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301.
An application of a new method in permafrost environment assessment of Muli mining area in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
The permafrost environment in the Muli mining area, an opencast mining site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, is now undergoing
significant degradation because of the ongoing mining activities. The permafrost environment in this mining site had already
been evaluated by previous study, in which analytic hierarchy process was applied. Although this method can roughly characterize
the permafrost environment of this mining site, it has limitations by being easily affected by man-made factors. In view of
this limitation, this study attempts to employ a new method, the catastrophe progression method, to estimate the current stage
of the permafrost environment in this mining area. The results show that, by catastrophe progression method, currently the
calculated indexes of the permafrost freezing–thawing disintegration, permafrost thermal stability, permafrost ecological
fragility, and the permafrost environment are 0.43 (general situation), 0.77 (general situation), 0.71 (bad situation) and
0.83 (general situation), respectively. These values imply that the permafrost environment has been damaged by anthropologic
activities to a certain degree and potentially may be further degenerated. However, at this degree, a new equilibrium stage
of permafrost environment could be achieved if the current state of environmental degradation is stabilized and treatments
are constructed against further damages. 相似文献
302.
用固相反应法和sol-gel法合成了不同类型的磷灰石(AP),并采用TEM、XRD、IR、BET比表面积法及静、动态吸附等方法研究了不同AP的比表面积、结晶度、晶胞参数、结晶尺寸、晶格缺陷度、Ca/P摩尔比和煅烧温度等与吸氟能力的关系,结果表明:结晶度高、晶粒大的AP有较小的吸氟量,属表面单分子层化学络合吸附机理;酸活化的AP有较大的吸氟量,属溶解-沉淀与沉淀物表面纳米尺寸效应吸附的复合去氟机理;具纳米尺寸的HAP在常温、常压、无二次污染、小于11mg/L的低含氟浓度废水中且不酸化情况下有较大吸氟量,属纳米尺寸效应吸附机理。 相似文献
303.
304.
Re–Os and U–Pb Geochronology of Porphyry and Skarn Types Copper Deposits in Jilin Province,NE China 下载免费PDF全文
Yong Zhang Shu–Wen Xing Quan–Heng Song Yan Wang Zheng–Tao Yu Xiao–Hui Du Yu–Bo Ma Zeng–Jie Zhang 《Resource Geology》2015,65(4):394-404
Jilin Province in NE China lies on the eastern edge of the Xing–Meng Orogenic Belt. Mineral exploration in this area has resulted in the discovery of numerous large, medium, and small sized Cu, Mo, Au, and Co deposits. To better understand the formation and distribution of both the porphyry and skarn types Cu deposits of the region, we examined the geological characteristics of the deposits and applied zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os isotope dating to constrain the age of the mineralization. The Binghugou Cu deposit yields a zircon U–Pb age for quartz diorite of 128.1 ± 1.6 Ma; the Chang'anpu Cu deposit yields a zircon U–Pb age for granite porphyry of 117.0 ± 1.4 Ma; the Ermi Cu deposit yields a zircon U–Pb age for granite porphyry of 96.8 ± 1.1 Ma; the Tongshan Cu deposit yields molybdenite Re–Os model ages of 128.7 to 130.2 Ma, an isochron age of 129.0 ± 1.6 Ma, and a weighted mean model age of 129.2 ± 0.7 Ma; and the Tianhexing Cu deposit yields molybdenite Re–Os model ages of 113.9 to 115.2 Ma, an isochron age of 114.7 ± 1.2 Ma, and a weighted mean model age of 114.7 ± 0.7 Ma. The new ages, combined with existing geochronology data, show that intense porphyry and skarn types Cu mineralization was coeval with Cretaceous magmatism. The geotectonic processes responsible for the genesis of the Cu mineralization were probably related to lithospheric thinning. By analyzing the accumulated molybdenite Re–Os, zircon U–Pb, and Ar–Ar ages for NE China, it is concluded that the Cu deposits formed during multiple events coinciding with periods of magmatic activity. We have identified five phases of mineralization: early Paleozoic (~476 Ma), late Paleozoic (286.5–273.6 Ma), early Mesozoic (~228.7 Ma), Jurassic (194.8–137.1 Ma), and Cretaceous (131.2–96.8 Ma). Although Cu deposits formed during each phase, most of the Cu mineralization occurred during the Cretaceous. 相似文献
305.
REE Geochemistry of the Lead—Zinc Ores from the Jinding Lead—Zinc Deposit,Lanping,Yunnan 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Nineteen volcanic and magmatic rock samples were collectecd from the Jinding leadzinc deposit and its surrounding areas in Yunnan.The ICP and AES analyses,feferred to the previous results,show that the metal minerals and altered rocks in the Jinding lead-zinc deposit display a decreasing trend of ∑REE from the early to late stages of mineralization,and similarities in REE distribution patterns,indicating that the ore fluids are characterized by high LREE enrichment,markedly negative δCe anomaly and slight δEu anomaly.These REE distribution paterns exhibit striking similarities to those of the Pliocene trachyte in the study area,both of which are similar in ∑REE,LREE/HREE ratio,δEu and δCe.The ore fluids besides the basin fluids in the deposit are also closely related to those associated with Pliocene trachyte magmas. 相似文献
306.
N. P. Romanovskii Yu. F. Malyshev M. V. Goroshko 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2008,2(2):137-149
Evidence on the Paleozoic granitoids of the eastern part of the Central Asian Fold Belt (CAFB) was analyzed. A tectonic chart of orogenic belts was compiled. Sketch maps were constructed for the geodynamic settings of the formation of Paleozoic granitoids and the extensiveness of their occurrence. Two types of deep controlling structures were distinguished: zones of lithospheric faults and plumes, including the newly recognized Jiamusi-Bureya plume. It was sown that the distribution of large and superlarge Paleozoic ore deposits is related to these structures, primarily to plumes. Sites promising for large and superlarge deposits related to the Paleozoic granitoid magmatism were determined in the Russian Far East. 相似文献
307.
滇黔桂地区晚古生代浅水碳酸盐岩台地与深水硅泥质盆地共存的古地理格局,是在加里东期褶皱基底上发生裂陷及差异沉降而发展起来的。广西宜州—柳州一带既是晚古生代上扬子碳酸盐岩地台南缘1条重要的沉积相分界线,也是晚古生代桂中和桂北地层分区、古生代—中生代雪峰山南段构造体系和桂中坳陷构造体系的分界线。文中通过对宜山—柳州一带晚古生代地层的区域对比和成因分析,恢复了桂中宜山—柳州地区晚古生代沉积盆地的演化历史。狭长型宜州裂陷槽盆地西起丹池断裂,向东经龙头、北牙、宜州延伸至柳州。自中泥盆世开始,首先在东西两端开始裂陷下沉,至早石炭世发展成型。受北侧来自江南隆起带陆源碎屑物质充填影响,其表现为南北不对称并在早石炭世晚期被填平。在宜州裂陷槽内发育多处早石炭世沉积型碳酸锰矿,含矿地层分布、地层序列及其沉积背景明显与裂陷槽演化有关。它们既是盆地演化历史的见证,也体现了桂中地区裂陷海槽的特色,值得在后续锰矿成因研究中予以重视。 相似文献
308.
G. P. Zaraisky A. M. Aksyuk V. N. Devyatova O. V. Udoratina V. Yu. Chevychelov 《Petrology》2008,16(7):710-736
The concept of granitic melt fractionation as the main process in the concentration of rare elements in granites calls for
the development of a reliable method to determine the evolutionary sequences of granite series. We propose to use for this
purpose a zirconium-hafnium indicator, the Zr/Hf weight ratio in granitic rocks (Zaraisky et al., 1999, 2000). By the example
of three classic regions of rare-metal deposits, eastern Transbaikalia, central Kazakhstan, and Erzgebirge (Czech Republic
and Germany), it was empirically shown that the Zr/Hf ratio of granites decreases during the fractional crystallization of
granite magmas in the sequence granodiorite → biotite granite → leucogranite → lithium-fluorine granite. The reason is the
higher affinity of Hf compared with Zr to a granite melt. This implies that the crystallization and settling of accessory
zircon will cause the progressive enrichment of Hf relative to Zr in the residual melt. As a result, the Zr/Hf ratio decreases
regularly in the series of sequential phases of granite intrusion related to a single magma chamber from granodiorite to biotite
granite, leucogranite, and Li-F granite (from 45-30 to 10-2). Our experimental investigations supported the preferential enrichment
of haplogranite melt in Hf and zircon crystals in equilibrium with melt in Zr (T= 800°C and P = 1 kbar). The Zr/Hf indicator was tested by the example of the wellknown Kukulbei rare-metal granite complex of eastern
Transbaikalia (J3), which is unique in the degree of fractionation of initial granite melt with the formation of three phases
of granite emplacement and vein derivatives. An important feature of the complex is its “short” differentiation trend. It
was supposed that the granite magma of the first phase is parental, and the later phases forming small intrusive bodies in
large massifs of biotite granites of the first phase are sequential products of its crystallization differentiation in a magma
chamber. The biotite granites of the first phase are barren. The leucocratic granites of the second phase are accompanied
by tin-tungsten greisen deposits (e.g., Spokoininskoe), and the upper part of cupola-like stocks of Li-F amazonite granites
of the third phase host apogranite-type tantalum deposits (Orlovka, Etyka, and Achikan). In addition to three granite phases,
the Kukulbei complex includes dikes of ongonites, elvans, amazonite granites, and chamber miarolitic pegmatites. All of the
granitic rocks of the complex have similar isotopic ages of 142± 0.6 Ma. The Zr/Hf ratio decreases systematically from phase
1 (40–25), to phase 2 (20–10), and phase 3 (10–2). The ongonites, elvans, and pegmatites have similar Zr/Hf ratios (15-5),
falling between the ranges of leucocratic muscovite granites and Li-F granites. Compared with other granite series, the granitic
rocks of the Kukulbei complex show specific petrographic and geochemical features: they are strongly enriched in Rb, Li, Cs,
Be, Sn, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Bi, and F but depleted in Mg, Ca, Fe, Ti, P, Sr, Ba, V, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, REE, and Y. From the early
to late intrusion phases, the degree of enrichment and depletion in these element groups increases regularly. This is accompanied
by a significant decrease (from 40 to 2) in Zr/Hf, which can be used as a reliable indicator of genetic relations, degree
of fractionation, and rare-metal potential of granites. Granites with Zr/Hf values lower than 25 are promising for prospecting
for Sn, W, Mo, and Be greisen deposits, whereas the formation of Ta deposits requires Zr/Hf values lower than 10. 相似文献
309.
粘土矿物的掺杂对沉积物吸持Cu、Zn能力的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过考察粘土矿物及掺杂粘土矿物前后沉积物的吸附/解吸特性,分析了伊利石与蒙脱石对重金属污染沉积物中Cu与Zn稳定固定化的可行性。结果表明:伊利石与蒙脱石的掺杂均降低了沉积物吸持Cu的能力(最大下降量分别为5.4%和3.8%),伊利石的掺杂同样降低了沉积物吸持Zn的能力(最大下降量为4.4%),但蒙脱石掺杂后沉积物吸持Zn的能力明显增强,最高增加5.7%。因此,蒙脱石具有固定污染沉积物中Zn的能力,但不能提高污染沉积物中Cu的稳定性。 相似文献
310.