中低渗油藏剩余油饱和度监测技术系列优化与应用

套管井剩余油饱和度监测技术是研究剩余油分布最重要的测井方法.针对研究区块中-低孔隙度、中-低渗透率、高矿化度地层水的油藏特点与饱和度监测的现状,对比研究了现有监测技术与仪器装备的性能指标,同时考虑脉冲中子、非弹性散射与地层中元素的相互作用的特性,提出了适用于这种不同油藏地质特点的剩余油饱和度监测系列优化方案.针对某区块编制了整体监测方案,并且对监测资料进行精细处理与解释.多口井实施和应用表明,该方案与应用效果良好.     

云计算在地震行业信息网络服务中的框架研究与设计

云计算是当前信息网络服务技术研究的重要领域。很多机构、企业开始关注云计算,并评估自身建设云计算平台的可能性。本文通过对云计算技术发展及应用产品的研究,讨论云计算在地震行业信息网络服务中的作用和定位。结合地震行业信息网络服务应用现状,提出中国地震台网中心数据中心私有云平台的简要设计设想,为地震行业建设自有云计算服务平台提供参考模型。     

液化场地地震反应的离散元数值模拟

采用一个描述饱和砂土中固相颗粒和液相流体耦合的离散元数值模型,固相颗粒采用离散元的颗粒流理论(PFC)模拟,液相流体通过求解平均Navier-Stokes方程的计算流体动力学(CFD)技术计算.采用上述模犁数值模拟了在地震荷载作用液化场地的加速度、剪应力、剪应变时程以及超孔隙水压力和土层表面位移的发展过程.数值模拟结果...     

Comparison of daily and sub-daily SWAT models for daily streamflow simulation in the Upper Huai River Basin of China

Despite the significant role of precipitation in the hydrological cycle, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the impacts of the temporal resolution of rainfall inputs on the performance of SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) models in large-sized river basins. In this study, both daily and hourly rainfall observations at 28 rainfall stations were used as inputs to SWAT for daily streamflow simulation in the Upper Huai River Basin. Study results have demonstrated that the SWAT model with hourly rainfall inputs performed better than the model with daily rainfall inputs in daily streamflow simulation, primarily due to its better capability of simulating peak flows during the flood season. The sub-daily SWAT model estimated that 58 % of streamflow was contributed by baseflow compared to 34 % estimated by the daily model. Using the future daily and 3-h precipitation projections under the RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) 4.5 scenario as inputs, the sub-daily SWAT model predicted a larger amount of monthly maximum daily flow during the wet years than the daily model. The differences between the daily and sub-daily SWAT model simulation results indicated that temporal rainfall resolution could have much impact on the simulation of hydrological process, streamflow, and consequently pollutant transport by SWAT models. There is an imperative need for more studies to examine the effects of temporal rainfall resolution on the simulation of hydrological and water pollutant transport processes by SWAT in river basins of different environmental conditions.     

Metal Ion Extraction with Bipyridine Derivatives as Chelating Ligands in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Three fluorinated bipyridine ligands have been designed and synthesized as chelating agents for the extraction of metal ions in supercritical CO₂ (sc‐CO₂). The ligand solubilities in sc‐CO₂ were investigated at different temperatures and pressures, and the measured data have been correlated using a semiempirical model. The calculated results showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. Based on these data, metal ion extraction with the three compounds as chelating agents in sc‐CO₂ was performed from spiked filter paper, whereby ligand 1 showed the highest extraction efficiency, especially for Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺. The extraction constants, K_ex, of the three chelating ligands were seen to increase with increasing extraction efficiency for the same metal ion in the same extraction system.     

Dipole tilt controls bow shock location and flaring angle

The dipole tilt angle has been found to affect Earth’s bow shock. This work presents a quantitative relationship between the dipole tilt angle and the bow shock location and flaring angle. We collected a large data set of bow shock crossings from four different satellites (IMP 8, Geotail, Magion 4, and Cluster), including some recent crossings obtained during 2012–2013. The results from a statistical analysis demonstrate that: (1) the subsolar standoff distance increases but the flaring angle decreases with increasing dipole tilt angle; (2) when the dipole tilt angle changes sign from negative to positive, the dayside bow shock moves toward Earth and the shift can be as much as 2.29 R _E, during which the flaring angle increases; and (3) the shape of bow shock in the northern and southern hemispheres differs. For the northern hemisphere bow shock, with increasing positive/negative dipole tilt angle, the flaring angle increases/decreases. While for the southern hemisphere, the trend is the opposite; with increasing positive/negative dipole tilt angle, the flaring angle decreases/increases. These results are helpful for future bow shock modeling that needs to include the effects of dipole tilt angle.     

Two methods for pore network of porous media

Two approaches of generating pore networks of porous media are presented to capture the pore fabric. The first methodology extracted pore structure from a computer simulated packing of spheres. The modified Delaunay tessellation was used to describe the porous media, and modified Nelder–Mead method in conjunction with three pore‐merging algorithms was used to generate the pore size and coordination number distributions of the randomly packed spheres. The Biconical Abscissa Asymmetric CONcentric bond was used to describe the connection between two adjacent voids. This algorithm was validated by predicting pore structure of a cubic array of spheres of equal radius with known pore sizes, throat sizes and coordination number distributions. The predicted distributions of pore structure agreed well with the measured. Then, the algorithm was used to predict pore structure and permeability of randomly packed spherical particles, and predicted permeability values were compared with published experimental data. The results showed that the predicted permeability values were in good agreement with those measured, confirming the proposed algorithm can capture the main flow paths of packed beds. The second methodology generated an equivalent pore network of porous media, of which the centers of voids were located in a regular lattice with constant pore center distance. However, this network allowed for matching both main geometrical and topological characteristics of the porous media. A comparison of the two approaches suggested that the second approach can also be used as a predictive tool to quantitatively study the microscopic properties of flow through porous media. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

C_(60)研究现状及前景

碳除了具有传统观念上的石墨和金刚石两种同素异形体外,近年来人们又发现了第三种同素异形体———Ｃ６０。Ｃ６０以其独特的类似足球状的结构及性能,吸引了各国的科学家,对Ｃ６０的研究在全世界范围内如火如荼地开展起来。笔者在总结Ｃ６０的合成技术、分子结构与性能的基础上,探索了Ｃ６０作为一种新型材料所具有的应用潜力;回顾了从Ｃ６０发现至今十多年的研究历程,并首次将Ｃ６０的研究过程分成三个阶段,即起步阶段（１９８５年～１９９０年）、起飞阶段（１９９１年～１９９３年）和成熟阶段（１９９４年以后）;预测了Ｃ６０及其化合物的应用性研究将成为今后研究的重点和热点。最后,对当前Ｃ６０研究中存在的问题和难点进行了讨论。     

腾龙洞造成的洪涝灾害及治理方案的优选

湖北省利川市毗邻清江,其下游腾龙洞清江伏流段阻流壅水严重,影响到了城区.本文通过对腾龙洞形态结构特点及其周围地质环境的研究,认为该地下河入口(落水洞)至银河洞尾一段过水断面狭窄,阻流壅水是造成利川市城郊遭受水灾的主要原因.治理时,以隧道加溶洞方案最为经济     

一个储量可再生的石油地质模型

最新石油地质基础研究表明,目前正在开采的油气藏可能存在大规模的油气补充,以往勘探地质模型、开发地质模型、三次采油地质模型都没有考虑到储量可增长的因素,可能需要修正。建议国家有关部门设立专项研究,以期为油气勘探开发部署和后期调整提供可靠的地质依据。