扬子陆块西缘中元古代晚期元谋花岗岩的时代、成因及构造意义

扬子陆块西缘晚中元古代地质演化史一直存在较大争议,本文选择以扬子西缘元谋杂岩中一套二长花岗岩为研究对象,开展岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学等综合研究,为认识和理解扬子西缘晚中元古代地质演化提供支撑。两件元谋二长花岗岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为1086±10 Ma（MSWD=1.4,n=50）和1099±10 Ma（MSWD=1.8,n=58）。所有样品具有高硅（SiO₂为69.44%~73.98%）、富碱（Na₂O+K₂O为6.11%~7.72%）、贫钙（CaO为0.39%~1.46%）、贫镁（MgO为0.52%~0.76%）、低钛（TiO₂为0.30%~0.59%）的特点,同时表现出强过铝质（A/CNK=1.19~1.35）及中钾钙碱性–钾玄岩系列特征。它们具有高的稀土元素总量（∑REE=211.60×10⁻⁶~349.01×10⁻⁶）,呈现轻稀土元素富集和重稀土元素亏损（（La/Yb）_N=4.32~7.36）;富集Rb、U、Th等大离子亲石元素和Zr、Th、Hf等,亏损Nb、Ta、Ba等元素,并具有明显的负Eu异常（δEu=0.46~0.59）,锆石饱和温度介于827~912℃之间,展示了A型花岗岩的属性。这些二长花岗岩可能是通过中上地壳的中酸性火成岩的部分熔融形成,结合前人的研究成果,它们最可能形成于弧后的伸展环境,综合扬子陆块周缘晚中元古代的岩浆记录,元谋杂岩中1.09 Ga二长花岗岩的形成应与扬子陆块开始参与Rodinia超大陆聚合有关。

     

吉林中部石炭系岩石建造及其构造环境

吉林中部石炭系出露较全，具有独特的区域大地构造环境，在吉林晚古生代褶皱带演化中具有特殊性。本文将吉中石炭系划分为６个岩石建造，每一建造各具特征，并以岩石建造为手段，进行区域大地构造分析，认为该区石灰纪是在弧后一大陆边缘基础上形成的裂谷一拗陷带的构造环境，具有由先期裂谷发展阶段转变为末期拗陷带的演化过程，从而表明该区石炭纪为一拉张的构造历史时期。     

Provenance of sandstones from the Neoproterozoic Bombouaka Group of the Volta Basin,northeastern Ghana

The provenance and tectonic setting of sandstones from the Bombouaka Group of the Voltaian Supergroup, in the northeastern part of Ghana, have been constrained from their petrography and whole-rock geochemistry. Modal analysis carried out by point-counting sandstone samples indicates that they are quartz arenites. The index of compositional variability values and SiO₂/Al₂O₃, Zr/Sc, and Th/Sc values indicates that the sediments are mature. The sandstones are depleted in CaO and Na₂O. They are, however, enriched in K₂O, Ba, and Rb relative to average Neoproterozoic upper crust. These characteristics reflect intense chemical weathering in the source region as proven by high weathering indices (i.e., CIA, PIA, and CIW). In comparison with average Neoproterozoic upper crust, the sandstones show depletion by transition metals and enrichment by high field strength elements. They generally show chondrite-normalized fractionated light rare-earth element (LREE) patterns (average La_N/Sm_N = 4.40), negative Eu anomalies (average Eu/Eu* = 0.61), and generally flat heavy rare-earth elements (HREE) (average Gd_N/Yb_N = 1.13). The sandstones have La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, Th/Cr, and Eu/Eu* ratios similar to those of sandstones derived from felsic source. Mixing calculations using the rare-earth elements (REE) suggests 48% tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite and 52% granite as possible proportions for the source of the sandstones. Both the petrographic and whole-rock geochemical data point to a passive margin setting for the sandstones from the Bombouaka Group.     

鲁中东-苏西北Au- Fe金刚石成矿带特征及资源潜力

随着找矿的深入,在鲁中东-苏西北地区新发现了一批大中型金、铁和金刚石矿床,该区已成为我国重要的矿产资源基地。本文在新的研究成果和认识基础上,通过综合分析,在该地区划分新的重要成矿部署区带,厘定边界并命名为"鲁中东-苏西北Au-Fe金刚石成矿带",初步建立了该成矿带成矿谱系,结果显示成矿带内存在太古宙、元古宙、古生代、中生代以及新生代等5期成矿。区内矿产以金、铁以及金刚石为主,金矿床类型主要有石英脉型、破碎蚀变岩型,铁矿类型主要有沉积变质型和矽卡岩型,金刚石矿主要为岩浆型。结合研究区找矿最新进展和全国矿产资源潜力评价最新成果,认为本区Au、Fe、金刚石资源潜力巨大。在此基础上划分了6处远景区,为进一步实现找矿突破及地质找矿战略部署提供了科学依据。     

Exact reconstruction with directional wavelets on the sphere

A new formalism is derived for the analysis and exact reconstruction of band-limited signals on the sphere with directional wavelets. It represents an evolution of a previously developed wavelet formalism developed by Antoine & Vandergheynst and Wiaux et al. The translations of the wavelets at any point on the sphere and their proper rotations are still defined through the continuous three-dimensional rotations. The dilations of the wavelets are directly defined in harmonic space through a new kernel dilation, which is a modification of an existing harmonic dilation. A family of factorized steerable functions with compact harmonic support which are suitable for this kernel dilation are first identified. A scale-discretized wavelet formalism is then derived, relying on this dilation. The discrete nature of the analysis scales allows the exact reconstruction of band-limited signals. A corresponding exact multi-resolution algorithm is finally described and an implementation is tested. The formalism is of interest notably for the denoising or the deconvolution of signals on the sphere with a sparse expansion in wavelets. In astrophysics, it finds a particular application for the identification of localized directional features in the cosmic microwave background data, such as the imprint of topological defects, in particular, cosmic strings, and for their reconstruction after separation from the other signal components.     

产壳聚糖酶菌株选育及培养条件优化

以假单胞菌Y8．0为出发菌株,分别通过亚硝基胍(NTG),Co^60,UV(紫外)诱变,采用透明圈法筛选,获得了产壳聚糖酶较好的突变菌株假单胞菌Y8,其所产酶活力达到3．0U／mL,酶活力提高近6倍,并具有较好的遗传稳定性。3种诱变方法中,UV诱变效果最好。对假单胞菌Y8产壳聚糖酶培养条件进行研究,得到1个比较优化的培养条件为：pH值6．5,温度32℃,壳聚糖3g／L,酵母膏0．3％,培养时间3d。不同金属离子及不同诱导物对酶合成的影响表明：Fe^2 ,Mg^2 激活作用显著。而Zn^2 ,Mn^2 则具有一定的抑制作用,壳聚糖和氨基葡萄糖对壳聚糖酶的产生都有较好的诱导作用。     

钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及群体遗传结构的初步研究

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对产于山东蓬莱水域的野生钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及其群体遗传结构进行研究。对钝吻黄盖碟的眼、鳃、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳍条共8种组织的15种同工酶分析结果表明,钝吻黄盖碟同工酶的表达呈明显的组织特异性。选择肝脏和肌肉2种组织的AAT,ADH,GPI,G3PDH,IDHP,LDH,MDH,MPI,PGDH,PGM,SDH和SOD共12种同工酶进行了钝吻黄盖碟种群结构遗传学分析,共记录了17个基因座位,其中,PGDH*,LDH*,PGM-1*和MPI-1*等4个基因座位呈多态,其多态座位比例为0.235 3(P0.99),观测杂合度和预期杂合度的平均值分别为0.019 6和0.018 1,平均有效等位基因数为1.093 0。     

副热带高压活动与日月运行的关系

依据公开发表的资料，系统地研究了副热带高压活动与日月运行的关系，证实了各类副高活动均与日月运行的某些周期活动有关，主要表现形式为周期性泊松联系和与天文奇异蹼同步效应两种，并且指出，副高活动类型不同，则所对应的联系对象和联系方式也不同。     

中国地区三种地表反照率产品比较

利用2007—2011年MODIS、GlobAlbedo和ERA-Interim的3种地表反照率产品,借助地理信息系统(Geographic Information System, GIS)空间化技术,对中国地区3种地表反照率产品进行了对比分析。结果表明：3种产品与气象站观测值的时间分布趋势一致,冬季高夏季低,且相关性较高。3种产品中,MODIS与GlobAlbedo的绝对差异值最小,ERA-Interim与MODIS、GlobAlbedo的绝对差异值较大。3种产品在青藏高原和西北山地区域表现出较大的差异,且差异表现为冬半年高,夏半年低。3种产品之间相关性最高的是MODIS与GlobAlbedo,最低的是MODIS与ERA-Interim, 3种产品在40°N以北具有较好的相关性。且在夏季和冬季地表反照率均值的表现说明,ERA-Interim相比MODIS、GlobAlbedo难以反映地表反照率受地形和土地覆被的影响。     

On the reoccurrence of site specific response

The period and amplitude variations of local peaks in the Fourier amplitude spectra of free-field strong ground motion recorded at five stations in San Fernando Valley of metropolitan Los Angeles, California, are described, searching for peaks that reoccur during different earthquakes. The data suggest that some local peaks reoccur (about 50% of the time), during shaking by small local earthquakes (peak ground velocities, v_max<10–20 cm/s). During large strong motion amplitudes (v_max>20 cm/s), these peaks are shifted towards longer periods (by nonlinear response of soils) or disappear. The data also suggest that densification and settlement of soil, minutes and hours following the strong shaking may contribute towards fluctuations in the effective stiffness of the shallow surface layers.