山西堡子湾金矿床元素地球化学成矿预测研究

堡子湾金矿是华北地台北缘受印支－燕山期线性隐爆角砾岩带控制的金矿床,产于角砾岩体内,产状与角砾岩体基本一致,对该金矿进行了平面,剖面,纵投影面的元素地球化学研究,通过相关分析确定了最佳指示元素,建立了元素地球化学异常模式,进行了回归预测、用与金相关性最好的Ａｓ／Ｎｉ值进行了预测及综合预测,确定了有利的找矿部位。     

龙门山前陆盆地形成与演化

本文将龙门山前陆盆地和龙门山冲断带作为一个地质整体进行了研究，并将构造地层学和层序地层学相结合的综合地层学的分析方法作为分析龙门山前陆盆地沉积的基础，以不整合面和其对应面将盆地充填序列分割为构造层序和层序，对应于不同成盆期和同一成盆期不同演化阶段，阐明龙门山前陆盆地充填序列和沉积体积三维空间配置形式及其在时间上的演化，初步建立了龙门山前陆盆地地层格架，进而研究龙门山冲断带逆部推覆作用对龙门山前陆盆     

试论岩溶在沉积—改造铅锌矿床形成中的作用

在碳酸盐岩地区广泛分布着一些沉积—改造铅锌矿床.其主要改造作用目前一般概括为地下(热)水作用.本文通过比较地下水改造成矿作用与岩溶作用之间的关系,论证岩溶在矿床形成中起着重要作用,即地下水改造富积成矿作用主要为岩溶作用.     

活动断裂带的壤中气汞量测量研究

在覆盖区应用壤中气汞量测量研究活动断裂是一种新方法,它不仅能较准确地确定活动断裂的位置,还可以确定其产状,规模,活动性及相对强度,甚至可以作为确定断裂力学性质的参考,本文简棕了断裂带壤中气汞量测量的基本原理,并以长江三峡,长春,吉林等地利用该种方法研究活动断裂的成果为例,说明该项研究的效果及应用前景。     

嘉鱼断裂西向延伸与第四系活动特征

嘉鱼断裂为已证实的隐伏断层。该断裂从洪湖老湾西南横切长江,沿近东西—北东东向延展,经嘉鱼县城东北马鞍山北缘向东延伸于斧头湖,长约40 km,该断裂东端已有明显出露,而断裂尾部并没有明显出露。由于区内小尺度物探资料的缺乏,使得该断裂的走向和活动性都缺少相关证据。本文利用浅层地震反射结合折射层析成像方法,采用2 m道间距接收人工地震波,利用多次覆盖技术和密集炮集折射记录,分别对数据进行反射处理和层析成像,获取了浅层地震反射剖面和高分辨率折射层析成像剖面,并参考相关区域地震安全性评价钻孔资料进行解译。综合研究结果表明：浅层地震反射和高分辨率折射联合应用可互补,尤其在外界干扰较为严重的区域,利用高分辨率折射层析成像可减少浅层地震反射对断层的误判。此外,研究结果证实了嘉鱼断裂的具体位置,其性质为北盘下降、南盘上升的正断层,且该断层错断了第四系沉积层。     

Distribution and geochemical significance of trace elements in shale rocks and their residual kerogens

There is a dearth of information about the distribution of trace elements in kerogen from shale rocks despite several reports on trace element composition in many shale samples. In this study, trace elements in shale rocks and their residual kerogens were determined by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. The results from this study show redox-sensitive elements relatively concentrated in the kerogens as compared to the shales. This may be primarily due to the adsorption and complexation ability of kerogen, which enables enrichment in Ni, Co, Cu, and Zn. For the rare earth elements (REEs), distinct distribution characteristics were observed for shales dominated by terrigenous minerals and their kerogen counterparts. However, shales with less input of terrigenous minerals showed similar REE distribution patterns to their residual kerogen. It is speculated that the distribution patterns of the REEs in shales and kerogens may be source-related.     

The morphological characteristics of gully systems and watersheds in Dry-Hot Valley,SW China

Gully systems and watersheds are geomorphic units with clear boundaries that are relatively independent of basin landscapes and play an important role in natural geography. In order to explore the morphological characteristics of gully systems and watersheds in the Dry-Hot Valley [South West (SW) China], gullies are interpreted from online Google images with high resolution and watersheds are extracted from digital elevation model at a scale of 1:50,000. The results show that: (1) There are 17,382 gullies (with a total area of 1141.66 km²) and 42 watersheds in the study area. (2) The average gully density of the study area (D) is 4.29 km/km², gully frequency (F) is 14.39 gullies/km², the branching ratio (B) is 5.13, the length ratio (L) is 3.12, and the coefficient of the main and tributary gullies (M) is 0.06. The degree of gully erosion is strong to extremely strong, the main development intensity of gully erosion ranges from intense to moderate, and the type of gully system is tributary. (3) The watershed areas (A) are between 0.39 and 96.43 km², the relief ratio (R) is from 0.10 to 0.19, the circularity ratio (C) is from 0.30 to 0.83, the texture ratio (T) is from 0.82 to 39.35, and the dominant geomorphological texture type is fine. (4) There is a quantitative relationship between F and D:F?=?0.624D² (R?=0.84) and T is closely related to D, F, M (R²?>?0.7). A, R and C are related to M (R²?>?0.5). The development of gully systems is the result of coupling effects between multiple factors. In this area, the degree of erosion and the condition of the main and tributary gullies can be controlled by the degree of topographic breakage in the watershed, which provides some theoretical basis for the evaluation of gully erosion by the latter. In addition, the scale, relief, and shape have a significant impact on the locations of the main and tributary gullies. For tributary gullies, attention should be paid to the interception and control of runoff and sediment in the small confluence branches in order to prevent gully expansion and head advance. These features can inform the development of targeted measures for the control of soil erosion.     

珠藏向斜煤样孔隙结构的差异性及其对渗流能力的影响

利用压汞、低温氮吸附、扫描电镜等手段,分析了织纳煤田珠藏向斜主煤层3件煤样(青山,国安,红岩脚)的孔隙结构与渗流能力。结果表明,3件煤样均以过渡孔为主,大孔与微孔占较大比例,中孔所占比例较低,孔比表面积都集中在过渡孔和微孔上;较大孔隙为开放性孔,较小直径的孔隙主要为半开放性孔,退汞效率高,孔隙连通性较好;青山煤样和国安煤样孔径-孔容分布的连续性较好,煤层气解吸-扩散能力可能更强;红岩脚煤样大孔段孔径分布连续性极差,部分孔隙孤立发育;青山煤样大孔段孔径分布连续性相对较好,发育未被充填的微裂隙和植物细胞孔。孔隙-裂隙的这一发育特征,可能是造成青山煤空气渗透率相对高于红岩脚煤的内在原因。     

贵州水银洞金矿构造蚀变体稀土元素地球化学特征

水银洞金矿构造蚀变体(SBT)为产出于茅口租(P2m)和龙潭组(P3l)之间不整合面上的一套强硅化灰岩、灰岩角砾岩、硅化粘土岩组合.呆用ICP-MS测定钻孔岩芯中构造蚀变体样品稀土元素组成,对比研究SBT围岩、区域岩浆岩及现代海底热水系统流体稀土元素组成.结果显示,SBT的轻重稀土分馏明显[LREE/HREE=4.92～17.51,(La/Yb)N=5.94～38.37],曲线右倾型;轻稀土分异明显,曲线右倾程度大;重稀土分异不明显,曲线平坦;负Eu(0.61～0.94)、Ce(0.52～1.07)异常明显;SBT及围岩均具有明显W型稀土元素四分组效应,而不同于区域岩浆岩和现代海底热水系统流体,表明热液流体来源以壳源为主.     

内蒙古阿巴嘎旗必鲁甘干钼铜多金属矿床地质特征及找矿前景

内蒙古自治区阿巴嘎旗必鲁甘干钼铜矿床,是内蒙古二连-东乌旗成矿带上近几年新发现的一个中型斑岩型矿床,矿体主要赋存于二长花岗斑岩及二叠系沉积地层中.化探工作发现,成矿元素Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu、Mo、W异常形态复杂,存在多个浓集中心,总体呈NE向展布,各元素异常浓度中心吻合,元素间套合良好.矿体形成与硅化、钾化、绢英岩化等蚀变有关,成矿与构造、岩浆活动、成矿热液活动关系密切.本文在总结该矿床的地质与化探特征基础上提出其成矿规律,为本区下一步找矿提供借鉴.