2001-2002年上海天文台卫星激光测距观测报告

介绍了 2 0 0 1- 2 0 0 2年上海天文台卫星激光测距观测概况和亚厘米级精度的测距实验     

Blazar 的X射线谱性质

从Donato文献中选择了一个含有69个Blazar的样本，样本中每个源有多个X射线辐射流量数据，用该样本研究了流量密度和谱指数之间的关系，以及研究了三类源（HBL，LBL，FSRQ）的红移和谱指数的分布。结果表明：对于HBLs，谱指数和流量密度之间有一个较好的反相关关系存在，而对于LBLs和FSRQs却没有相关。因此认为HBL的X射线是同步辐射所致，而LBL和FSRQ的X射线辐射较为复杂可能是同步自康普顿过程导致。HBL显示软X射线谱，而FSRQ显示硬X射线谱，LBL居中。在谱图中HBL位于近端，rSRQ位于远端，LBL居中。     

EM技术在我国水环境保护中的应用研究进展

对EM技术在我国水环境保护中的应用情况进行了综述,重点介绍了EM技术应用于废水处理领域的研究进展,同时还展望了将来的应用及研究前景.     

工厂化养殖暗纹东方鱼屯致病菌的分离和鉴定

从不同养殖场患病暗纹东方鱼屯(Takifaguobscurus)的鳃、肠、肝、肌肉及溃疡部位分离到9株菌株,经人工感染致病性试验,其T-22、T-11、J-2、H-3、H-5表现出较强的致病性,出现症状与自然发病鱼相同。通过对菌体形态特征、培养特性和API20E细菌生化快速鉴定试条的测定,分别鉴定为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonassobria)、豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonascaviae)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonashydrophila)、类志贺邻单胞菌(Plesiomonasshigelloides)、霍乱弧菌(Vibriocholerae)。证实这5株菌为致病菌。药敏试验结果表明9种药物对温和气单胞菌、豚鼠气单胞菌、霍乱弧菌均有较好的抑菌效果;嗜水气单胞菌表现出明显的耐药性。氟嗪酸、环丙沙星、复合磺胺对类志贺邻单胞菌有一定抑菌效果。     

Motive force of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau moving to east

A calculation formula on spherical pattern of Qinghai-Tibet plateau moving model is established. Tibet massif moves norward by east in speed of 28 mm/a, Ganshu-Qinghai massif moves to northeast in speed of 15 mm/a, Qomolangma Feng moves northward by a few east in speed of 35 ～42 mm/a. The low latitude perimeter is longer than the nigh latitude perimeter. When the Tibet massif moves northward, its latitude perimeter must be contracted and the Tibet massif must move eastward by Coriolis. Coriolis force is inertial in earth rotation. It makes the fall body turning to east and the rising block turning westward. In the Northern Hemisphere, it makes the northward body turning to east and the southward block turning to west.This is the reason why the tectonic zones of western Pacific are different from those of eastern Pacific.     

Effects of Different Diets on the Dietary Attractability and Selectivity of Chinese Shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Attractabilities of different diets and dietary selectivity of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis were studied through behavior observation and feeding experiment, respectively. The five diets used in the experiment are: Fish Flesh (FF), Shrimp Flesh (SF), Clam Foot (CF), Polychaete Worm (PW), and Formulated Diet (FD). No significant differences of attractability exist between any two different diets when every two natural diets or all five diets are provided simultaneously. On the other hand, significant differences of attractability exist between FD and every single natural diet when they are provided simultaneously. Results of behavioral observation indicate that natural diets are more attractive than FD. In feeding experiment, Chinese shrimp has distinct selectivity on different diets. It positively selects CF and PW, negatively selects FF and SF, and excludes FD absolutely. The results of the present studies indicate that the dietary selectivity of shrimp was based not only on the attractabilities of the diets, but also on the responses such as growth and food conversion.     

1966年邢台7.2级地震的构造背景和发震构造

本文根据石油地质勘探的最新资料和元-济人工地震地壳测深剖面相应地段重新解释的结果,分析了邢台7.2级地震的构造背景和发震断裂。研究结果表明,7.2级地震震中位于束鹿断陷盆地南部次凹的东缘,该次凹发育在由新河断裂等4条缓倾铲形正断裂分制围限地台盖层而成的“斛”状构造块体上,块体之下的地壳中存在两条倾向相反的高角度断裂;地震与断陷主断裂及其控制的断陷盆地并非是简单的对应关系,7.2级地震的发震断裂不是单一的缓倾铲形新河断裂或其下方的高角度的F_3断裂和深部的东断裂,而是它们的组合,且高角度断裂是发震断裂的主要部分     

The distribution of QSO absorption lines and its implications

The distribution of L absorption lines has been investigated in the fractal scheme. It is found that (1) the L absorption clouds distribute completely different from that of galaxies; (2) the L absorption clouds are anti-associated with galaxies and quasars. These results may imply that there are two kinds of objects formed by different processes of clustering. This is favourable for the cosmic-string theory on the formation of large-scale structure of the Universe. In the string model, the objects can be divided into two kinds according to their clustering with or without string loops as their initial density perturbation.On leave from the Center of Astrophysics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China. Y. Chu is a research fellow of Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation.     

A possible mechanism of formation of faculae

We propose a new heating mechanism of faculae. We think that the formation of faculae is a result of the Joule dissipation of the Hall current generated by the interaction of the convection field of granules in an active region and the inter-granular magnetic field. For a region to generate effectively Hall current, its characteristic length must be such that the magnetic Reynolds number is less than 1. The equation of energy balance in the facula region is

$\text{16σT}{}^3{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{(T}{}_{\mathrm{l}}\text{? T}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{)}{}^{\mathrm{n}}\text{HP}{}_{\mathrm{s}}{}^{\mathrm{a}}\text{H}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{=}\text{Qn}{}_{\mathrm{s}}\text{m}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{u}{}_{\mathrm{x}}{}^2\text{(τ}{}^2{}_{\mathrm{in}}\text{ω}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{)}$

.For five observational models of faculae, we calculated the corresponding velocity fields, and the results are in basic agreement with the observed fields. The present mechanism explains the dependence of the facula brightness on the magnetic and velocity fields, the apparent distribution of the faculae on the solar disk and suggest a possible interpretation of the five structures of faculae.     

Statistical analysis of sand grain/bed collision process recorded by high-speed digital camera

A high‐speed digital camera was employed to record the sand grain/bed collision process. With image processing and a statistical method, a series of parameters of the collision process were obtained. The results show that the collision process of a grain with rebounding can be represented by two parameters: the kinetic energy restitution coefficient and the collision angle. Both parameters satisfy a normal distribution, and they are dependent on one another. With an increase of the collision angle, the distribution of the kinetic energy restitution gradually reduces from a broad to a narrow range with low values. The percentage of vertical velocity restitution coefficients greater than 1 can reach 70% or more, which ensures that the settling time of the sand grains in the air increases and that they receive more energy from the air to progress the saltation movement.