茶皂素对几种鱼类和对虾的毒性研究

本研究以茶皂素类作为“清池剂”,试图解决对虾养殖的基础和应用技术问题。试验结果表明:对虾对茶皂素和油茶皂素有较高的耐受力;茶皂素与油茶皂素均具鱼毒活性,油茶皂素则较强。鱼种不同,中毒反应也略有差异;两种茶皂素的鱼毒速度快,在致死浓度时16h内出现中毒死亡,毒性降解也快,浓度为5×10~(-6)时40h后不再引起鱼类中毒。     

海洋细菌抑菌活性菌株的筛选

从不同海区的海洋底质，生物样，水样中分离到480株海洋细菌，其中包括150株芽孢细菌和108株粪大肠杆菌，利用纸片法对其抑菌活性进行检测，结果表明：117株海洋细菌具有抑菌活性，占总分离菌株的24.4%；一般细菌，芽孢细菌，粪大肠杆菌的抑菌活性菌株分别占各供测菌株的17.1%,27.3%,35.2%；抑菌活性菌株的比例与样品来源密切相关，且各类海洋细菌的抗菌谱有很大的不同。     

Investigation of the hydrate reservoir production under different depressurization modes

Abstract

Large reserves of natural gas hydrates exist, and the depressurization method has the greatest potential for gas hydrate reservoir recovery. Currently, the most commonly adopted depressurization simulation method is a constant bottom-hole pressure production scheme. This study proposes a new depressurization mode with decreasing bottom-hole pressure. The production characteristic was numerically investigated using this method. The results show the following: (1) As the depressurization exponent (n) decreases, the development effect improves, and production indexes including cumulative gas production/dissociation and gas-water ratio increase. However, the reservoir energy consumption is higher and the hydrate reformation is more severe. (2) Compared to the proposed depressurization mode, the hydrate production index of the constant bottom-hole pressure production (n?=?0) is better. However, the hydrate reservoir energy consumption is higher and the hydrate reformation is more severe using constant bottom-hole pressure production. (3) To achieve a balance between production and reservoir energy consumption during depressurization production, the bottom-hole pressure should be controlled by selecting a suitable depressurization exponent between n_min and n_max, which can be determined through numerical simulations.     

A NUMERICAL MODEL OF PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS IN THE CENTRAL WATERS OF SOUTH CHINA SEA

The present study is based on the materials collected from the middle waters of the South China Sea between 12°-15°N and 111°-118°E during May to July in 1978.The biomass of the phytoplankton (Y, dependent variable) is established to give the biomass of each Species and the environmental factors (i. e. water temperature, salinity, oxygen, silicate and phosphate contents), X1,X2...,X139tt are independent variables that are used to stepwisc regression analysis. Accordicg to the mathematical tests and the practical experience by which a lot of species are deleted and added to the equation, the authors consider that the 4th equation as shown below is optimal one for the model of the biomass on the phytoplankton from this waters.The optimal equation refers to text.     

海岸线长度与分维在不同比例尺地图上的变化研究

结合国内外海岸线分形研究进展 ,以江苏省海岸线为例 ,系统地探讨了不同比例尺地图上海岸线长度与分维的变化及其规律。指出海岸线长度与地图比例尺之间存在有 lg L =algk b的基本关系 ;其次 ,对于同一条海岸线来说 ,使用量规法和网格法计算所得分维结果是不同的 ,使用量规法的计算结果大于使用网格法的计算结果 ;再者 ,在不同比例尺地图上 ,同一海岸线的分维是不同的 ,随着地图比例尺的逐渐变小 ,海岸线分维相应地逐渐变小 ,且在不同比例尺间使用量规法计算所得海岸线分维结果的差值大于使用网格法计算所得海岸线分维结果的差值     

盐度对双棘黄姑鱼仔鱼活力及仔稚鱼生长的影响

分别用不同盐度梯度海水对双棘黄姑鱼仔鱼进行饲养试验。结果表明：盐度为17．0．22．0、27．0．31．0～33．0的4个试验组仔鱼的不投饵存活系数分别为5．38、7.35、6.46、6．18；各盐度组仔稚鱼的生长速度没有显著差异（P〉0．05），各组仔鱼经25d的培养，其平均全长为18．8～19．2mm；盐度22．0及27．0的海水中仔稚鱼呈较高的存活率，各盐度组的平均存活率为36、0％、48．5％、46．7％和39．2％．     

海洋真菌及其生物活性物质多样性研究

海洋微生物种类繁多,是筛选新药的丰富资源宝库。近些年来,作为海洋微生物中重要的组成部分的海洋真菌正成为研究的热点,越来越受到国内外学者的关注。本文详细概述了海洋真菌的定义、分布、海洋真菌研究的历史和现状、其所产生的生物活性物质多样性以及存在的问题。     

潮流沙脊的水力学问题探讨

借用河流水力学顺直河道中有两个次生横向环流的假说来解释潮流沙脊的成因，水槽实验和实际观察也支持了这一观点．正是这一次生的纵轴横向环流（即螺旋流）将泥沙从沟槽带向脊顶，建造了大致与潮流方向平行的潮流沙脊．根据底质粒度成份和分布特点．可分为粗底质沙脊和细底质沙脊两类．前者组成物质偏粗，底质分布为脊细槽粗，后者组成物质偏细，底质分布为脊粗槽细．这是因为影响颗粒起动流速的主导因素不同，前者以重力为主，后者以颗粒间粘结力为主．它们都反映沟槽中流速大于脊顶处流速．     

Chemistry of marine resources-ⅩⅨ. The molecule design and synthesis of crow-link type alkyd resin and its enrichment behaviour for potassium ion in sea water

This paper first presents the molecule design and synthesis of crown-link type alkyd resin,and its enrichment behaviour for potassium ion in low concentration solution and sea water.On the basis of some theory concepts of Host-Guest chemistry developed in recent years,we have designed and synthesized a new polymer enrichment agent of crow-link resin for potassiumion,i.e.,polymacrocyclic ether bislactone of diethylene glycolpyromyllitic acid(briefly called crown-link type alkyd resin or PBL resin).The yield was about 97.4%,almost quantitatively.     

GPS单频精密单点定位方法与实践

讨论了单频精密单点定位的解算方法与思路,编写了单频精密动态单点定位的程序,实现了事后动态单频精密单点定位.