天然地震促进孔隙流体迁移机制的探讨及两类模型分析

随着当今油气勘探工作的深入,油气运移机制的研究愈发重要.近来国内外关于天然地震引起油气井产量变化,油气开采诱发地震的研究报道很多.一系列的观测事实表明强震具有巨大的地下流体运移力,天然地震对油气运移成藏有着显著的影响,很可能是多震油气藏区域油气运移的主要机制.本文从岩石骨架与孔隙流体相互耦合作用机理出发,分析较适合的固液耦合模型(包括宏观和微观模型),探讨和综述天然地震与油气二次运移成藏之间的深层次联系,提出了微宏观模型融合分析的观点,以期从震控油气二次运移的物理学机制角度为复杂多地震区域下的油气藏的勘探、开发提供理论依据和信息参考.     

海原断裂带分段地震潜势分析

利用近年来在海原断裂带各断裂段取得的最新古地震资料,通过实时概率模型,对海原断裂带东段、中段、西段进行了地震潜势的定量评估。得出海原断裂带东段、中段、西段未来100年内发生7级以上地震的概率分别为3．15％、11．35％、5．15％,未来200年内发生7级以上地震的概率分别为6．05％、22．8％、9．75％。     

龙陵-瑞丽断裂北段晚第四纪活动性特征及强震复发间隔

野外地质地貌调查表明,龙陵-瑞丽断裂(南支)北段是以左旋走滑为主兼具一定正断分量的区域性活动断裂.断裂晚更新世以来的平均水平滑动速率为2.2mm/a,平均垂直滑动速率为0.6mm/a;全新世以来的平均水平滑动速率为1.8-3.0mm/a,平均垂直滑动速率为0.5mm/a.断裂在晚更新世以来的滑动速率在不同的时间尺度上变化不大,反映出该断裂晚更新世以来的活动强度比较稳定.利用Poisson模型、Lognormal模型、BPT模型三种概率模型计算获得未来50a强震发震概率分别是:6.32％、0.08％、0.05％;三种模型分别取权重0.28、0.36、0.36,获得龙陵-瑞丽断裂北段未来50a特征地震发震概率为1.82％.     

NagiosQL软件在开源网络管理系统中的应用

NagiosQL开源软件,实现了对Nagios系统的监控对象、监控命令、分组信息等配置要素的图形化管理工作,方便了Nagios系统的进一步深入应用.本文阐述NagiosQL软件在天津市地震局开源网络管理系统中的应用,包括与Nagios系统的集成、联调和使用情况,是开源软件在地震行业中新的应用参考.     

Inclined lidar observations of boundary layer aerosol particles above the Kongsfjord,Svalbard

An inclined lidar with vertical resolution of 0.4 m was used for detailed boundary layer studies and to link observations at Zeppelin Mountain (474 m) and Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. We report on the observation of aerosol layers directly above the Kongsfjord. On 29 April 2007, a layer of enhanced backscatter was observed in the lowest 25 m above the open water surface. The low depolarization ratio indicated spherical particles. In the afternoon, this layer disappeared. The ultrafine particle concentration at Zeppelin and Corbel station (close to the Kongsfjord) was low. On 1 May 2007, a drying process in the boundary layer was observed. In the morning, the atmosphere up to Zeppelin Mountain showed enhanced values of the backscatter coefficient. Around noon, the top of the highly reflecting boundary layer decreased from 350 to 250 m. The top of the boundary layer observed by lidar was confirmed by radiosonde data.     

珠江三角洲晚第四纪风化层稀土元素地球化学特征*

珠江三角洲地区上更新统与全新统之间广泛发育1层杂色黏土,其成因多认为主要是由上更新统沉积物在末次冰盛期暴露于地表风化而成。对取自珠江三角洲3条钻孔（PRD09、PRD16和PRD17）的岩心样品分析表明,受风化作用的影响,其稀土元素含量和分异特征发生了较明显的变化。杂色黏土层的稀土总量大大低于下伏沉积物,而在邻近风化层的下伏沉积物中稀土元素却表现为明显富集,尤其是重稀土元素的富集。风化作用强度较大的PRD09孔和PRD17孔下伏沉积物中的稀土富集程度高于风化作用强度相对较小的PRD16孔。珠江三角洲在末次冰盛期时普遍发育的酸性介质条件,促进了风化层的稀土元素发生溶解和迁移。在风化过程中,由于轻、重稀土元素具有不同的溶解迁移能力和吸附能力,导致杂色黏土层的REE指标值（LREE/HREE、(La/Gd)_N和(La/Yb)_N）高于下伏沉积物。风化过程对Ce、Eu异常有一定的影响,但不十分明显,杂色黏土层的Ce、Eu异常值仅略低于下伏沉积物。     

A two-dimensional morphological model based on next generation circulation solver II: Application to Caofeidian, Bohai Bay, China

This paper is a companion of a two-part papers on the development of a two-dimensional morphological model—CurWaC2D-Sed, based on next generation circulation solver. In this paper, the model developed in paper I is applied to the large-scale construction of near-harbor industrial zone with deep water harbor by reclamation in Caofeidian, Bohai Bay, which is a typical sandbar-lagoon bay-type tidal inlet system. Characteristics of tides, currents, waves and sediments in Caofeidian are firstly analyzed with field data from comprehensive field observations carried out in 2008. These data are then used for model calibration and validation, showing a good agreement between simulated results and field measurements for tides, currents and suspended sediments. The verified model is applied to study the effects of the construction of Caofeidian embankment and the on-going engineering scheme on hydrodynamics and sediment transports as compared with no constructions under three representative tide conditions and their combinations with normal and strong waves as well as on morphology evolution. The simulated results indicate that the present scheme leads to morphological changes in Caofeidian with acceptable rates of erosion and sedimentation. However, some attentions should be paid to erosion at offshore wharf in front of Caofedian foreland which may lead to potentially increasing landslide risks due to steep slope and sedimentation in Laogonggou creek.     

0基于规则驱动的数字海图质量检测方法研究

将规则和规则库的原理和方法应用到了数字海图质量检测中,首先对数字海图质量规则的表示方法进行了介绍,在此基础上,对基于规则驱动的数字海图质量检测模型、流程和规则的定制进行了介绍,最后设计和构建了海图质量规则库的数据结构,分别对空间关系规则、属性约束规则描述表进行了定义和分析。     

壳寡糖对大菱鲆生长和免疫功能的影响

以基础饲料中添加500mg/kg壳寡糖(Chitosan oligosaccharide,COS)喂养初始体质量为(12.2±0.01)g的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)8周,研究COS对大菱鲆生长、血清免疫相关酶活性和抵抗迟缓爱德华氏菌感染能力的影响。结果表明:饲料中添加壳寡糖后,大菱鲆成活率得到提高,特定生长率和增重率分别提高了15.79%和25.26%。相比对照组,饲料中添加壳寡糖饲养的大菱鲆血液中性粒细胞的吞噬指数提高了4.51%,酸性磷酸酶活性提高了32.89%,同时,大菱鲆抵抗迟缓爱德华氏菌感染的免疫保护力显著增强(P<0.05)。研究表明,在饲料中添加壳寡糖能够提高大菱鲆的生长、非特异性免疫功能和免疫保护力。