合物分解后沉积物液化所需的时间较饱和水沉积物缩短     

中天山巴仑台地区变形花岗岩类LA-ICP-MS-U-Pb年代学及其构造意义

本文对巴仑台地区中天山南北边缘的变形花岗岩体进行了详细的锆石LA-ICP-MS-U-Pb年代学研究。中天山北缘花岗质片麻岩中岩浆锆石结晶年龄为630.0±5.0 Ma,代表了中天山微陆基底的新元古代岩浆事件年龄;其变质增生锆石边的年龄为440.9±3.3 Ma,精确限定了中天山北缘洋盆闭合与碰撞造山作用的时代为早志留世。中天山南缘糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩中岩浆锆石结晶年龄为389.5±3.2 Ma,指示出中天山南缘洋壳在中泥盆世向北俯冲形成陆缘岩浆弧;其变质增生锆石边的年龄为362.1±4.3 Ma,精确限定了中天山南缘洋盆闭合与碰撞造山作用的时代为晚泥盆世末期。研究结果还表明中天山微陆块具有年龄为2.5Ga和1.8Ga的古老结晶基底。     

重力勘探中近区地形改正数据测量方法的试验

针对重力勘探中近区地形改正的重要性以及至今没有效果较好的地形改正方法,笔者采用四种方法(目估、激光测距仪、森林罗盘仪、RTK)分别从人工、使用仪器、用时、精度及综合的台效方面进行了详细分析,总结了各种方法的优缺点,为近区地改提供了较好的应用和示范效果.