空间数据库的备份与恢复

空间数据的备份与恢复是保障空间数据安全的关键,也是GIS系统的重要环节之一。本文介绍了基于Oracle 9i和ArcSDE空间数据库的一些常用备份工具和方法,同时也介绍了利用Oracle备份机制来备份空间数据的几种方式,并就空间数据备份与恢复过程中容易出现的问题提出了自己的看法和建议。     

四川盆地气温的时空分布变化分析

本文利用正交分解(EOF)方法,对四川盆地气温的时空分布进行研究分析,识别出了盆地气温的主要空间型和时间演变特征.在春夏秋冬不同季节,四川盆地气温场呈一致性的正值,反映四川盆地气温大范围位相一致的变化,表现为全盆地性冷(暖),并且气温场在不同的季节,其分布特征具有较大的相似性和稳定性.从第一特征向量场对应时间系数演变过程来看,冬、夏两季的波动范围较春、秋两季的波动范围小;从第一时间系数年际变化分析,除盆地夏季平均气温没有明显变化外,冬、春、秋季的气温从20世纪90年代后期均持续表现为上升趋势,出现明显的气候变暖突变.冬季与秋季的气温分布及春季与秋季的气温分布具有较为显著的正相关关系.     

Conceptual model about the interaction between El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation and Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in far west equatorial Pacific

Interaction between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in far west equatorial Pacific (QBOWP) and the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is studied using a new conceptual model. In this conceptual model, the QBOWP effects on ENSO are achieved through two ways: (1) the oceanic Kelvin wave along equatorial Pacific, and (2) the Atmospheric Walker Circulation anomaly, while ENSO effects on QBOWP can be accomplished by the atmospheric Walker Circulation anomaly. Diagnosis analysis of the model results shows that the Atmospheric bridge (Walker circulation) plays a more important role in interaction between the ENSO and QBOWP than the oceanic bridge (oceanic Kelvin wave along equatorial Pacific); It is found that by the interaction of the ENSO and QBOWP, a free ENSO oscillation with 3–5 years period could be substituted by a oscillation with the quasi-biennial period, and the dominant period of SST anomaly and wind anomaly in the far west equatorial Pacific tends to be prolonged with enhanced ENSO forcing. Generally, the multi-period variability in the coupled Atmosphere-Ocean System in the Tropical Pacific can be achieved through the interaction between ENSO and QBOWP.     

地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展

综述了煤矿安全对于地球物理应用的需求,以及近年来地震学在煤矿减轻地质灾害的应用进展,特别是微震监测分析在若干典型煤矿应用得到的初步成果。这些成果不但对于煤矿安全具有重要意义,而且对于认识构造地震成因和验证预测方法,也具有中尺度试验意义。     

地震统计区地震活动性参数b值及v4不确定性研究

本文结合华北地区几个地震统计区的实例，探讨了地震统计区的重要地震活动性参数b值和v4不确定性的主要影响因素及其特征，并研究分析了其不确定性的大小。结果表明，地震活动性参数的不确定性主要影响因素为样本统计时段、样本处理方法、统计下限震级、高震级年平均发生率等。在郯庐地震统计区，b值变化可达0．2以上，v4的变化可达1．4以上，汾渭地震统计区的不确定性也基本相当，河北平原地震统计区因为地震样本相对丰富，不确定性要小许多。     

城市地质学发展前景展望

本文介绍了城市地质学的定义和研究内容,对国外、国内城市地质学发展历史进行了述评,对城市地质学的发展前景进行了展望。     

New Cretaceous palaeointensity data and the constraints on geodynamics

A combined geochronologic (K-Ar) and palaeomagnetic study has been conducted on a basalt lava sequence at Yixian Formation in Liaoning Province, northeastern China. The new K-Ar age obtained from thirteen lava flows is 120.93±0.88 Ma. Detailed rock-magnetic investigations were conducted on each lava flow to determine their remanence carriers. The modified version of the Thellier-Thellier palaeointensity method with systematic partial thermoremanent magnetization (pTRM) checks was used for the palaeointensity determination. Virtual dipole moment (VDM) value is (3.66±0.10)x10²² Am². This low dipole-field intensity value is approximately forty-five percent of the today field VDM. Combined with all of the other published palaeointensity data, possible links between the earth’s interior process and its control on the variation of the earth’s magnetic field during the geological time were tentatively discussed.     

粗集在知识发现中的应用

介绍了粗集的基本概念,包括粗集的定义、“属性－值”系统、属性依赖与归约及粗集概念的若干推广,最后指出粗集理论在知识发现（KDD）中的一个可能应用途径。     

青藏高原东部积雪日数特征的分析

本文利用青藏高原曲麻来、托托河和玉树三站的32年逐日积雪实测资料,进行了统计分析,得出了它们的时间变化特征,并对Elnino现象的发生作了简单的联系。