关注"数字地球"

受人事部委托,中国地震局人事教育司于2000年7月10～14日在北京举办了"百千万人才工程"数字地球"高级研讨班.高研班聘请了陈运泰院士、陈述彭院士、马宗晋院士等8位国内著名"数字地球"专家做讲座;28位学员分别来自全国各地18个单位,他们主要是省部级"百千万人才工程"人选,以及对"数字地球"有一定研究基础的优秀青年科技骨干.     

GeoStar空间数据组织与管理

讨论了GeoStar系统空间数据组织与管理中的若干问题 ,重点介绍了空间矢量对象模型、数据组织、数据管理以及对象的实现等内容     

中国开辟区多金属结核粒径分析及其意义

为了便于多金属结核的开采、结核分布规律的探讨和矿藏储量计算,对DY85-4航次所取得的多金属结核抽样样品进行了逐个三轴粒径测量和称量工作,并进行了统计分析和分形研究,得到了多金属结核的粒径统计分布规律。从而为集矿机的设计提供了科学依据。     

Similarity search and pattern discovery in hydrological time series data mining

The rapid development of data mining provides a new method for water resource management, hydrology and hydroinformatics research. In the paper, based on data mining theory and technology, we analyse hydrological daily discharge time series of the Shaligunlanke Station in the Tarim River Basin in China from the year 1961 to 2000. Firstly, according to the four monthly statistics, namely mean monthly discharge, monthly maximum discharge, monthly amplitude and monthly standard deviation, K‐mean clustering was used to segment the annual process of the daily discharge. The clustering result showed that the annual process of the daily discharge can be divided into five segments: snowmelt period I (April), snowmelt period II (May), rainfall period I (June–August), rainfall period II (September) and dry period (October–December and January–March). Secondly, dynamic time warping (DTW), which is a different distance metric method from the traditional Euclidian distance metric, was used to look for similarities in the discharge process. On the basis of the similarity matrix, the similar discharge processes can be mined in each period. Thirdly, agglomerative hierarchical clustering was used to cluster and discover the discharge patterns in terms of the autoregressive model. It was found that the discharge had a close relationship with the temperature and the precipitation, and the discharge processes were more similar under the same climatic condition. Our study shows that data mining is a feasible and efficient approach to discover the hidden information in the historical hydrological data and mining the implicative laws under the hydrological process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

交叉K函数的安全多方计算方法研究

传统空间数据共享计算需将数据集成后再分析,而数据提供者往往不想公开数据而拒绝分享.安全多方计算(MPC)用于解决互不信任的多方之间数据协同计算问题,能够为解决数据孤岛问题提供方案.本文以交叉K函数为例,探索空间数据安全共享方法,在原始数据不被泄露的前提下,实现目标函数的空间运算.搭建的原系统角色包括前端服务、控制服务、MPC代理服务及MPC发起方和MPC接收方.计算过程中,在双方认可的信任机制下,MPC发起方和接收方的数据明文始终保留在本地,双方均无法获知对方任何原始数据.最后对比了此方法和传统计算平台的时间效率和准确度.试验表明,本文方法可为空间数据安全共享提供一种全新途径,并为进一步的效率改进研究打下了基础.     

基于地质建造的西南山区生态地质编图探索与实践——以邛海—泸山地区为例

地质作用是形成区域生态环境格局的重要驱动力之一,岩石圈表层地质建造是土壤圈、水圈、大气圈和生物圈的载体,制约着地形地貌、水文地质、土壤物理化学性质以及地质灾害等生态地质条件,进而对整体的生态平衡起着重要的作用。生态地质研究在于探索生态环境与地质条件之间的联系,从地质学的视角,探寻生态系统运行与演化机制。本文在四川邛海—泸山地区生态地质调查实践中,探索了一套适用于西南山区的土壤地质图、生态地质剖面和生态地质图等生态地质系列图件的编制方法。研究认为,生态地质系列图件应是岩石圈- 土壤圈- 生物圈等多圈层融合的地球表层系统在地质图上的反映,其表达内容主要包括：作为生态环境物质基础的地表基质层（岩石圈和土壤圈）的生态功能属性、地表覆盖的生态系统和人类活动的现状和展布、生态地质单元的生态功能属性等。基于地质建造和地表基质层的生态地质系列图件,能系统地反映研究区地球表层系统中各生态地质要素的现状、特征、展布和交互关系,为生态保护修复及国土空间用途管制提供地球科学依据。     

A Numerical Study of Tidal Asymmetry： Preferable Asymmetry of Nonlinear Mechanisms in Xiangshan Bay,East China Sea

In-situ measurements in Xiangshan Bay, the East China Sea, show that the duration of the rising tide is shorter than that of the falling tide around the bay mouth, while it becomes much longer in the inner bay. A finite volume coastal ocean model（FVCOM） with an unstructured mesh was applied to simulate the asymmetric tidal field of Xiangshan Bay. The model reproduced the observed tidal elevations and currents successfully. Several numerical experiments were conducted to clarify the roles of primary mechanisms underlying the asymmetric tidal field. According to the model results, the time-varying channel depth and nonlinear advection prefer shorter duration of the rising tide in Xiangshan Bay, while the time-varying bay width favors longer duration of the rising tide. The overtides generated by these two opposite types of nonlinear mechanisms are out of phase, resulting in smaller M4 amplitude than the sumfold of each individual contribution. Although the bottom friction as a nonlinear mechanism contributes little to the generation of overtide M4, it is regarded as a mechanism that could cause a shorter duration of the rising tide, for it can slow down the M2 phase speed much more than it slows down the M4 phase speed. The time-varying depth, nonlinear advection and bottom friction are dominating factors around the bay mouth, while the time-varying width dominates in the inner bay, causing the tidal elevation asymmetry to be inverted along the bay.     

日本东海岸9.0级地震应对给我国地震应急的启示

2011年3月11日日本东北近海9.0级地震及伴发海啸造成了重大的人员伤亡和经济损失.本文介绍了这次灾害的特点和震后应急救灾行动,总结了此次应急的经验和不足,并对我国防震减灾工作提出了几点启示.     

美国PBO计划:钻孔应变仪台网遭遇挑战

PBO(Plate Boundary Observatory)计划专门设计了一批钻孔应变仪台.网,在数百米距离内,安装2～3台仪器,以研究钻孔应变仪如何响应构造活动的信号,以及局部因素会造成何种干扰.本文收集了6个这样的台网的资料,给出了所有仪器数年的记录曲线,并对观测结果显示的地壳应变场做了简要的分析对比,发现6个试...