Early stage differentiation of thallus cells ofPorphyra haitanensis (Rhodophyta)

The early stage differentiation of thallus cells ofPorphyra haitanensis T. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng was studied. Protoplasts or single cells were isolated from the blades using enzyme mixture comprising 2% sea snail gut enzyme and 1% cellulase. The isolated protoplasts or single cells were incubated in the MES medium. The cell differentiations were examined under the microscope at intervals after incubation. Four types of cell differentiation, namely, normal, abnormal, carposporangial and spermatorangial, and rhizoidal types, were observed. Since normal cell differentiations occur mostly in small thalli 50 mm in length and middle portions of big thalli 200 mm in length, it is essential to select tissues from these two kinds of thalli essential for commercial production.     

关于加快长江上游干,支流综合开发治理的建议

笔者通过考察认为,以水电建设为龙头,加快长江上游干、支流综合开发治理是长江流域开发的一个重要组成部分,对推动整个流域经济的持续稳定发展具有重大的意义。文中论述了:1、先期开发治理长江上游干、支流是合理利用长江水资源,防治长江洪水灾害的关键。2、综合开发治理长江上游干、支流将能获得的巨大社会、经济与环境效益。3、加快开发长江上游干、支流的政策与措施。     

Thresholds of geographic environmental elements in sediment yield of drainage basins

Threshold of environmental elements in drainage basin sediment yield refers to, under effect of climate, underlying surface and human activity, a turning point of abrupt changes in drainage sediment yield related to environmental element characteristics. Previous studies on threshold of sediment yield of relevant drainage basins were mainly concentrated on impact of natural zones with a few researches on impact of other environmental elements. Particularly studies on compound environmental element threshold in drainage basin sediment yield remain blank today. Studies indicate that sediment yield in drainage basins is affected by compound interactions and complex actions. Based on single element analysis, the present paper gives quantitatively compound threshold of environmental elements affecting sediment yield of the drainage basin between Hekouzhen and Tongguan in the middle Yellow River by the method of multi-variant, polynomial formula regression analysis.     

用钢粒取心钻进钻穿孤石的方法

本文通过在厦门地区大直径桩孔钻遇“孤石”的施工实践，总结了一套利用钢粒取心钻进“孤石”的技术方法，有效地解决了钻进“孤石”效率低，易偏斜，事故多的技术难题。     

遥感图象的马尔柯夫随机场模型的纹理识别方法

本文讨论了马尔柯夫随机场图象模型及邻域选择方法,提出了8邻域5特征参数的马尔柯夫随机场图象模型以及一套完整而有效的特征参数的估计算法,将这些特征参数变成可视图象从而实现了视算。对8类不同纹理的标准图象进行分类试验,其识别(分类)的平均正确率达97.57％。     

U–Pb and Hf-isotope analysis of zircons in mafic xenoliths from Fuxian kimberlites: evolution of the lower crust beneath the North China craton

Mafic xenoliths from the Paleozoic Fuxian kimberlites in the North China craton include garnet granulite, and minor pyroxene amphibolite, metagabbro, anorthosite and pyroxenite. The formation conditions of the amphibolites are estimated at 745–820 °C and 7.6–8.8 Kb (25–30 km); the granulites probably are derived from greater depths in the lower crust. LAM-ICPMS U–Pb dating of zircons from four granulites reveals multiple age populations, recording episodes of magmatic intrusion and metamorphic recrystallisation. Concordant ages and upper intercept ages, interpreted as minimum estimates for the time of magmatic crystallisation, range from 2,620 to 2,430 Ma in three granulites, two amphibolites and two metagabbros. Lower intercept ages, represented by near-concordant zircons, are interpreted as reflecting metamorphic recrystallisation, and range from 1,927 to 1,852 Ma. One granulite contains two metamorphic zircon populations, dated at 1,927±55 Ma and 600–700 Ma. Separated minerals from one granulite and one amphibolite yield Sm–Nd isochron ages of 1,619±48 Ma (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)i=0.51078), and 1,716±120 Ma (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)i=0.51006), respectively. These ages are interpreted as recording cooling following metamorphic resetting; model ages for both samples are in the range 2.40–2.66 Ga. LAM-MC-ICPMS analyses of zircon show a range in ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf from 0.28116 to 0.28214, corresponding to a range of _Hf from –34 to +12. The relationships between ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age and _Hf show that: (1) the granulites, amphibolites and metagabbro were derived from a depleted mantle source at 2.6–2.75 Ga; (2) zircons in most samples underwent recrystallisation and Pb loss for 100–200 Ma after magmatic crystallisation, consistent with a residence in the lower crust; (3) metamorphic zircons in several samples represent new zircon growth, incorporating Hf liberated from breakdown of silicates with high Lu/Hf; (4) in other samples metamorphic and magmatic zircons have identical ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf, and the younger ages reflect complete resetting of U–Pb systems in older zircons. The Fuxian mafic xenoliths are interpreted as the products of basaltic underplating, derived from a depleted mantle source in Neoarchean time, an important period of continental growth in the North China craton. Paleoproterozoic metamorphic ages indicate an important tectonic thermal event in the lower crust at 1.8–1.9 Ga, corresponding to the timing of collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks that led to the final assembly of the North China craton. The growth of metamorphic zircon at 600–700 Ma may record an asthenospheric upwelling in Neoproterozoic time, related to uplift and a regional disconformity in the North China craton.     

The use of the marine biotic index AMBI in the assessment of the ecological status of the Obidos lagoon (Portugal)

This study reports the longitudinal distribution of sediment properties, including inorganic and organic contaminants, and the structure of the benthic community in Obidos lagoon, a coastal system permanently connected to the sea and with negligible freshwater sources. Sediments from the upper to central lagoon consist of fine particles (91%) and from the lower lagoon of sands (94%). Chemical composition is strongly correlated to the percentage of fine particles. Contamination is relatively low in those sediments suggesting the effect of diffuse sources. The increase in organic matter content from down- to upstream areas was associated with the dominance of opportunistic species, while sensitive and indifferent species to organic enrichment were mainly associated to the clean sandy downstream area. The marine biotic index (AMBI) was suitable for the discrimination of the biological and environmental gradients in the Obidos lagoon and was highly related with the gradient of organic matter content in this system.     

2005年11月26日九江—瑞昌地震场地影响的初步分析

分析了2005年11月26日九江-瑞昌地震震害与当地工程场地条件间的关系,结果表明：当地工程地质条件复杂,水平向变化大,软土发育,存在溶洞,是此次地震灾害严重的一个重要原因。灾后重建应开展地震小区划工作,为抗震设防提供科学依据。     

关于下一代地震区划图编制原则与关键技术的初步探讨

本文在回顾我国四代地震区划编图原则的基础上,结合对未来我国社会经济发展状况和国家地震安全政策变化的分析,同时对国际上地震区划研究进展与编图工作的现状了解,探讨了下一代地震区划编图的基本原则,提出了与之相关的基本科学技术问题,对第五代地震区划图的编制提出了初步的建议。