海南岛4—9月短时强降水的天气型和环境参数特征

利用海南岛加密自动站逐小时降水资料、ERA5再分析资料,对海南岛短时强降水日环流配置进行了天气学分型,并进一步探讨了各天气型下海南岛短时强降水的时空分布、环流形势和关键环境参数特征。结果表明：(1)海南岛短时强降水有明显的日变化特征,呈单峰型,主要出现在15:00—19:00。(2)海南岛短时强降水的天气型主要有南海低压槽、华南沿海槽、西南低压槽和冷锋型。(3)南海低压槽、华南沿海槽、西南低压槽和冷锋型短时强降水分别占37%,31%,16%和16%。南海低压槽和华南沿海槽型主要出现在7、8和9月;西南低压槽型除9月外,其余各月份均可能出现;冷锋型绝大多数出现在4、5月。(4)南海低压槽和华南沿海槽型整层湿度条件都较好,不稳定能量较大,垂直风切变较弱。西南低压槽型不稳定能量较大,湿度条件一般,垂直风切变较弱。冷锋型存在明显的上干下湿特征,垂直风切变最大,0～6 km风速差75%分位大于10 m/s,不稳定能量最小。     

辽宁省霾天气季节变化特征及其主导因子分析

利用辽宁省51个地面气象观测站的能见度、均一化相对湿度和天气现象资料,采用最优距离法和固定比例法对能见度资料进行一致性处理,重建了1961—2020年的辽宁省逐日霾资料,并利用该资料对辽宁省年和四季霾日时空变化特征和主导因子进行分析。结果表明,1961—2020年辽宁省平均年霾日呈显著增加趋势[2.1 d·(10 a)^-1],但2015年以来霾日显著减少;空间上,年和四季霾日呈现一致的分布特征,均存在1个高值中心(沈阳)和2个副高值中心(北票和锦州),年平均霾日分别为139、52、46 d,辽东和辽西山区为霾日低发区,年平均霾日在20 d以内。风向和风速是霾日形成的重要气象因子,西南偏南风增加带来的暖湿气流对春季、夏季和秋季霾日的形成贡献较大,北风的减少则对冬季霾日的形成贡献较大。霾发生时辽宁省春季、夏季和秋季发生西南偏南风的频率分别由11.4%、12.1%和8.0%增加至15.8%、19.8%和13.5%,冬季则表现为北风发生频率的减少和静风发生频率的增加;霾发生时四季风速均较平均状况偏小,说明小风有利于霾的形成。辽宁省霾长期演变受到污染物排放、风力因子和环境政...     

Correction of the temperature effect in calibration of a solar radio telescope

This work analyzes the annual fluctuation of the observation data of the Mingantu Solar radio Telescope(MST) in S, C and X bands. It is found that the data vary with local air temperature as the logarithmic attenuation of equipment increases with temperature and frequency. A simplified and effective calibration method is proposed, which is used to calibrate the MST data in 2018–2020, while the correction coefficients are calculated from data in 2018–2019. For S, C and X bands, the root mean square errors of one polarization are 2.7, 5.7 and 20 sfu, and the relative errors are 4%, 6% and 8% respectively. The calibration of MUSER and SBRS spectra is also performed. The relative errors of MUSER at 1700 MHz,SBRS at 2800 MHz, 3050 MHz and 3350 MHz are 8%, 8%, 11% and 10% respectively. We found that several factors may affect the calibration accuracy, especially at X-band. The method is expected to work for other radio telescopes with similar design.     

Whether human-induced activities could change the gradient pattern of coastal land use along the sea-land direction: a case study in Manila Bay,Philippines

Increasing intense human activities have largely changed the coastal landscape and caused many environmental issues. However, whether human-induced activities could change the coastal land use gradient pattern, an important coastal zonal characteristic along the sea–land direction, remains unclear. Manila Bay was selected as the study area in this work. According to the distance of the land use and land cover(LULC) to the coastline, we clustered the typical coastal land use sequence patterns(CLU...     

湛江红树林保护区现代沉积物粒度特征及其对风暴事件的响应

沉积物粒度是描述沉积环境的重要指标之一,利用沉积物粒度参数可以反演沉积物堆积过程、沉积水动力特征.通过对湛江红树林国家级自然保护内海湾、河口、潮坪区的红树林表层沉积物粒度分析的研究,结果表明：河口与海湾区的红树林沉积物以泥质为主;有堤坝保护的河口区红树林沉积物颗粒细,为悬移质体含量高且连续稳定的低能环境;红树林发育差的潮坪区红树林沉积物为砂含量较大且水动力较强的高能环境.并通过推算海湾区沉积物的沉积年代,结合样品粒度分析的结果得出了该地区风暴潮发生的大致时间.     

噻唑烷酸对肝组织GSH含量的影响及其作用机制的研究

建立丁胱亚磺酰亚胺(L-Buthionine Sulfoximine,BSO)排空小鼠肝组织谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)模型,研究噻唑烷酸(N-acetyl-glucosamine-thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid,GlcNAcCys)提高肝组织GSH含量,保护肝脏免受外源性毒物、药物损伤的可能机制。正常对照组小鼠腹腔注射生理盐水,BSO组及GlcNAcCys不同剂量组小鼠注射BSO(6mmol/kg体质量,i.p.)。2 h后,正常对照组和BSO组注射生理盐水,GlcNAcCys低、中、高剂量组分别注射不同剂量的GlcNAcCys(200、4009、00 mg/kg体质量)。6 h后,用Ellman’s法测定肝匀浆总巯基(Total Sulfhydryl,T-SH)含量;荧光分光光度法测定GSH含量;用试剂盒检测肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽还原酶(Glutathione Reductase,GR)和谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)活性;RT-PCR法检测谷氨酰半胱氨酸连接酶催化亚基(Glutamyl-L-cysteine Ligase,GCL)基因表达。GlcNAcCys能够提高肝匀浆中T-SH和GSH含量,增强抗氧化酶GR、GST活性,RT-PCR结果显示,GlcNAcCys能够诱导GCL mRNA的表达。GlcNAcCys能够提高肝组织T-SH、GSH的含量,增强GST、GR酶活力,增强肝脏的解毒功能,保护肝脏免受毒性中间代谢物的损伤。GlcNAcCys提高肝组织T-SH、GSH含量的机制与其诱导GCLmRNA的表达有关。     

南海西沙西南海域表层沉积物特征

西沙西南海域表层沉积物样品矿物成分，地球化学，微体古生物分析测试结果表明：沉积物可分为７种类型，沉积环境主要是陆坡，部分为深海平原，海洋生物，海洋化学以及火山物质的沉积起到了积极的作用，陆源物质的影响较小，它们主要来源于北部大陆和南部岛礁等物源区。     

杭州湾南岸潮滩的~(210)Pb分布及其沉积学意义

杭州湾南岸潮滩的~(210)Pb垂向分布具有随深度波动的特征。湖滩颗粒物在吸附模拟系统中的~(210)Pb分配系数,主要受颗粒物含量的影响。本文从潮滩沉积~(210)Pb初始比度在低于平衡点一侧波动的机理,以及被沉积间断所分隔的有效封闭段的存在出发,提出选择常态沉积层的高~(210)Pb比度窗口,建立以CIC模式估计潮滩沉积速率的方法。     

莱州湾东部滨海水域砂金分布特征

通过对莱州湾东部滨海水域地球物理和地质钻综合调查，业已查明该海区地质的构造和古地理环境特征，并发现区内砂金分布较普遍，本文从砂金分布的地貌单元，沉积物类型，砂金成因类型，物质来源，古气候，构造作用，砂金成因等诸方面，研究了该海域内砂金特征。     

Numerical investigation of the control factors driving Zhe-Min Coastal Current

During the northeast monsoon season, Zhe-Min Coastal Current(ZMCC) travels along the Chinese mainland coast and carries fresh, cold, and eutrophic water. ZMCC is significantly important for the hydrodynamic processes and marine ecosystems along its path. Thus, this bottom-trapped plume deserves to be further discussed in terms of the major driving factor, for which different opinions exist. For this purpose, in this study, a high resolution Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated Syste...