hairy和hedgehog在单环刺蜢幼虫体节形成过程中的表达特征分析

hairy作为成对控制基因参与果蝇等体节动物的体节形成;体节极性基因hedgehog是节肢动物和环节动物体节边界维持的关键基因。本研究分析了单环刺螠hairy的序列特征以及hairy和hedgehog在其幼虫体节发生过程中的时空表达特征,结果显示:单环刺螠Hairy序列中含有保守的HLH结构域、Hairy_orange结构域和四肽WRPW;其mRNA在早期体节幼虫中的表达量显著高于晚期担轮幼虫,并且定位于每个体节的边界处。单环刺螠hedgehog mRNA在体节幼虫中的表达水平显著高于早期体节幼虫,并且呈现保守的体节边界表达特征。研究结果表明,hairy和hedgehog在单环刺螠幼虫体节中的表达图式与小头虫等典型体节动物中的表达图式基本一致。     

风沙流中沙粒浓度分布的实验研究

利用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）,在风洞内对与天然沙接近的石英沙风沙流沙颗粒浓度沿高度分布进行了研究。对 3种不同轴线风速研究结果表明,风沙流中沙粒浓度沿水平方向基本不变,而随高度呈指数衰减,而且其衰减速率与风速密切相关。风速越大,衰减速率越慢;风速越小,衰减速率越快。风沙运动一旦发生时,靠近沙床表面的沙粒浓度随风速变化很小,可以认为趋于稳定,达到最大值。     

滇西北地区富碱岩体(脉)地质学及岩石化学特征

喜山期富碱岩体广布于滇西北地区 ,通过对其地质学和岩石化学特征的研究 ,认为富碱岩体 (脉 )由正长 (斑 )岩、二长斑岩、花岗斑岩及相关的火山岩组成 ,具有多次活动的特征 ,并形成区内富有特色的岩浆岩系列 ;该系列岩浆岩以富碱高钾为突出特点 ,具有正常的岩浆演化趋势 ,不同岩带岩石地质学和岩石化学方面有区域性变化规律。     

Granule ripples in the Kumtagh Desert,China: Morphology,grain size and influencing factors

Granule ripples are found mainly in four regions of the Kumtagh Desert in China; they are characterized by an asymmetrical shape, with gentle lower slopes on both sides and abrupt crests. The ripples tend to be oriented perpendicular to the prevailing winds, except when they form near obstacles such as yardangs. The wavelengths (λ) range between 0·31 m and 26 m and heights (h) range from 0·015 m to 1 m. The relationship between wavelength and height can be described by a simple linear function, and the mean ripple index (λ/h) is about 20·4 for the study sites. The sediments are poorly sorted, with negative to very negative skewness at lee and stoss slopes and between‐ripple troughs, which confirms the ‘poured in’ and ‘shadow’ appearance described by previous researchers. The bimodal or trimodal distributions of grains (with modes of ?1·16φ, ?0·5φ and 3·16φ) and the enrichment of coarse particles at the ripple surface (with coarse granule contents ranging between 5·2% and 62·1%) indicate that the underlying layer is the original sediment source and that the granule ripples resist erosional processes. Although the impact of saltating particles and, consequently, the creep and reptation of coarse grains are responsible for granule ripple initiation at a micro‐scale, however, the characteristics of local sediments, wind regimes and topographical obstacles, as well as the feedbacks among bedform and airflow, more strongly affect the development and alignment of granule ripples at a macro‐scale.     

赣南银坑山铀矿点地球化学特征及其找矿意义

银坑山铀矿点位于赣南九龙嶂火山盆地南东边缘,矿体呈脉状,水云母化、赤铁矿化明显.与围岩相比,矿石的Al2O3、SiO2含量降低,Fe2O3(FeO)、MnO、CaO、S、Cl呈富集趋势,Mo、Ag、Th为主要伴生组分.从矿化蚀变组合特征看,银坑山矿点属岩浆热液型,且位于岩浆热液成矿系统的上部,深部具成矿前景.     

南岭东段龙源坝复式岩体La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

龙源坝岩体是南岭花岗岩体群的一个重要组成部分,位于南岭东段,研究程度十分薄弱,至今未见可靠的同位素年龄报道。本文在运用阴极发光技术对岩体中的锆石进行细致的内部结构分析的基础上,利用La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb原位定年方法进行了同位素年龄测定。结果表明,龙源坝岩体是一个印支期—燕山期多期次岩浆侵入形成的复式岩体,其中主体形成于印支期,尤其是印支早期。印支早期花岗岩的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为241.0±5.9Ma和241.0±1.3Ma(两个样品),印支晚期花岗岩为210.9±3.8Ma,燕山期正长岩为149.4±1.2Ma。龙源坝岩体在时代和成因上不同于其东侧的陂头岩体,但相同于北侧的诸广山岩体有亲缘关系,因此在探讨该区的铀成矿前景时,应把诸广山与龙源坝两岩体整合起来考虑,并加强对龙源坝岩体的铀矿找矿工作。     

Origin of a metamorphosed lithic clast in CM chondrite Grove Mountains 021536

Abstract– A metamorphosed lithic clast was discovered in the CM chondrite Grove Mountains 021536, which was collected in the Antarctica by the Chinese Antarctic Research Exploration team. The lithic clast is composed mainly of Fe‐rich olivine (Fo₆₂) with minor diopside (Fs_9.7–11.1Wo_48.3–51.6), plagioclase (An_43–46.5), nepheline, merrillite, Al‐rich chromite (21.8 wt% Al₂O₃; 4.43 wt% TiO₂), and pentlandite. Δ¹⁷O values of olivine in the lithic clast vary from ?3.9‰ to ?0.8‰. Mineral compositions and oxygen isotopic compositions of olivine suggest that the lithic clast has an exotic source different from the CM chondrite parent body. The clast could be derived from strong thermal metamorphism of pre‐existing chondrule that has experienced low‐temperature anhydrous alteration. The lithic clast is similar in mineral assemblage and chemistry to a few clasts observed in oxidized CV3 chondrites (Mokoia and Yamato‐86009) and might have been derived from the interior of the primitive CV asteroid. The apparent lack of hydration in the lithic clast indicates that the clast accreted into the CM chondrite after hydration of the CM components.     

基于重整化群方法的红层软岩损伤破坏逾渗阈值研究

逾渗现象广泛存在于大自然中,当物体中起决定性作用的关键变量变化至某一阈值时,其状态发生突变,此时关键变量的临界值称为逾渗阈值。岩石在水的作用下的损伤破坏过程中存在着逾渗现象,可通过重整化群的方法来研究。本文针对华南地区广泛分布的红层软岩,探讨了其在损伤过程中的逾渗现象与破坏的本质关联。通过对典型红层软岩的微观结构分析,概化出红层软岩的骨架构件和胶结物构件,建立红层软岩的重整化群模型的基本单元,将基本单元进行组合,建立出红层软岩的重整化群模型。根据重整化变换规则,推导计算出其逾渗阈值。研究表明:当红层软岩在荷载条件下的破坏临近逾渗阈值时,其内部结构发生大量破坏,软岩内部从无序损伤突变为有序损伤,继之损伤破坏加剧,由稳定破坏向非稳定破坏突变,最终导致其失稳破坏。研究对揭示红层软岩损伤破坏机理具有重要意义。     

湖南隆回县土壤硒元素地球化学特征及其影响因素:以石门-滩头镇为例

湖南省隆回县石门-滩头两个乡镇的土地质量地球化学调查共采集表层土壤样品699件,农产品样45件以及4个土壤垂向剖面,系统分析了表层土壤以及农产品中硒元素的含量特征,并探讨了土壤硒元素含量与成土母质、土地利用方式、土壤酸碱度以及有机质之间的关系.结果表明:区内土壤表层硒含量平均值为0.67 mg·kg-1,高于全国背景值...     

雷达定量估测降水的亮带自动消除改进方法

层状云降水中,0 ℃层融化效应会引起雷达反射率因子局部增大,若不进行订正,则会高估雷达估测的降水.本文提出一种基于新一代天气雷达反射率因子垂直廓线的0 ℃层亮带自动识别与订正算法,以减小因亮带造成的降水高估.本研究首先对降水类型进行分类,在SHY95的基础上增加了垂直方向的反射率因子三维特征,避免亮带的反射率因子高值区被误识别为对流云区;其次,在层状云区识别出一个可能的亮带影响区,在其中查找亮带,采用旋转坐标系法精确的识别亮带的顶、底高度;最后,利用最小二乘法拟合亮带上、下层的斜率,平滑垂直廓线(VPR,Vertical Profile of Reflectivity)的显著突出部分.将该方法应用于北京地区2010—2011年10次包含亮带的降水过程,得到的亮带订正后的均方根误差E_RMS、平均绝对误差E_RMA、平均相对误差B_RM值较初值均有显著减小(分别减小1.538 mm,0.417和0.468).结果表明,该方法能够有效地识别与订正亮带,使得定量测量降水精度有所提高.