话语权结构对国土空间规划方案的影响机理与优化策略

从话语权结构入手,分析规划制度因素对国土空间规划方案的影响机理,提出适应国土空间规划体系的优化话语权结构的策略建议。研究发现：① 由于利益主体短期内不会发生变化,真正影响国土空间规划的是不同利益主体的话语权结构。随着中国规划体制的改革,要形成有序的国土空间规划体系,最核心的是要在细分领域确定不同层级政府的话语权结构。② 不同层级规划的冲突主要表现在规模和空间两个方面,相对于国土空间上位规划的“三区三线”理想方案,六盘水市城市规划的建设类用地面积偏大27.9%,保护类用地面积偏小9.3%。冲突的原因是缺乏上级规划对下级规划的管控机制以及下级规划对上级规划的衔接机制。③ 通过分解传导以及集合传导机制,构建了细分领域的不同层级政府话语权结构体系,实现了不同层级国土空间规划的分级传导和分级管控。     

“一带一路”下旅游文化产业的大数据体系架构与实施途径研究

本文探究“一带一路”旅游大数据的产业创新体系架构,明确“旅游文化建设、旅游消费习性培育、跨域资源协作”等产业创新路径,明晰沿线各国的文化融合途径,构建以“文化通”为内涵的旅游大数据体系。通过文献梳理、质化研究和实时数据分析,建构适用性旅游大数据架构,解决“一带一路”旅游文化产业中的信息稀疏、习性碎片化和诚信不足等现实困难,助力沿线各国的旅游发展新局面。借鉴应用系统工程中霍尔三维支撑理论,从知识、时间和逻辑三个维度,搭建新时代条件下旅游业态的以价值集聚、诚信保护和旅游文化传承为核心的创新途径支持体系,为旅游经济管理理论,提供了一个全新的研究视角。     

Temporal-Spatial Variation of Surface Suspended Matter and Controlling Factors in the Inner Shelf of the East China Sea in Winter

Based on the observed surface suspended matter in the East China Sea in February 2007 and June 2015, an empirical model was established using L1 b's band 4 data to retrieve surface suspended matter from the Moderate Resolution Imagine Spectroradiometer Terra imagery. The squared correlation coefficient is 0.8358, and the root mean square error is 0.4285 mg L-1. The model reflects the distribution characteristics of surface suspended matter in the inner shelf of the East China Sea. In this paper, the satellite images of the study area were retrieved in January from 2001 to 2015, and the monthly distribution of surface suspended matter were obtained. The inter-annual distribution of the study area is similar, and the concentration of surface suspended matter is higher near the shore than offshore. A large amount of surface suspended matter is transported southeast under the influence of Zhejiang and Fujian coastal current and Taiwan warm current. Only a small amount of surface suspension can reach the Kuroshio area. The surface suspended matter concentration changes obviously near the estuary because of the effect of differences in the flux of the Yangtze River. Meanwhile, winter monsoon, temperature front, El Ni?o events, and other factors affect the distribution of surface suspended matter in 100 m isobath to coastal water but minimally influence the distribution in 100 m isobath to deep sea.     

基于多旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量的沙丘三维形态研究

无人机倾斜摄影技术是近年来发展起来的新型测量方法,具有高效率、高精度、非接触、大范围等优点。本研究采用多旋翼无人机,结合精确测定的地面控制点,实现了对新月形沙丘群三维形态的精确测量。结果表明：无人机倾斜摄影测量的均方根误差小于18 mm,可以满足大比例尺地形测量的要求。利用该技术获取的多种测量参数表明,新月形沙丘二维与三维形态之间存在良好的相关性,基于这些关系,可以实现二维遥感影像量测结果向沙丘高度、沙丘体积等三维参数的转换。沙丘剖面形态可以采用非线性函数精确描述,为沙丘形态精确建模提供了参考。无人机倾斜摄影技术获取的沙丘三维形态参数,对于深入认识沙丘形态动力过程具有重要参考价值。     

车辆碾压作用下戈壁地表起尘浓度

通过野外观测车辆碾压作用下戈壁地表PM₁₀释放浓度,探讨其主要影响因素。针对戈壁区砾石、砂砾、砂质和砂土4种路面类型,应用TSI粉尘仪多次重复观测车辆碾压产生的PM₁₀浓度,进而阐明碾压次数、车速和地表水分等因素对起尘浓度的影响。结果表明：4种路面的平均起尘浓度依次为5.339、9.089、16.944、50.251 mg·m^-3,是自然状态下的5~50倍;起尘浓度随碾压次数增多而增大,其中砂土路情况下的增长最显著;随土层厚度的增大呈现出幂函数的增长趋势;降雨后路面起尘浓度显著减小,且降雨量会影响降雨后起尘浓度的变化趋势。最后提出了针对性的建议和措施以减弱车辆碾压导致的戈壁地表起尘。     

Transition-region explosive events produced by plasmoid instability

Magnetic reconnection is thought to be a key process in most solar eruptions. Thanks to highresolution observations and simulations, the studied scale of the reconnection process has become smaller and smaller. Spectroscopic observations show that the reconnection site can be very small, which always exhibits a bright core and two extended wings with fast speeds, i.e., transition-region explosive events.In this paper, using the PLUTO code, we perform a 2-D magnetohydrodynamic simulation to investigate small-scale reconnection in double current sheets. Based on our simulation results, such as the line-of-sight velocity, number density and plasma temperature, we can synthesize the line profile of SiIV 1402.77? which is a well known emission line used to study transition-region explosive events on the Sun. The synthetic line profile of Si IV 1402.77? is complex with a bright core and two broad wings which can extend to nearly 200 km s^-1. Our simulation results suggest that the transition-region explosive events on the Sun are produced by plasmoid instability during small-scale magnetic reconnection.     

A method for aligning the plastic scintillator detector on DAMPE

The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) onboard the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is designed to measure cosmic ray charge(Z) and to act as a veto detector for gamma ray identification.To fully exploit the charge identification potential of PSD and to enhance its capability to identify gamma ray events, we develop an alignment method for the PSD. The path length of a given track in the volume of a PSD bar is derived taking into account the shift and rotation alignment corrections. By examining energy spectra of corner-passing events and fully contained events, position shifts and rotations of all PSD bars are obtained, and are found to be on average about 1 mm and 0.0015 radian respectively. To validate the alignment method, we introduce artificial shifts and rotations of PSD bars into the detector simulation.These shift and rotation parameters can be recovered successfully by the alignment procedure. As a result of the PSD alignment procedure, the charge resolution of the PSD is improved from 4% to 8%, depending on the nuclei.     

建筑物侧面轮廓线约束的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物高度估算方法

针对现有利用阴影长度法提取建筑物高度时存在的阴影间相互遮挡问题,提出了一种基于建筑物侧面轮廓线进行建筑物高度估算的新方法。首先,利用RPC模型计算建筑物像点位移的方向与卫星成像角度,再将遥感影像进行旋转,使建筑物像点位移沿水平方向;然后,利用Canny算法进行轮廓检测,并构建一定长度的矩形形态学结构元素,对轮廓图像进行形态学开运算,以提取侧面轮廓线,再利用Hough变换与建筑物角点约束,对所提取的轮廓线进一步筛选;最后,根据卫星侧视成像时建筑物高度与像点位移的几何关系进行建筑物的高度估算。利用实际的高分辨率卫星影像对本文方法进行了验证,并与阴影法估算建筑物高度进行了对比。试验结果证明,利用建筑物侧面轮廓线进行建筑物高度估算平均误差可以达到0.7 m,且实际精度优于使用阴影法进行建筑物高度估算。     

态势感知模式下的互联网“问题地图”监管工作探究

近年来,传统的媒体网站和新兴的微博、微信等自媒体平台上使用地图配合相关新闻的报道呈明显上升趋势。目前,我国行业主管部门已经建立了相应的软件监管平台,每天都有大量的“问题地图”被系统监测到。但当“问题地图”被监测到之后,系统采用的数据存储方式远不能适应当今大数据时代多维度、立体式数字信息存储、分析的发展潮流。本文通过对态势感知技术的研究,结合互联网“问题地图”监管工作的具体特点,设计了“问题地图”模型的格式及“问题地图”大数据库规格,并以此为基础模拟制定几类“问题地图”态势分析模式,对态势感知模式下的互联网“问题地图”监管工作进行了探究,使国家互联网地理信息监管的相关工作能够得到进一步发展。     

一种基于GA-BP-MC神经网络的高铁桥墩沉降预测模型

提出一种基于马尔科夫链修正的遗传BP神经网络预测模型（GA-BP-MC）,利用遗传算法的全局寻优能力初始化BP神经网络权值和阈值,初步建立GA-BP神经网络预测模型,结合马尔科夫链的无后效性修正模型预测值,形成高精度GA-BP-MC神经网络变形预测模型。结合高铁桥墩沉降数据,分别与BP神经网络、GA-BP神经网络预测模型进行对比,结果表明,该预测模型精度最高。