利用MATLAB实现图像处理与分析

本文通过对图像的均衡操作、二值图像的处理、小波去噪等实例，介绍了MATLAB进行图像处理和分析的实用方法与技巧，它对各种软钉包、进行图像处理和分析等，提供了高效便捷的方法。     

3Dsurs系统激光扫描点的理论精度评定

从理论上详细分析车载式城市信息采集与3维建模系统(3Dsurs系统)激光扫描点的误差来源,误差主要包括GPS接收机天线定位误差、车载平台姿态测量误差、坐标传递误差和扫描仪标定误差,利用误差传播定律严密推导系统的误差影响,分析并评定系统的理论精度。通过理论分析和大量试验计算表明:当车载系统距离扫描立面为50m左右,物方扫描点精度在10cm左右,而距离为100m左右,物方扫描点精度为20cm左右,该精度能够满足1:2000比例尺的测图要求。     

地面地下空间信息采集车及试验结果

介绍地面地下空间信息采集车的原理和结构,给出了利用GPS-RTK辅以全站仪和地下管线探测仪实现地下管线勘、测、管一体化的原理,以及获取管线三维坐标的数学模型。通过试验验证了地面地下空间信息采集车的可行性,其精度满足《城市地下管线探测技术规程》的要求。     

苏通大桥南主塔墩特大型钢吊箱GPS-RTK测量监控技术

苏通大桥南主塔墩承台钢吊箱长117.35 m,宽51.7 m,高14.4 m,总重量达5 800t,是目前世界上体积及重量最大的桥梁钢吊箱,本文阐述了在钢吊箱的拼装、下放及就位三个关键施工环节中,以GPS RTK卫星定位技术为主要测量手段的钢吊箱施工测控技术.     

GIS支持下的小流域水土保持应用研究

以黄河水土保持生态工程邙山生态园区邙山小流域水土保持为例,基于GIS技术,采用高分辨率遥感卫星IKONOS和高精度1∶1万比例尺DEM数据源,对小流域土地利用、植被覆盖、土壤侵蚀等进行了分析,建立了一个初步的水土保持应用系统.实现了水土保持信息查询、水土保持系列制图、水文特征分析、土壤侵蚀量估算等功能,对推进空间信息技术在水土保持领域应用进行了有益的探索.     

建筑物立面激光点云的定位

车载式近景目标3维测量系统,采用激光扫描仪获取建筑物立面点云。激光点云仅具有扫描仪坐标系下的坐标,不便于其他数据融合进行3维建模。文中根据系统的特点和要求,通过建立相应的坐标系,利用已有或优化的坐标转换模型确定坐标系之间的坐标转换关系。依据基准点与载体平台GPS接收机之间同步观测数据将激光点云在扫描仪坐标系下的坐标经过多次坐标转换,得到基准点所在当地坐标系下的坐标。使系统实现了满足精度要求的建筑物立面激光点云的定位工作。     

一种QoS保证的容错拓扑控制算法

提出了一种QoS保证的容错拓扑控制算法,该算法能够构建干扰最小的K连通拓扑结构,并使任意节点间的最短(最小跳数)路径的干扰最小。仿真结果表明,在保持相同强度抗毁能力的同时,新的算法降低了网络中的干扰,更好地改善了网络的传输性能。     

地铁控制基标归化改正原理及编程实现

介绍了控制基标在地铁建设中的作用和测设步骤,总结了铺轨基标归化改正计算的理论依据和基本计算方法,建立了数学模型。同时在VB6.0环境下编程,实现了归化改正点位的自动判定以及改正值的自动计算,介绍了编程原理,并提供了流程图及工程实例。     

井间电阻率层析成象的某些进展

用有限元法作电阻率层析成象的核心问题是Ｊａｃｏｂｉ矩阵的求取和反演成象算法的研究。本文主要论述了这两方面的最新进展，即求取Ｊａｃｏｂｉ矩阵的格林函数法，用于反演成象计算的平滑度约束反演。文中通过理论模型的成象计算，比较了两种反演算法的成象效果。     

Role of reservoir regulation and groundwater feedback in a simulated ground-soil-vegetation continuum: A long-term regional scale analysis

The regional terrestrial water cycle is strongly altered by human activities. Among them, reservoir regulation is a way to spatially and temporally allocate water resources in a basin for multi-purposes. However, it is still not sufficiently understood how reservoir regulation modifies the regional terrestrial- and subsequently, the atmospheric water cycle. To address this question, the representation of reservoir regulation into the terrestrial component of fully coupled regional Earth system models is required. In this study, an existing process-based reservoir network module is implemented into NOAH-HMS, that is, the terrestrial component of an atmospheric–hydrologic modelling system, namely, the WRF-HMS. It allows to quantitatively differentiate role of reservoir regulation and of groundwater feedback in a simulated ground-soil-vegetation continuum. Our study focuses on the Poyang Lake basin, where the largest freshwater lake of China and reservoirs of different sizes are located. As compared to streamflow observations, the newly extended NOAH-HMS slightly improves the streamflow and streamflow duration curves simulation for the Poyang Lake basin for the period 1979–1986. The inclusion of reservoir regulation leads to major changes in the simulated groundwater recharges and evaporation from reservoirs at local scale, but has minor effects on the simulated soil moisture and surface runoff at basin scale. The performed groundwater feedback sensitivity analysis shows that the strength of the groundwater feedback is not altered by the consideration of reservoir regulation. Furthermore, both reservoir regulation and groundwater feedback modify the partitioning of the simulated evapotranspiration, thus affecting the atmospheric water cycle in the Poyang Lake region. This finding motivates future research with our extended fully coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modelling system by the community.