伽师及邻近地区GPS地壳形变监测及初步分析

通过对伽师及邻近地区ＧＰＳ监测网的优化布设和两期观测资料的分析,对伽师及邻近地区的地形变特征进行了探讨,认为伽师地区整体上受到正南北向的主压应力,但在喀什和乌恰－乌仁一带存在着较大的剪应力。伽师地区每年相对于北天山（哈萨克斯坦）的运动速度为１９ｍｍ,整个南天山地区发生中强地震的可能性将长期存在。     

永定河上游晚更新世晚期以来的堆积阶地年代测定

应用1 4 C测年法和热释光方法对采自永定河上游晚更新世晚期以来形成的堆积阶地样品进行了年代测定。研究结果表明 ,永定河上游三条一级支流的低阶地形成时代具有一定的同时性 ,第三级阶地的下切时间大约在 30 0 0 0aB .P .;第二级阶地的下切时间大约在 10 0 0 0aB .P .;第一级阶地的下切时间大约在 4 0 0 0aB .P .。气候变暖对第二级阶地形成起主导作用 ,构造作用对最新阶地形成有一定的影响     

Isotopic chronology and geological events of Precambrian complex in Taihangshan region

There are five major geological events in Precambrian complex, Taihangshan region determined by researching into geology and isotopic chronology of the complex. Basaltic magma erupted and quartz-dioritic to tonalitic magma intruded in earlier neo-Archaean, which formed hornblende-plagiogneiss of Fuping gneiss complex and metamorphic mafic rock enclaves in TTG gneiss complex. Granulite facies metamorphism and emplacement of biotite-plagiogneiss occurred in late neo-Archaean. Extension and uplifting from the end of neo-Archaean to Paleoproterozoic era formed Chengnanzhuang large extensional deformation zones and metamorphic mafic veins emplaced into the deformation zones. Remobilization of Precambrian complex and tectonic uplifting in late Paleoproterozoic era formed Longquanguan ductile shear zone and emplacement of Nanying gneiss. Occurrence of regional granite pegmatite at the end of Paleoproterozoic era means the end of the Lliang movement.     

Soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land

The reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land plays an important role in the mitigation and control of debris flow hazards, which thus contributes a lot to the exploitation of insufficient land resources in mountainous areas and the reduction of losses caused by debris flow. The aim of this paper is to discuss the features and mechanism of soil evolution of debris flow waste-shoal land so as to search for the available modes of its reclamation and utilization. The Jiangjiagou Ravine, a typical debris flow ravine, was selected to study soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land based on the analysis of soil physieochemical properties and soil microstructure. It was found that the soil evolution rates of debris flow waste-shoal land varied with different modes of reclamation. For the land which had been reclaimed for less than lO years, soil evolved most rapidly in paddy fields, and more rapidly in dry farmland than in naturally restored waste-shoal land. For the land which had been used for more than lo years, the soil evolution rates of dry farmland, naturally restored waste-shoal land and paddy farmland decreased in the file. For the same utilization period of time, significant differences were recognized in soil evolution features under different modes of reclamation. Analysis data showed that soil clay content, soil thickness, the psephicity of skeleton particles and contents of microaggregates （〈0.02 mm） in paddy farmland were all highest. Soil nutrients and porosity of dry farmland were better than those of paddy farmland and naturally restored waste-shoal land, and those of paddy farmland were superior to those of naturally restored waste-shoal land. Paddy farmland characterized by rapid pedogenesis, stable evolution and high utilizability was the priority candidate for the reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste -shoal land.     

甘肃省席芨水地区遥感蚀变信息提取及找矿远景分析

在地质工作程度较低、基岩出露较好的地区,充分重视遥感数据的使用,可有效地缩小工作靶区,提高找矿效率。该文以甘肃省席芨水地区为研究区,基于ETM+遥感数据,利用多元数据分析、准归一化、掩膜分析、主成分分析、密度分割等方法,从Landsat7ETM+数据中提取金矿化蚀变信息。在遥感地质解译的基础上,充分分析提取的羟基异常和铁染异常,结合区域地质特征、区域成控矿条件及区域物化探异常特征等,尽可能去掉假、弱异常。结果表明:该方法能有效消除植被、水系、阴影等干扰信息的影响,从遥感数据载体中提取微弱的金矿化蚀变信息。提取的矿化蚀变信息与断裂构造具有较好的相关性,主要分布于断裂构造交会处、断裂与岩体交会处等成矿优势部位,对今后的找矿工作具有一定的指导意义。     

碰撞前印度大陆北缘古地理轮廓——藏南晚白垩世堆拉灰岩古地磁研究

堆拉灰岩的古地磁数据为重建碰撞前印度大陆北缘轮廓提供了重要制约,但也留下了一些疑点,为此,本文对该地区晚白垩世海相沉积开展了进一步的古地磁研究。通过对10个采点样品的系统退磁及统计分析,得到宗山组最下段经地层校正后的特征剩磁分量为D=168.2°,I=-7.3°,α95=7.5°。该分量与前人从该地区宗山组中、上段得到的古地磁结果无显著区别,并在95%的置信水平上通过褶皱检验,表明剩磁是褶皱前获得的。尽管如此,堆拉晚白垩世灰岩统一的负极性特征与其沉积期间(Turonian-Maastrichtian)对应的古地磁标准极性柱不符,表明该地区宗山组不同层位可能普遍遭遇了重磁化,不能用来约束喜马拉雅地体的古地理位置。基于以上考虑,本文仅用前人从岗巴宗山地区获得的古地磁结果对晚白垩世期间特提斯喜马拉雅地体的古地理位置进行了计算和修正,结果显示该地体在宗山组上段沉积期间(约71~65Ma)的古纬度约为9°S,计算得到当时大印度的北向延伸量为1500km,与前人从宗浦组得到的古地磁结果一致。     

三江源生态保护和建设一期工程生态成效评估

基于生态系统结构--服务动态过程趋势分析,针对生态保护与建设工程预期目标,构建了由生态系统结构,质量,服务及其变化因素构成的生态成效评估指标体系,研究发展野外观测,遥感监测和生态过程定量模拟一体化的监测评估技术体系,评估了三江源生态保护和建设一期工程的生态成效.结果表明:工程实施8年以来,三江源区宏观生态状况趋好但尚未达到1970s比较好的生态状况,草地持续退化趋势得到初步遏制但难以达到预期"草地植被盖度提高平均20%~40%"的目标,水体与湿地生态系统整体有所恢复,生态系统水源涵养和流域水供给能力提高,区域水源涵养量达到了增加13.20亿m³目标;重点工程区内生态恢复程度好于非工程区,除了气候影响以外,工程的实施对促进植被恢复具有明显而积极的作用;然而,草地退化局面没有获得根本性扭转,工程实施尚未遏制土壤水蚀增加趋势,一期工程局部性和初步性特点突显出三江源区生态保护任务的长期性和艰巨性.     

一个新的非恒定型不规则波缓坡方程

缓坡方程由Ｂｅｒｋｈｏｆ所推导并在规则波折射绕射问题的研究上有着广泛的应用。然而对于不规则波折射绕射问题研究，缓坡方程还处于发展研究阶段，本文采用Ｐａｄｅ近似并仿Ｋｕｂｏ方法对缓坡波动方程进行了推导，得到了一个含有时间高阶导数项的不规则波缓坡方程，随即采用ＷＫＢ方法对这个不规则波的缓坡方程进行了简化，推导出一个较为实用的含有一阶时间导数的不规则波缓坡的波动方程。通过数值手段对所推导的不规则波缓坡方程进行了数值模拟，其结果与物模实验较为一致     

The New Form of Time-Dependent Mild Slope Equation for Random Waves

The mild-slope equation derived by Berkhoff (1972), has widely been used in the numerical calculation of refraction and diffraction of regular waves. However, it is well known that the random sea waves has a significant effect in the refraction and diffraction problems. In this paper, a new form of time-dependent mild slope equation for irregular waves was derived with Fade approximation and Kubo's time series concept. The equation was simplified using WKB method, and simple and practical irregular mild slope equation was obtained. Results of numerical calculations are compared with those of laboratory experiments.     

The circulation in the southern Huanghai Sea and northern East China Sea in June 1999

On the basis of hydrographic data and current measurement (the mooring system, vessel-mounted ADCP and toward ADCP) data obtained in June 1999, the circulations in the southern Huang-hai Sea (HS) and northern East China Sea (ECS) are computed by using the modified inverse method. The Kuroshio flows northeastward through eastern part of the investigated region and has the main core at Section PN, a northward flow at the easternmost part of Section PN, a weaker anti-cyclonic eddy between these two northward flows, and a weak cyclonic eddy at the western part of Section PN. The above current structure is one type of the current structures at Section PN in ECS. The net northward volume transport (VT) of the Kuroshio and the offshore branch of Taiwan Warm Current (TWCOB) through Section PN is about 26.2×106m3/s in June 1999. The VT of the inshore branch of Taiwan Warm Current (TWCIB) through the investigated region is about 0.4×106m3/s. The Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) has much effect on the currents over the