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11.
M. M. Smirnova K. G. Rubinshtein V. P. Yushkov 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2011,36(12):777-785
Carried out is the comparison of the temporal courses of temperature and wind speed at different levels as well as of the
wind and temperature profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer obtained from the WRF regional model forecasts and using the
upper-air in situ and remote measurements in Moscow region. The errors in temperature and wind speed forecasts at different
levels are computed as well as the statistical estimates of the forecast of temperature inversions, atmospheric stratification
types, and monthly mean wind speed profiles on the basis of model forecasts and acoustic sounding. 相似文献
12.
V. P. Yushkov M. A. Kallistratova R. D. Kouznetsov G. A. Kurbatov V. F. Kramar 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2007,43(2):168-180
The experience of long-term acoustic remote measurements of vertical wind-velocity profiles at two sites in Moscow is reported. Equipment performances and measurement conditions are described. Acoustic measurement features characteristic of a large city with high traffic noise and spurious reflections from buildings are discussed. Criteria and techniques of rejecting noisy and false signals are described as well as the methods of statistical data processing suitable in the case of a signal-to-noise ratio rapidly varying in time and a significant number of rejected signals. Preliminary results of measurements are given. 相似文献
13.
S. N. Kuznetsov L. L. Lazutin U. Manninen A. N. Podorolsky A. Ranta S. N. Samsonov A. V. Shirochkov B. Yu. Yushkov 《Solar System Research》2007,41(5):433-438
The fluxes and penetration boundaries of solar energetic particles on the CORONAS-F satellite during October 2003 superstorms are compared with the riometric absorption measurements on a worldwide network of riometers. The dynamics of the polar cap boundaries is investigated at various phases of magnetic storms. The dependence of absorption on time of the day and on solar proton spectrum is calculated at various phases of a solar energetic particle event. 相似文献
14.
S. N. Kuznetsov I. N. Myagkova B. Yu. Yushkov Yu. I. Denisov E. A. Murav’eva K. Kudela 《Solar System Research》2007,41(4):338-347
The results of an experimental study of the variations in the intensity of the fluxes of the Earth radiation belt (ERB) particles in 0.3–6 and 1–50 MeV energy intervals for electrons and protons, respectively, are reported. ERBs were studied during strong magnetic storms from August 2001 through November 2003. The results of the CORONAS-F mission obtained during the magnetic storms of November 6 (D st = ?257 nT) and November 24, 2001 (D st = ?221 nT), October 29–30 (D st = ?400 nT) and November 20, 2003 (D st = ?465 nT) are analyzed. The electron flux is found to decrease abruptly in the outer radiation belt during the main phase of the magnetic storms under consideration. During the recovery phase, the outer radiation belt is found to recover much closer to Earth, near the boundary of the penetration of solar electrons during the main phase of the magnetic storm. We associate the decrease in the electron flux with the abrupt decrease of the size of the magnetosphere during the main phase of the storm. Note that, in all cases studied, the Earth radiation belts exhibited rather long (several days) variations. In those cases where solar cosmic-ray fluxes were observed during the storm, protons with energies 1–5 MeV could be trapped to form an additional maximum of protons with such energies at L >2. 相似文献
15.
S. Masson K.-L. Klein R. Bütikofer E. Flückiger V. Kurt B. Yushkov S. Krucker 《Solar physics》2009,257(2):305-322
The origin of relativistic solar protons during large flare/CME events has not been uniquely identified so far. We perform
a detailed comparative analysis of the time profiles of relativistic protons detected by the worldwide network of neutron
monitors at Earth with electromagnetic signatures of particle acceleration in the solar corona during the large particle event
of 20 January 2005. The intensity – time profile of the relativistic protons derived from the neutron monitor data indicates
two successive peaks. We show that microwave, hard X-ray, and γ-ray emissions display several episodes of particle acceleration within the impulsive flare phase. The first relativistic
protons detected at Earth are accelerated together with relativistic electrons and with protons that produce pion-decay γ rays during the second episode. The second peak in the relativistic proton profile at Earth is accompanied by new signatures
of particle acceleration in the corona within ≈1R
⊙ above the photosphere, revealed by hard X-ray and microwave emissions of low intensity and by the renewed radio emission
of electron beams and of a coronal shock wave. We discuss the observations in terms of different scenarios of particle acceleration
in the corona. 相似文献
16.
An experience of participation of Russian specialists in international programs on atmospheric balloon investigations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. M. Shifrin V. A. Yushkov A. D. Lykov S. M. Khaikin 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2010,35(8):571-576
The participation of Russian specialists in the international programs on balloon investigations of the ozone layer in the
Arctic and in midlatitudes has been carried out since 1991. The specialists of Roshydromet took part in the organization and
implementation of investigations in the Arctic and in midlatitudes within 11 projects as well as in tropical balloon campaigns.
During this period, 42 balloon flights of different types were organized on the territory of Russia for the purpose of the
measurement of atmospheric characteristics, of the validation of satellite device data, of the test of prototypes of future
satellite meters. Besides, the investigations of ozone, water vapor, and aerosol content were carried out in various geographical
zones (Hayes and Dickson islands, Salekhard, Yakutsk) using the small-volume balloons. The optical fluorescent hygrometer
of the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO) is considered as one of the best instruments to measure the atmospheric humidity.
Taking account of the reliability and accuracy of the measurements carried out, the values of the water vapor mixing ratio
in the winter polar cyclone obtained with this hygrometer can be considered as the reference data. 相似文献
17.
Kulikov Yu. Yu. Poberovskii A. V. Ryskin V. G. Yushkov V. A. 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2020,60(2):254-262
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The results of microwave radiometry studies of the ozone-content dynamics in the middle atmosphere above Peterhof during stratospheric warmings of two winters,... 相似文献
18.
Water Resources - Based on the analysis of 162 longest (more than 100 years each) series of annual, maximal, and minimal runoff in rivers of different genetic types, the regularities of changes in... 相似文献
19.
S. N. Kuznetsov V. G. Kurt I. N. Myagkova B. Yu. Yushkov K. Kudela 《Solar System Research》2006,40(2):104-110
The SONG instrument onboard the CORONAS-F satellite recorded gamma-ray emission with energy above 500 keV in 28 solar flares over three years of its in-orbit operation. According to the GOES classification, the X-ray importance of these flares lay within the range M1.4-X28. The gamma-ray energy recorded by SONG exceeded 4 MeV in 16 flares. Gamma-ray emission with energy up to 100 MeV was recorded in three events, more specifically, on August 25, 2001, October 28, 2003, and November 4, 2003. Increases in the count rate in the SONG channels that recorded neutrons with energies above 20 MeV were found during these three events. The energies of the recorded neutrons were estimated for the neutron increases. The time dependence of the neutron increases was compared with data from high-altitude ground-based neutron monitors that could, in principle, record the arrival of high-energy neutrons from the Sun. It should be noted that we detected series of flares with gamma-ray emission generated by the same active region (AR). The series in the last decade of August 2002 (AR NOAA 0069), the end of May 2003 (AR NOAA 0365), and the famous period of extreme solar activity in October–November 2003 associated with AR NOAA 0486 and AR NOAA 0501 are quite revealing. The catalog can be of use for future statistical and correlation analyses of solar flares. 相似文献
20.
V. V. Grechnev V. G. Kurt I. M. Chertok A. M. Uralov H. Nakajima A. T. Altyntsev A. V. Belov B. Yu. Yushkov S. N. Kuznetsov L. K. Kashapova N. S. Meshalkina N. P. Prestage 《Solar physics》2008,252(1):149-177
The famous extreme solar and particle event of 20 January 2005 is analyzed from two perspectives. Firstly, using multi-spectral
data, we study temporal, spectral, and spatial features of the main phase of the flare, when the strongest emissions from
microwaves up to 200 MeV gamma-rays were observed. Secondly, we relate our results to a long-standing controversy on the origin
of solar energetic particles (SEP) arriving at Earth, i.e., acceleration in flares, or shocks ahead of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Our analysis shows that all electromagnetic emissions
from microwaves up to 2.22 MeV line gamma-rays during the main flare phase originated within a compact structure located just
above sunspot umbrae. In particular, a huge (≈ 105 sfu) radio burst with a high frequency maximum at 30 GHz was observed, indicating the presence of a large number of energetic
electrons in very strong magnetic fields. Thus, protons and electrons responsible for various flare emissions during its main
phase were accelerated within the magnetic field of the active region. The leading, impulsive parts of the ground-level enhancement
(GLE), and highest-energy gamma-rays identified with π
0-decay emission, are similar and closely correspond in time. The origin of the π
0-decay gamma-rays is argued to be the same as that of lower-energy emissions, although this is not proven. On the other hand,
we estimate the sky-plane speed of the CME to be 2 000 – 2 600 km s−1, i.e., high, but of the same order as preceding non-GLE-related CMEs from the same active region. Hence, the flare itself rather
than the CME appears to determine the extreme nature of this event. We therefore conclude that the acceleration, at least,
to sub-relativistic energies, of electrons and protons, responsible for both the major flare emissions and the leading spike
of SEP/GLE by 07 UT, are likely to have occurred nearly simultaneously within the flare region. However, our analysis does
not rule out a probable contribution from particles accelerated in the CME-driven shock for the leading GLE spike, which seemed
to dominate at later stages of the SEP event.
S.N. Kuznetsov deceased 17 May 2007. 相似文献