Spatial behaviour of Rayleigh waves in layered half‐spaces under active surface sources

In the free state, Rayleigh waves are assumed to travel in the form of planar wavefronts. Under such an assumption, the propagation behaviour of the modes of Rayleigh waves in layered half‐spaces is only frequency dependent. The frequency behaviour, which is often termed as dispersion, is determined by the shear wave velocity profile of layered soils within the depth related to wavelength (or frequency). According to this characteristic, the shear wave velocity profile can be back‐analysed from the dispersion. The technique is widely used in the surface wave testing. However, the wavefronts of Rayleigh waves activated by the surface sources are non‐planar. The geometric discrepancy could result in Rayleigh waves manifesting distance‐dependent behaviour, which is referred to as spatial behaviour in this paper. Conventional analysis ignoring this spatial behaviour could introduce unexpected errors. In order to take the effects of sources on the propagation behaviour into account, a new mathematical model is established for Rayleigh waves in layered elastic media under vertical disc‐like surface sources using the thin‐layer method. The spatial behaviour of the activated modes and the apparent phase velocity, which is the propagation velocity of Rayleigh waves superposed by the multiple modes, are then analysed. Aspects of the spatial behaviour investigated in this paper include the equilibrium path, the particle orbit, and the geometric attenuation of the activated Rayleigh waves. The results presented in this paper can provide some guidelines for developing new inverse mathematical models and algorithms.     

K型加强节点承载力及滞回性能分析

K型相贯节点区域容易出现主管管壁的局部屈曲与撕裂,可以采用主管与内套管之间夹层灌混凝土的方法进行加强。采用有限元软件ANSYS,对加强前后节点的静力极限承载力和滞回性能进行分析。结果表明:在主管与内套管之间夹层灌混凝土可有效改善节点的破坏模式,减小节点附近的应力集中问题,同时增强节点的刚度与承载力;无加强节点滞回曲线较为丰满,承载力下降相对平缓,但和加强节点比较,承载力相差明显;减小内套管的尺寸在一定程度上可以提高节点的极限承载力。     

Direct Conservative Domain in the Continuous Galerkin Method for Groundwater Models

The continuous Galerkin finite element method is commonly considered locally nonconservative because a single element with fluxes computed directly from its potential distribution is unable to conserve its mass and fluxes across edges that are discontinuous. Some literature sources have demonstrated that the continuous Galerkin method can be locally conservative with postprocessed fluxes. This paper proposes the concept of a direct conservative domain (DCD), which could conserve mass when fluxes are computed directly from the potential distribution. Also presented here is a method for modifying the advection fluxes to obtain different conservative domains from the DCDs. Furthermore, DCDs are used to analyze the local conservation of several postprocessing algorithms, for which DCDs provide the theoretical basis. The local conservation of DCDs and the proposed method are illustrated and verified by using a hypothetical 2‐D model.     

马尼拉地震带海啸对广东沿海影响的数值研究——潮汐与海啸的非线性作用的影响

基于COMCOT数值模型,建立了天文潮与海啸耦合数学模型,对日本"311"海啸进行了模拟验证。针对马尼拉地震带海啸,通过设计海啸震源的计算,分析广东省沿海海啸风险,从数值上得出了海啸引发的最大增水值以及海啸到达广东省沿岸的时间。     

An extended variable-grid global ocean circulation model and its preliminary results of the equatorial Pacific circulation

1IntroductionThetropicalPacificOceanplaysanimpor-tantroleintheclimatevariabilitiessuchasElNi-no-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)phenomenon(Chao,1993).ManystudieshavefoundthatthetropicalPacificvariabilitiescanhavesignifi-cantinfluenceontheoceancirculationintheseasadjacenttoChina(Yu,1985;Chaoetal.,1996;Wangetal.,2002).TheseaareaadjacenttoChinaischaracterizedbyitscomplextopog-raphyandnumerousnarrowstraits,andthusre-quiresafinegridtoresolve.Tostudytheinter-actionbetweenthetropicalPacificandChinas…     

基础测绘成果及相关技术在雷电探测中的重要应用

介绍当今雷电探测技术现状和雷电定位的基本原理,分析雷击点点位误差估算公式,研究探索现代测绘成果基准(时间基准、空间基准)及相关测绘技术在雷电探测定位过程中提高定位精度的重要作用,探讨研究成果在实际防雷减灾中的应用效率和重要作用。     

VRS动态随机模型建模方法的综合比较

阐述了4种传统虚拟参考站(virtual reference station,VRS)随机模型建模方法及VENUS随机模型建模方法的作业原理,从验后单位权方差、模糊度精度因子ADOP、F-ratio、滤波残差等多个角度综合分析了各方法作业水平的有效性及优劣程度。研究表明,传统的标准随机模型建模方法、信噪比建模方法及高度角建模方法在VRS中的应用有效性最弱,传统的自适应随机模型方法和VENUS建模方法在不同层面体现出各自的优势,有互相借鉴的科研价值。     

遥感影像的冰川信息提取方法对比

以林芝地区为例,首先利用2001年10-12月ETM+遥感数据、地质图和DEM数据,经过遥感图像预处理生成冰川信息提取的基础影像。在此基础上采用波段比值法、主成分分析法、光谱角制图法、非监督分类法、监督分类法等进行冰川信息的自动提取,对各种提取方法进行了对比。结果表明,监督分类提取的冰川信息图像清晰、层次分明、分类边界清楚、满足冰川地貌解译的要求。最后通过实例分析得出监督分类法在提取林芝地区冰川信息时获得了较好的应用效果。     

光电测距三角高程代替三等水准测量相关技术问题研究

分析了光电测距三角高程的误差,探讨了光电测距三角高程代替三等水准测量相关技术问题,给出了一些有益的结论。     

位置服务上下文计算本体形式化实现方法

本文采用Protégé本体开发平台将五元组模型的位置服务上下文计算本体形式化,使其在JADE环境下应用成为可能。首先通过介绍位置服务上下文计算应用的国内外发展现状,引出本体形式化问题。然后应用五元组模型进行位置服务上下文信息建模。建模后抽象出的位置服务上下文计算本体符合FIPA-ACL规范,使不同的信息在Agent之间进行交换,从而实现形式化本体在计算机系统之间的交流。最后,我们将采用Protégé平台定义的ContextOntology形式化本体通过Ontology Bean Generator插件将其导出为Java类,使其在JADE平台下得以应用。