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11.
Kazuhiko Kano Takahiro Yamamoto Koji Ono 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1996,71(2-4)
The Shinjima Pumice is a fines-depleted pumice lapilli tuff emplaced several thousands years ago at about 100–140 m below sea level. This 40-m-thick deposit comprises many poorly defined flow units, which are 1–10 m thick, diffusely stratified and showing upward-coarsening of pumice clasts with a sharp to transitional base. Parallel to wavy diffuse stratifications are commonly represented by alignment of pumice clasts, especially in the lower half of the flow units. Pumice clasts of block to coarse-lapilli size commonly have thermal-contraction cracks best developed on the surfaces, demonstrating that they were hot but cooled down to the ambient temperatures prior to their emplacement. These features are suggestive of the direct origin of the Shinjima Pumice from subaqueous eruptions. A theoretical consideration on the behavior of subaqueous eruption plumes and hot and cold pumice clasts suggests that subaqueous eruption plumes commonly collapse by turbulent mixing with the ambient water and are transformed into water-logged mass flows. 相似文献
12.
Determination of Bromine and Iodine in Twenty-three Geochemical Reference Materials by ICP-MS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Trace amounts (from nanogram to microgram levels) of bromine and iodine were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in twenty-three geochemical reference materials issued by the GSJ, USGS, IAEA etc. The pyrohydrolysis technique was used to separate bromine and iodine from samples analysed in the form of powder. The accuracy and precision of the experimental values were assessed by the comparative analysis of well established reference materials such as USGS AGV-1, BCR-1 and IGGE GBW07312. The measured values agreed well with reported values within a 10% error range. We also report reliable new data for these elements in these geochemical reference materials. 相似文献
13.
Seven rare-earth elements (La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu) and Co, Cr, Sc, Ba, Hf and Th have been determined by non-destructive neutron activation analysis on the Quaternary volcanic rocks in Hokkaido, Japan. The trace-element abundances are discussed in terms of the petrological problems, particularly the origin of calc-alkali magma. On the basis of the La/Sm ratio and the contents of K, Ba, Th and La, lateral variations in the contents of trace elements exist across the Kurile and the northern Honshū arcs. The calc-alkali rocks can be classified into three types which correspond to Kuno's three basalt-magma types. There is no essential difference in the rare-earth patterns between the basaltic rocks and the associated calc-alkali rocks in each petrographic province. This suggests that the calcalkali rocks may be derived from the basaltic magmas by fractional crystallization under certain conditions. 相似文献
14.
Kazuhiko Kano 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1996,58(2-3):131-143
A subaqueous volcaniclastic mass-flow deposit in the Miocene Josoji Formation, Shimane Peninsula, is 15–16 m thick, and comprises
mainly blocks and lapilli of rhyolite and andesite pumices and non- to poorly vesiculated rhyolite. It can be divided into
four layers in ascending order. Layer 1 is an inversely to normally graded and poorly sorted lithic breccia 0.3–6 m thick.
Layer 2 is an inversely to normally graded tuff breccia to lapilli tuff 6–11 m thick. This layer bifurcates laterally into
minor depositional units individually composed of a massive, lithic-rich lower part and a diffusely stratified, pumice-rich
upper part with inverse to normal grading of both lithic and pumice clasts. Layer 3 is 2.5–3 m thick, and consists of interbedded
fines-depleted pumice-rich and pumice-poor layers a few centimeters thick. Layer 4 is a well-stratified and well-sorted coarse
ash bed 1.5–2 m thick. The volcaniclastic deposit shows internal features of high-density turbidites and contains no evidence
for emplacement at a high temperature. The mass-flow deposit is extremely coarse-grained, dominated by traction structures,
and is interpreted as the product of a deep submarine, explosive eruption of vesicular magma or explosive collapse of lava.
Received: 10 January 1996 / Accepted: 23 February 1996 相似文献
15.
Natural Hazards - Geotechnical investigation of natural slopes is challengeable especially when natural slopes having higher gradients and access is difficult. Also, it is even more problematic to... 相似文献
16.
M. Jayananda T. Miyazaki R. V. Gireesh N. Mahesha T. Kano 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,74(2):279-280
Discussion
Synplutonic Mafic Dykes from Late Archaean Granitoids in the Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India by M. Jayananda, T. Miyazaki, R.V. Gireesh, N. Mahesha and T. Kano. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.73, 2009, pp.117–130 相似文献17.
B. C. Prabhakar M. Jayananda Mohamed Shareef T. Kano 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,74(3):299-317
The results of field, petrographic and geochemical work of the granitoids of Hutti-Gurgunta area in the northern part of Eastern
Dharwar Craton (EDC) is presented in this paper. This crustal section comprises polyphase banded to foliated TTG gneisses,
middle amphibolite facies Gurgunta schist belt and upper greenschist facies Hutti schist belt and abundant granite plutons.
The focus of the present study is mainly on basement TTG gneisses and a granite pluton (∼ 240 sq km areal extent), to discuss
crustal accretion processes including changing petrogenetic mechanism and geodynamic setting. The TTGs contain quartz, plagioclase,
lesser K-feldspar and hornblende with minor biotite while the granite contain quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar and hornblende.
Late stage alteration (chloritisation, sericitisation and epidotisation) is wide spread in the entire area. A huge synplutonic
mafic body which is dioritic to meladioritic in composition injects the granite and displays all stages of progressive mixing
and hybridization. The studied TTGs and granite show distinct major and trace element patterns. The TTGs are characterized
by higher SiO2, high Al2O3, and Na2O, low TiO2, Mg#, CaO, K2O and LILE, and HFS elements compared to granite. TTGs define strong trondhjemite trend whilst granite shows calc-alkaline
trend. However, both TTGs and granite show characteristics of Phanerozoic high-silica adakites. The granite also shows characteristics
of transitional TTGs in its high LILE, and progressive increase in K2O with differentiation. Both TTGs and granite define linear to sub-linear trends on variation diagrams. The TTGs show moderate
total REE contents with fractionated REE patterns (La/YbN =17.73–61.73) and slight positive or without any significant Eu anomaly implying little amount of amphibole or plagioclase
in residual liquid. On the other hand, the granite displays poor to moderate fractionation of REE patterns (La/YbN = 9.06–67.21) without any significant Eu anomaly. The TTGs have been interpreted to be produced by low-K basaltic slab melting
at shallow depth, whereas the granite pluton has been formed by slab melting at depth and these melts interacted with peridotite
mantle wedge. Such changing petrogenetic mechanisms and geodynamic conditions explain increase in the contents of MgO, CaO,
Ni and Cr from 2700 Ma to 2500 Ma granitoids in the EDC. 相似文献
18.
Long-Term Variations of Potential Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen of the Japan Sea Proper Water 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Observed potential temperatures and concentrations of dissolved oxygen are analyzed to elucidate their variations during the
period from 1958 to 1996 at Stn. P (37°43′ N, 134°43′ E) and from 1965 to 1996 at Stn. H (40°30′ N, 137°40′ E) in the Japan
Sea. At Stn. P, increases of the potential temperature for the period are found below 800 m depth with the largest value of
0.16 ± 0.09°C per century at 800 m depth. At Stn. H, the potential temperature increased below 500 m depth. The increase rate
has the largest value of 0.50 ± 0.18°C per century at 500 m depth and it is 0.30 ± 0.09°C per century at 800 m depth. The
concentrations of dissolved oxygen increased around 800 m depth at Stn. P. At Stn. H, they increased above 800 m depth. On
the other hand, they decreased below 1200 m depth at both stations. The layer of the dissolved oxygen minimum has deepened
in these decades. These features appearing in the distributions of temperature and dissolved oxygen are successively simulated
by a vertical one-dimensional advection-diffusion model including consumption of dissolved oxygen and termination of the deep
water supply. These results suggest that the supply of the Japan Sea Proper Water into the deep layer, which is cold and rich
in dissolved oxygen, has been decreasing for the last four decades.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
N. Narukage T. Sakao R. Kano H. Hara M. Shimojo T. Bando F. Urayama E. DeLuca L. Golub M. Weber P. Grigis J. Cirtain S. Tsuneta 《Solar physics》2011,269(1):169-236
The X-Ray Telescope (XRT) onboard the Hinode satellite is an X-ray imager that observes the solar corona with unprecedentedly high angular resolution (consistent with its 1?? pixel size). XRT has nine X-ray analysis filters with different temperature responses. One of the most significant scientific features of this telescope is its capability of diagnosing coronal temperatures from less than 1 MK to more than 10 MK, which has never been accomplished before. To make full use of this capability, accurate calibration of the coronal temperature response of XRT is indispensable and is presented in this article. The effect of on-orbit contamination is also taken into account in the calibration. On the basis of our calibration results, we review the coronal-temperature-diagnostic capability of XRT. 相似文献
20.