Diel Patterns in Chlorophyll <Emphasis Type="Italic">a</Emphasis> Specific Absorption Coefficient and Absorption Efficiency Factor of Picoplankton

Diel patterns in the chlorophyll a specific absorption coefficient of surface picoplankton, a*_pico (γ) (m²·[mg chlorophyll a]⁻¹), were studied at 7 stations under daily cycle of in situ light condition in the western subarctic Pacific and Japan Sea. All the data were normalized by dividing the anomaly with daily averaged a*_pico (γ). Opposite diel patterns were observed for the normalized a*_pico (443) and a*_pico (675) with maximum toward dawn or dusk and minimum toward midday at 4 stations under low-irradiance (LI) conditions and vice versa at 3 stations under high-irradiance (HI) conditions. The absorption efficiency factors at red absorption peak, Q _a (675), were determined by reconstruction with intracellular chlorophyll a concentration and cell diameter. The normalized Q _a (675) also showed diel pattern with maximum toward midday and minimum toward dawn or dusk under LI. The diel pattern in a*_pico (675) and Q _a (675) were primarily caused by changes in intracellular chlorophyll a concentration due to photoadaptation under LI. The diel pattern in a*_pico (443) was influenced by pigmentation, as recognized by blue to red ratio [a*_pico (443)/a*_pico (675)] under HI. This study proposed that the opposite diel pattern in a*_pico (γ) might occur for a wide range of algal species. The results presented here have important consequences for the interpretation of diel variations in optical properties observed in the open ocean.     

ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBON-DEGRADATION BACTERIA IN XIAMEN HARBOR

The ecology of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were investigated during five cruises in Xiamen Harbor. The results demonstrated that number of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were 2.1×102-7.5×106 cell/1 and 1.7×102-1.5×106 ceil/g dry and hetcrotrophic bacteria were 3.0× 104-5.9× 109 cell/1 and 2.53× 103-5.0× 103 cell/g dry in seawater and sediment respectively. The isolated strains which can degrade the petroleum belong to fifteen genera. Most, strains can only degsade one kind of hydro- carbon or petroleum. The results showed that the population and the species-composition of hydro carbon-degrading microorganisms were positively correlated with existing level of oil pollution and with water temperature, but independent of total microbtat count.     

DISCUSSION ON THE PLEISTOCENE HIGH SEA LEVEL ABOUT THE SHANDONG PENINSULA

It has for many years been controversial whether there was a Pleistocene high sea level on the Shandong Peninsula. Our investigations in recent years suggest that the red sandy sediments distributed around the Yuanyaodun village, Weihai County, the "Liukuang Red Bed" and the loess-like deposits near Penglai County should be terrestrial deposits, and there is will not a convincing evidence to confirm that abrasion landforms found above the 10m elevation oa the coast are of marine origin. From these, it is still not safe to say that a high sea level had occurred in the Shandong Peninsula during the Pleistocene.     

崎岖列岛附近海域环境质量现状与分析

根据 2 0 0 1年 2月和 7月对崎岖列岛附近海域的水质和底质表层沉积物调查结果 ,采用环境质量单项评价标准指数法 ,对该海域环境质量现状进行了评价与分析。结果表明 :(1 )该海域水质的 p H值、溶解氧和石油类等环境因子基本符合一类海水水质标准 ,化学需氧量、活性磷酸盐和无机氮浓度则超标严重 ,该海域水质已处于严重富营养化状态 (夏季比冬季富营养化程度略低 ) ;(2 )该海域底质表层沉积物中除部分站位的重金属 Cu、 Zn含量超标外 ,有机质、石油类和重金属 Pb、 Cd、 Hg的含量均未超标 ,底质环境状况尚好     

海浪的条件特征周期

在海浪波面高度为正态分布的假定下,导出一种以给定波高为条件的条件周期概率密度函数.与风浪槽中测量数据比较,结果表明,在窄谱情况下此概率密度函数与实验室风浪的实际符合良好.根据此密度函数定义了3种条件特征周期,并导出它们与平均周期的关系式.根据这些关系对有关海洋工程上的一些问题作了解释和讨论.     

鱼类寄生宫脂属线虫分种检索表

本文对宫脂属线虫的研究历史进行了简单的回顾,井论述了该属线虫分类中常用的一些形态学特征。依据2005年以前发表的有关宫脂属线虫的原始资料.分析了宫脂属线虫各种的形态学特征(主要包括:侧翼的有无,尾乳突的数目和分布.尾尖有无尾饰.肠盲囊和胃盲囊及食道的比值.交合刺的长度以及与体长的比值等),依据这些分类学特征编制了该属种的分类检索表。     

亚热带沿海景观的旅游保护性开发及建设探讨--以福建沿海为例

依据地貌学和风景学的角度,福建沿海景观以闽江口和九龙江口为界可分为3个景观亚区,并具有多样性与复杂性、动态性与脆弱性和关联性与分异性等特征.本文运用景观生态的原理研究沿海景观的构成与格局,在沿海景观的分类和特征概括的基础上,探讨福建沿海景观旅游开发与建设的模式.通过维护沿海景观系统的稳定,优化沿海各景观亚区的分布格局,提高沿海景观的整体舒适性和挖掘文化景观的内涵等应对措施以实现福建沿海旅游的科学发展.     

珠江口沉积物酸挥发性硫化物与重金属生物毒性的研究

研究了2003年10月采于珠江口5个站位的沉积物剖面酸挥发性硫化物(AVS)和同时提取的重金属(SEM:Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd,Ni)。其中,站位1、2位于中滩,其沉积物的AVS含量变化范围较小,为0.25—4.06μmol.g-1;站位3、4位于西滩,其沉积物的AVS含量变化范围较大,为0—26.09μmol.g-1。中滩和西滩沉积物的AVS含量均随深度增加。西滩表层沉积物的AVS含量接近于零,这可能与该水域较强的底层流和沉积物的再悬浮作用有关。站位5位于珠江口外侧,其表层沉积物的AVS含量相对较高,且垂向变化较小,可能是还原性沉积物间歇性再悬浮后重新沉积的结果。站位1、2和5沉积物中同时提取的重金属含量大体在0.95±0.2μmol.g-1范围内,随深度增加略呈下降趋势;而西滩沉积物重金属含量相对较高,为1.43—2.42μmol.g-1,且在一定深度范围内随深度增加呈明显下降的趋势,表明珠江口西滩沉积物中的重金属污染有加重的趋势。对AVS/SEM摩尔比值和单个金属的毒性效应研究显示,珠江口内尤其是西滩的表层沉积物存在重金属污染,对其中生活的底栖生物具有潜在的毒性效应。     

渤海三维海洋温度和海流数值预报

"十·五"期间,我国开展了三维海洋温度和海流数值预报的业务化研究工作.经过3年的努力,渤海三维海洋温度和海流数值预报系统研制完成,并于2003年10月,开始试预报.本文对该预报系统以及运行情况进行了介绍,并分析了所存在的问题和发展方向.     

用包埋脱水法冰冻保存海洋饵料金藻

用包埋脱水法冰冻保存绿色巴夫藻(Pavlova uiridis)、湛江等鞭金藻(Isochrysis zhanjiangensis)和球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana 3011)等三种海洋饵料金藻，探讨了脱水速率、胶球含水量以及化冻后恢复方法对冰冻保存存活率的影响。结果表明，三种藻都在-0．9％含水量／h的平均脱水速率下获得最高存活率：各种藻在冰冻前的胶球最佳含水量不同，绿色巴夫藻为35％，湛江等鞭金藻和球等鞭金藻都为30％。化冻后，含绿色巴夫藻的胶球在培养基中22℃暗放置48h存活率最高；另两种藻在相对湿度为75％的气相中22℃暗放置12h存活率最高。在本实验条件下，绿色巴夫藻、湛江等鞭金藻和球等鞭金藻的冰冻保存的存活率可分别达到74％、15％和17％。