活性白云粉生产工艺及其物化性能研究

活性白云粉（ABP）是在白云岩经过破碎、细粉碎、表面改性的基础上得到的一种新型改性功能填料。本文利用河南辉县市的拍石头和张村两地产出的白云岩作为实验原料，对其表面改性的实验方法、改性剂选择及用量、改性条件及改性效果等方面进行了一定的探讨，并且对改性前后的白云石粉体的粒度、比表面积等性能及红外光谱特征做了对比研究。生产工艺和物性测试研究表明：活性白云粉代替轻质碳酸钙作橡胶填料前景广阔；与轻钙相比，活性白云粉的粒度不够均匀，经优化和改善生产工艺条件，可望进一步提高其应用价值。     

Marine bacterium strain screening and pyrethroid insecticide-degrading efficiency analysis

A pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, strain HS-24, was isolated from an offshore seawater environment. The strain, which can degrade cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL), was identified as Methylophaga sp. The optimal culture and degradation conditions for CYP and DEL by strain HS-24 is pH 7 at 28°C. Under optimum culture conditions, strain HS-24 exhibited a broad degradation concentration range of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L for CYP and DEL. The metabolic intermediates were analyzed by NMR, which provided strong evidence that CYP and DEL removal occurred mainly because of a biological process. The toxicity of the degradation products of strain HS-24 was studied simultaneously by measuring the light output of the luminescence bacterium. This demonstrated that the biodegradation ability of strain HS-24 significantly decreased the toxicity of CYP- and DEL-contaminated aquaculture seawater. Finally, the findings of this paper indicate that strain HS-24 is thus revealed as a biological agent for the remediation of marine aquatic environments.     

1959-2003年青海省干湿变化分析

利用青海省1959-2003年气象资料,计算了修正的Palmer干旱指数,并对其进行了分析。结果表明：在青海省旱涝监测中,PDSI指数反映旱涝程度更为客观;青海省的干旱主要以轻旱为主;夏秋季年际干湿交替较冬春季频繁,变化振幅也较大;秋季青海省干旱化倾向最为严重,冬春季出现轻旱几率最大。另外,春季干旱总面积在减小;夏季轻旱面积增加,而中旱、重旱面积在减小;秋冬季重旱面积在增加。     

一种以能量平衡为基础的干旱指数

本文以能量平衡公式为基础,根据实际蒸发与潜在蒸发的关系依赖于土壤水分含量的事实,导出一种表达干湿状况的指标——土壤水分干旱指数。     

污染分布下的Lp估计抗差测度

观测数据中含有粗差或异常值扰动的误差分布可视为污染分布。根据M估计理论,导出了Lp估计的影响函数,分析了Lp估计的抗差能力,并用效率来测度估计的优劣、综合抗差能力和效率,指出观测数据中含有粗差的扰动,应用p为[1．2．1．5]的Lp估计来进行处理。     

海南岛三叠纪中基性岩的年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

辉长岩大多为地幔岩石部分熔融的产物,辉绿岩脉及碱性正长岩的形成通常与伸展构造有关,本文对海南岛万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉和分界洲正长岩进行了系统的年代学和岩石地球化学研究,并以此来讨论其构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成约在240 Ma,分界洲正长岩形成约在231 Ma,主量元素特征表明万宁辉长岩和辉绿岩分别属碱性系列和亚碱性系列,分界洲正长岩属于典型的碱性岩浆岩。万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉的稀土元素具有轻稀土富集的特点(LREE/HREE=7.22～8.50和8.11～11.10),微量元素具有岛弧型火山岩的特征,富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Th,贫高场强元素Nb、Ta和Zr、Hf;分界洲正长岩的微量元素特征显示出与A型花岗岩类似的特征。海南岛三叠纪中基性岩如分界洲正长岩和万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成的构造背景为陆内伸展环境,指示海南岛在240～230 Ma处于印支造山运动的应力松弛阶段。     

卤水中铷铯的分离与提取

在查阅大量国内外文献的基础上,对采用沉淀法、离子交换法和溶剂萃取法从卤水中分离提取铷、铯进行了较为系统的评述。     

Tree-Ring δD as an Indicator of Asian Monsoon Intensity

Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of meteoric water are known to correlate with surface air temperature, except in tropical areas. This relationship has been described using a number of terms corresponding to specific observations, such as latitude, altitude and seasonal effects. However, these temperature effects do not seem to apply to precipitation in monsoonal areas of Asia. Questions have been raised as to whether the isotopic composition of meteoric water can be used to reconstruct paleomonsoon intensity. Tree rings of two modern spruce trees (Picea meyeri) and a 10,000-yr-old timber (Picea jezoensis) were analyzed for hydrogen isotopic composition. On average, the older tree is depleted in deuterium by 45‰ compared to the modern trees. We attribute this isotopic depletion to the strength of summer monsoons, which were more intense in the early Holocene than at present. Although this study is not definitive, it suggests that paleomonsoon intensity can be reconstructed by direct or proxy methods that yield the oxygen or hydrogen isotopic composition of meteoric water.     

A remote sensing model for monitoring soil evaporation based on differential thermal inertia and its validation

To develop geosciences quantification and multi-dimensional researches will be an inevitable trend in the 21st century. The interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere not only serves as an important component in geosciences quantification, bu…