基于层次分析法的马鞍山地区浅层地热能分区评价

本文在分析安徽马鞍山地区的水文地质条件、地温特征及地质灾害等条件的基础上,通过层次分析法并结合MapGIS软件对该地区的地源型热泵浅层地热能利用方式进行了适宜性分区.结果表明,研究区中部马鞍山市及当涂县大部分为适宜区,西部长江水体及东部大部分地区为不适宜和差适宜区.该分区方法不仅充分利用了层次分析法对分区结果进行定量化的优点,还结合该地区的水文地质、地温场特征及地质灾害分布情况进行了评价,因而分区具有较高的可参考性,对其他地区的浅层地热能利用也有一定的参考价值.     

Distribution characteristics of size-fractionated chlorophyll a, primary production and new production in the Laizhou Bay, July 1997

The distributions of chlorophyll a concentration, primary production and new productionwere observed in the Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea in both spring and neap tides during July 1997. The results showed that there were marked features of spatial zonation in the surveyed area, due to the differences between the geographic environment and the hydrological conditions. Chlorophyll a, primary production and new production were all higher in spring tides than that in neap tides in the Laizhou Bay. The highest values of these parameters were encountered in the central regions of the bay. At most stations, chlorophyll a concentrations at the bottom were higher than that at the surface. The results of size-fractionated chlorophyll a and primary production showed that contributions of nano-combining pi-coplankton ( > 20 μm) to total chlorophyll a and primary production were dominant in phytoplankton community biomass and production of the Laizhou Bay. The environmental factors, primary production and new product     

玻利维亚圣克里斯托巴尔银铅锌矿床地质特征

圣克里斯托巴尔矿床位于玻利维亚西南阿尔迪普拉诺高原省乌尤尼（Uyuni）镇西南90 km,矿区海拔约4000 m,是一处与中性至酸性火山岩、次火山岩有关的银-锌-铅矿床。圣克里斯托巴尔地区矿产资源开采历史悠久,西班牙殖民者大约在350年前就开始在该地区开采银矿,近代采矿开始于2001年,该矿床目前由日本住友商事株式会社的全资子公司Monera San Cristobal有限公司运营。矿床探明银、锌和铅的金属储量分别为13.800kt、4.02Mt和1.37Mt,平均品位分别为53×10-6、1.41%和0.48%,是世界上最大露采银矿床之一,2014年共生产312吨银、19万吨锌和6万吨铅。     

Using Geochemical Method to Distinguish Lateral Migration and Vertical Migration in Rifted Basin:A Case Study from Eastern Lujiapu Depression in the Kailu Basin,NE China

Migration fractionation diagnosis is complicated in rifted basins where migration distance is generally short and lateral migration in sandy beds and vertical migration along faults are co-existed. Quantitative data from GC-MS analysis makes it possible to distinguish lateral and vertical migration effects. Oils discovered from the Jiaolige oilfield, eastern Lujiapu Depression are derived from single source rock with similar maturity, which is an ideal case to study the migration fractionation effects. Compositional differences among oils are largely caused by the migration fractionation either laterally in sand beds or vertically along the faults. Subtle maturity differences are assessed by the classic saturated hydrocarbon parameters which have certain influence on nitrogen compounds. In a certain maturity range, the ratios of shield and semi-shield isomers to the exposed isomers of alkylcarbazoles change with maturity in an opposite direction with migration fractionation, which may conceal the migration influence. However, migration and maturation have the same effects on absolute concentrations of alkylated carbazoles and benzocarbazole [a]/（[a]＋[c]） ratios, which provides an ideal tool for migration direction assessment. Continuous variations among different samples reflect increased migration distance in sandy beds, while abrupt changes may indicate the change of migration conduit systems. Integrated both geochemical interpretation and geological constrains, not only migration direction can be determined, but also the conduit systems through the sandy beds or the faults can be recognized.     

Kinematic Evolution of a Slow CME in Corona Viewed by STEREO-B on 8 October 2007

We studied the kinematic evolution of the 8 October 2007 CME in the corona based on observations from Sun – Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) onboard satellite B of Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO). The observational results show that this CME obviously deflected to a lower latitude region of about 30° at the beginning. After this, the CME propagated radially. We also analyze the influence of the background magnetic field on the deflection of this CME. We find that the deflection of this CME at an early stage may be caused by a nonuniform distribution of the background magnetic-field energy density and that the CME tended to propagate to the region with lower magnetic-energy density. In addition, we found that the velocity profile of this gradual CME shows multiphased evolution during its propagation in the COR1-B FOV. The CME velocity first remained constant: 23.1 km s⁻¹. Then it accelerated continuously with a positive acceleration of ≈7.6 m s⁻².     

Correlation Analyses Between the Characteristic Times of Gradual Solar Energetic Particle Events and the Properties of Associated Coronal Mass Ejections

It is generally believed that gradual solar energetic particles (SEPs) are accelerated by shocks associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Using an ice-cream cone model, the radial speed and angular width of 95 CMEs associated with SEP events during 1998 – 2002 are calculated from SOHO/LASCO observations. Then, we investigate the relationships between the kinematic properties of these CMEs and the characteristic times of the intensity-time profile of their accompanied SEP events observed at 1 AU. These characteristic times of SEP are i) the onset time from the accompanying CME eruption at the Sun to the SEP arrival at 1 AU, ii) the rise time from the SEP onset to the time when the SEP intensity is one-half of peak intensity, and iii) the duration over which the SEP intensity is within a factor of two of the peak intensity. It is found that the onset time has neither significant correlation with the radial speed nor with the angular width of the accompanying CME. For events that are poorly connected to the Earth, the SEP rise time and duration have no significant correlation with the radial speed and angular width of the associated CMEs. However, for events that are magnetically well connected to the Earth, the SEP rise time and duration have significantly positive correlations with the radial speed and angular width of the associated CMEs. This indicates that a CME event with wider angular width and higher speed may more easily drive a strong and wide shock near to the Earth-connected interplanetary magnetic field lines, may trap and accelerate particles for a longer time, and may lead to longer rise time and duration of the ensuing SEP event.     

Quantitative Analysis of CME Deflections in the Corona

In this paper, ten CME events viewed by the STEREO twin spacecraft are analyzed to study the deflections of CMEs during their propagation in the corona. Based on the three-dimensional information of the CMEs derived by the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) model (Thernisien, Howard, and Vourlidas in Astrophys. J. 652, 1305, 2006), it is found that the propagation directions of eight CMEs had changed. By applying the theoretical method proposed by Shen et?al. (Solar Phys. 269, 389, 2011) to all the CMEs, we found that the deflections are consistent, in strength and direction, with the gradient of the magnetic energy density. There is a positive correlation between the deflection rate and the strength of the magnetic energy density gradient and a weak anti-correlation between the deflection rate and the CME speed. Our results suggest that the deflections of CMEs are mainly controlled by the background magnetic field and can be quantitatively described by the magnetic energy density gradient (MEDG) model.     

The Middle-aged and Knowledge Workers:Demographic and Econom-ic Changes in the Pearl River Delta,China

Demographic and economic development can be seen as two sides of one coin in the process of regional development.This article deals with how economic and demogr...     

Primary productivity and chlorophyll a in Prydz Bay and its mouth in Antarctica during the austral summer of 1999/2000

The investigation of phytoplankton standing stock, euphotic layer and photosynthesis rate were carried out in 19 - 27 of January, 2000 at three longitudinal sections (70°30＇E, 73°00＇E and 75°30＇E). The results showed that the high value of chlorophyll a concentration was in inshore bay, polynya and the continental slope of the investigated sea area. At various investigated stations, average chlorophyll a concentration at sub-surface layer (25 m) was higher than that at surface layer; its concentration at the deeper layers of over 50 m decreased with increasing depth. At anchor station, the maximum chlorophyll az concentration appeared at surface layer in Antarctic summer's afternoon while the minimum value appeared in the morning; chlorophyll a concentration at water layer of 0 - 25 m was obviously higher than that at deep water layer, being related to the releasing of ice-algae. High productivity was in inshore bay and polynya of continental shelf. Chlorophyll a concentration at surface layer is closely correlated to the dissolved oxygen concentration in seawater. The sea ares with chlorophyll a concentration of over 1.0ag/dms may be the convergence of CO2 and that of below 1.0 μg/dms may be the source of CO2.     

京郊新农村建设人居环境质量综合评价

农村人居环境是农民生活品质的重要标志,农村人居环境质量的提高可以促进农村居住环境与社会、经济、资源环境之间的良性互动。通过对北京市首批市级新农村规划建设试点村的问卷调查,结合多元统计分析,探讨新农村建设以来京郊农村人居环境质量的要素特征、影响因素和发展水平。研究表明:相比新农村建设前,京郊农村人居环境在基础设施、公共服务设施、自然生态环境等方面取得较大改善;京郊农村人居环境质量的地域特征显著,近郊平原区优于其他地域类型;基础设施配套和社会协调水平对村民形成人居环境整体印象最为重要,收入状况、村内道路质量、垃圾处理设施、卫生所等因素对人居环境满意度有显著影响;加大对农村公共产品的投入和建设力度、建立设施的长效管护机制、增加农民收入是实现京郊农村人居环境优化的关键环节。