BAC end sequencing of Pacific white shrimp <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis>: a glimpse into the genome of Penaeid shrimp

Little is known about the genome of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To address this, we conducted BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) end sequencing of L. vannamei. We selected and sequenced 7 812 BAC clones from the BAC library LvHE from the two ends of the inserts by Sanger sequencing. After trimming and quality filtering, 11 279 BAC end sequences (BESs) including 4 609 paired- ends BESs were obtained. The total length of the BESs was 4 340 753 bp, representing 0.18% of the L. vannamei haploid genome. The lengths of the BESs ranged from 100 bp to 660 bp with an average length of 385 bp. Analysis of the BESs indicated that the L. vannamei genome is AT-rich and that the primary repeats patterns were simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and low complexity sequences. Dinucleotide and hexanucleotide repeats were the most common SSR types in the BESs. The most abundant transposable element was gypsy, which may contribute to the generation of the large genome size of L. vannamei. We successfully annotated 4 519 BESs by BLAST searching, including genes involved in immunity and sex determination. Our results provide an important resource for functional gene studies, map construction and integration, and complete genome assembly for this species.     

特征约束的四面体生成方法与案例分析

 在虚拟地理环境(VGE)建模过程中,由于地学领域分析对象普遍具有边界复杂、空间特征约束较多(包括点、线、面、内洞)等特点,并且地学分析和计算对网格质量要求较高,故而难以构建能够准确顾及地学对象复杂的特征约束且满足地学分析的高质量三维网格。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种约束型Delaunay四面体网格离散算法,即首先将复杂地学对象及其各种特征约束表示为分段连续线性组合物(Piecewise Linear Complexes,PLC)中的一系列约束点、约束线段和约束面,然后利用PLC中的点集进行Delaunay四面体初始剖分,在网格离散过程中通过添加额外的节点,逐一恢复丢失的约束线段和约束面,利用限定网格单元最大半径边长比(或体积)来控制网格质量。利用该算法可以产生既满足各种特征约束条件又具有高质量的四面体网格。     

基于TM遥感数据的汶川地震极重灾区生态恢复研究

本文以地震极重灾区2006、2008和2011年3期Landsat TM遥感影像为数据源,利用GIS提取灾区土地利用信息,结合坡度和高程等地形因子对灾区主要生态系统面积的变化进行综合分析.结果表明:2008年地震对灾区生态环境造成严重破坏,使研究区农田、森林和草地生态系统分别减少了124.6km2、461.6km2和9...     

利用sPn震相计算九江-瑞昌地区地震的震源深度

近震震相sPn与Pn到时差与震中距无关,只与震源深度和地壳模型有关.应用此方法,计算了发生在九江-瑞昌地区两次地震的震源深度,结果表明,利用区域台网sPn-Pn的到时差确定地震震源深度较为可信.根据华南地区速度模型,建立了九江-瑞昌地区sPn与Pn到时差与震源深度便查表.     

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??????TRACK????????????λ????????????ο???????????GPS????????е?????????????????????????????????????????????????·??Ч?С??0.2 m???????????????????????????????????????ο??????????????λ?????????????????????GIPSY??PANDA????????????????????     

GPS气象预报的可行性分析

基于中国区域5个IGS跟踪站的实测GPS数据,利用Bernese 4.2软件反演了部分典型测站上空的可降水量,并分析了该降水量变化与降雨之间的关系,探讨了将GPS应用于气象预报的可行性.     

渝东南民俗文化的地理印迹

渝东南民俗文化极具特色,而这种特色文化正是与渝东南地区特定的地理环境相伴相生的。本文从渝东南地区地理环境着手,研究渝东南民居、饮食、服饰、歌舞等民俗文化的形成、发展与地理环境的相互关系,探索地理因素对民俗文化的影响,并对民俗文化的保护与开发给出合理建议。     

基于分形维度法的都市区城市蔓延分析——以广佛为例

根据1957与1982年两个时期的地形图并结合1995与2008年的遥感卫星影像提取城镇建设用地专题信息,利用ArcGIS建立广佛都市区城镇建设用地数据库,采用分形维度的计算方法,对广佛都市区城市蔓延的情况进行测度和分析。结果表明广佛都市区三个发展阶段城镇建设用地面积增长速度并不均匀,具有加速发展的特点。四个测度年份的分形维数分别为1.645 4,1.628 5,1.558 6和1.527 0,均在1～2之间,分形维数呈递降趋势,总体下降了0.118 4,城市发展模式由紧凑型逐渐向松散型演变,存在城市蔓延情况,而且城市发展模式以年均0.14%的速度从紧凑型向松散型演变。广佛都市区城市蔓延的地域分异较为明显,具有较强的空间集聚性和中心向心性,广州和佛山毗邻地区以及中心城区是城市蔓延的活跃区和集中区,1982-1995年间研究区内蔓延速度比1995-2008年间要快。通过深入分析发现,经济快速发展、城市人口的持续增长、交通道路网络的建设是广佛都市区快速扩张和城市蔓延的基本动力因素之一,开发区土地扩张,进一步加剧了无序扩张和城市蔓延。     

Chitosan extends the shelf-life of filleted tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during refrigerated storage

Shelf-life extension of aquatic products is of significant economical importance. To determine the potential effect of chitosan on the shelf-life of filleted tilapia, this study analyzed the bacterial community diversity in fresh and spoiled tilapia fillets stored at (4 ± 1)℃ and examined the antimicrobial activity of chitosan against relevant bacteria isolates. Results showed that Pseudomonas (20%) and Aeromonas (16%) were abundant in fresh tilapia fillets, whereas Pseudomonas (52%), Aeromonas (32%) and Staphylococcus (12%) were dominant in the spoiled samples. Chitosan showed wide-spectrum antibacterial activity against bacteria isolated from tilapia and 5.0 g L-1 chitosan was selected for application in preservation. We further determined the shelf-life of chitosan-treated, filleted tilapia stored at (4 ± 1)℃ based on microbiological, biochemical and sensory analyses. Results showed that the shelf-life of chitosan-treated, filleted tilapia was extended to 12 d, whereas that of untreated, control samples was 6 d. These indicate that chitosan, as a natural preservative, has great application potential in the shelf-life extension of tilapia fillets.     

无定形碳酸钙结合蛋白对鼠前成骨细胞MC3T3-E1碱性磷酸酶活性的影响

以 MC3T3-E1细胞系为实验材料,探讨了真核表达的重组蛋白 rACCBP 对成骨细胞的作用.结果表明:rACCBP 对 MC3T3-E1的分化具有抑制作用,用含有0.001 g/mL rACCBP 的 DMEM 培养液,培养8 d 后细胞的ALP 活性仅为7.187 U/mg,远低于参照的11.917 U/mg; rACCBP 削弱了 dexamethane 和 ascorbic acid 对 MC3T3-E1的诱导作用