鲁西北地区理疗热矿水的形成条件及找矿靶区

鲁西北地区赋存发育碳酸盐岩类裂隙-岩溶型与砂岩类裂隙-孔隙型2种理疗热矿水,碳酸盐岩类裂隙-岩溶型理疗热矿水主要为氟·锶水;砂岩类裂隙-孔隙型理疗热矿水主要为锶水和溴·锶水。根据对理疗热矿水形成条件的分析,研究区内的鲁西地块阳谷-齐河凸起与坳(凹)陷区内的顶部风化壳岩溶发育的基底凸起(潜山)是碳酸盐岩类裂隙-岩溶型理疗热矿水的找矿靶区;华北坳陷区内深大断裂及坳(凹)陷边缘较大断裂附近的次级构造发育区是砂岩类裂隙-孔隙型理疗热矿水的找矿靶区。     

开采沉陷土体变形与孔隙水压相互作用研究进展

本文通过实验、实测和理论分析研究了开采沉陷土体变形与孔隙水压力之间的相互作用,结果表明,随着开采的进行,土体的应力变形发生变化造成了超静孔隙水压力的产生和消散,反映在土体变形上出现随开采时间延续而发展的附加压缩和膨胀变形,这种压缩或膨胀在土体的不同部位相互叠加,有时还叠加了底部含水层水位下降引起的地面下沉。这些结果揭示了厚松散含水层地区开采沉陷特殊性的机理,对开采沉陷预测及水体下采煤具有重要意义。     

玛曲县格尔柯金矿床控矿地质条件及其矿床成因探讨

格尔柯金矿 (即大水金矿 )是产于西秦岭南带西倾山—迭山逆冲褶断带南缘的特大型金矿。矿床控矿地质条件为构造单元界断裂带、深源浅成花岗闪长斑岩小侵入体、下三叠统马热松多组 (T1m)碳酸盐岩沉积建造 ,与金矿关系密切的矿化蚀变有硅化、赤铁矿化、褐铁矿化和方解石化 ;矿床成因类型为层控—热水溶滤构造蚀变岩型。     

EFFECTS OF SPRING SOIL MOISTURE IN THE INDOCHINA PENINSULA ON SUMMER PRECIPITATION OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND ITS SURROUNDING AREAS: A SIMULATION STUDY FOR 1999

Using the regional climate model RegCM4.4.5, coupled with the land model CLM4.5, we investigated the effects of springtime soil moisture in the Indochina Peninsula on summer precipitation over the South China Sea and its surrounding areas in 1999. Results have indicated that there exists positive correlation between soil moisture and summer precipitation over the western Pacific Ocean and negative correlation between soil moisture and summer precipitation over the eastern Indian Ocean. Summer precipitation in the South China Sea and its surrounding areas responds to springtime soil moisture in the Indochina Peninsula (the northwest region is critical) because general atmospheric circulation is sensitive to the near-surface thermodynamic state. Increased (decreased) soil moisture would result in decreased (increased) local surface temperatures. Latitudinal, small-scale land–sea thermal differences would then result in northeasterly wind (southwesterly wind) anomalies in the upper layer and southwesterly wind (northeasterly wind) anomalies in the lower layer, which strengthen (weaken) monsoon development. As a result, precipitation would enter the Western Pacific region earlier (later), and water vapor over the eastern Indian Ocean would enter the South China Sea earlier (later), causing a precipitation reduction (increase) in the eastern Indian Ocean and increase (reduction) in the Western Pacific.     

青海北祁连区中三叠世孢粉的发现及其意义

祁连县俄博乡土圈沟、大擦汗沟、柯柯里等剖面的粉砂岩、砂质页岩、泥质页岩岩层之中，首次发现丰富的孢粉化石，计39属74种(其中包括1新种)，疑源类8属9种。推出Verrucosisporites(8．6％)-Triadispora(2％)-Trematosphaeridium(7．2％)的孢粉组合。该孢粉组合面貌应归于中三叠世Anisian期。它的发现为该套地层的进一步研究与合理归属提供了最新成果。     

象力在震源过程和地震短临预报中的作用

在固体物理学中,象力是指自由面吸引裂缝的力量,本文把这一概念用于不均匀地壳中,则象力可定义为地壳中任何易于变形,让位界面对裂缝的吸引力。按照这一观点,我们讨论了象力在组合模式和短临预报中的作用并得到如下结论。1.组合模式中的应力调整单元,如蠕滑断层,塑性区,裂丛区等可以近似为自由面。因而它对于积累单元预位移的传播或裂缝的传播具有吸引力。2.象力出现的标志是当传播的预位移和裂缝端部产生的动态应力场达及调整单元时,此时调整单元发生形变监产生前兆。当裂缝由深处向浅处传播,其端部的动态应力场达及自由面时,此时自由面用形变来满足自由面条件从而引起前兆。本文的讨论表明,震源两端的调整单元的同时性表明大震的发生为期不远了。因此调整单元对于预位移和裂缝的传播具有监视作用。本文以海城地震前兆特征为例讨论了这个问题。并由此认为组合模式中调整单元的象力作用比单向蠕裂断层面向震源区的传播更符合实际情况。     

南北地震带南段远震P波走时层析成像研究

南北地震带南段位于青藏高原东南缘,是青藏高原与扬子克拉通的过渡地带.本文收集了该区域内90个固定台站和356个流动台站的远震波形数据,采用波形互相关方法拾取了88691个P波走时残差数据,应用FMTT(Fast Marching Teleseismic Tomography)层析成像方法获取了南北地震带南段深部的三维P波速度结构.结果显示了研究区深部的结构具有显著的不均匀性:腾冲火山地区深部400 km以浅的深度内分布着明显的低速异常;四川盆地西南部下方300 km内具有较强的高速异常;在上地幔顶部,沿川滇菱形块体周边的大型断裂带及川滇菱形块体南端分布着显著的低速异常,这些低速异常为青藏高原物质向东南方向挤出提供了必要的通道;保山地块下方存在一东倾的高速异常带,该高速异常带为印度板块岩石圈向东俯冲的体现.     

Remote forcing of Indian Ocean warming on Northwest Pacific during E1 Nino decaying years： a FOAM model approach

This paper attempts to analyze in detail the remote influence of the Indian Ocean Basin warming on the Northwest Pacific （NWP） during the year of decaying E1 Nifio. Observation data and the Fast Ocean- Atmosphere coupled Model 1.5 were used to investigate the triggering conditions under which the remote influence is formed between the positive sea surface temperature （SST） anomaly in the North Indian Ocean and the Anomalous Northwest Pacific anticyclone （ANWPA）. Our research show that it is only when there is a contributory background wind field over the Indian Ocean, i,e., when the Indian Summer Monsoon （ISM） reaches its peak, that the warmer SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean incites significant easterly wind anomalies in the lower atmosphere of the Indo-West tropical Pacific. This then produces the remote influence on the ANWPA. Therefore, the SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean might interfere with the prediction of the East Asia Summer Monsoon in the year of decaying E1 Nifio. Both the sustaining effect of local negative SST anomalies in the NWP, and the remote effect of positive SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean on the ANWPA, should be considered in further research.     

局部最优形态参数的RBF分块地形插值方法与实验

径向基函数（Radial Basis Function,RBF）是一种不需对数据做任何假设,能准确逼近任意维度数据的空间插值方法。其特别适合于复杂地形的数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Model,DEM）插值重建,但随着已知点数量的增加会导致插值模型求解困难或缓慢。针对这个问题,本文基于二叉树自适应递归分块原理,采用局部最优形态参数的RBF分块插值方法进行DEM插值重建。首先,设定子区域最小点数阈值和相邻子区域的重叠率,自顶向下,对研究区域进行递归分块,构建区域分块二叉树,对二叉树叶子节点区域,采用逐点交叉验证（Leave One Out Cross Validation,LOOCV）方法求解其最优形态参数,建立局部RBF最优插值模型;然后,根据单元分解原理,采用加权平均方法对相应叶子节点区域内的待插值点高程进行加权求和,自底向上递归求解,得到待插值点最终高程值。以云南某地区DEM进行插值实验表明,采用本文方法进行DEM插值重建,稳定性较好,插值精度高。     

我国岩溶煤矿床的突水及防治

我国岩溶类煤矿床突水频繁,突水量大,为了防治突水水患,依据不同矿区的自然条件、经济技术条件,采用相应的防治水技术和方法,可有效地减低突水危害程度,相对增强防患能力,节省排水费用和利于矿山环境保护。