黑沙蒿(Artemisia ordosica)对羊柴(Hedysarum laeve)及柠条(Caragana intermedia)的化感作用

采用生物测定方法,研究了黑沙蒿(Artemisia ordosica)叶水浸液对生态相关种羊柴(Hedysarum laeve)与柠条(Caragana intermedia)种子萌发与幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明:黑沙蒿叶水浸液可抑制羊柴种子萌发与幼苗生长,抑制作用随浓度的升高逐渐加强;幼苗形态指标对叶水浸液作用较为敏感,敏感程度为苗干重苗鲜重根鲜重根长苗高根干重;丙二醛含量综合化感效应指数值明显大于其他指标,相对电导率也表现出较敏感的抑制效应。黑沙蒿叶水浸液对柠条种子萌发存在低促高抑作用;对幼苗形态指标综合化感效应表现为促进,促进作用随浓度的升高逐渐减弱,根鲜重、根长与苗干重为较敏感指标;对生理指标化感综合效应表现为抑制,抑制作用随浓度升高而增强,相对电导率是最敏感的指标,丙二醛含量指标也较敏感。由此推断,对膜系统的伤害可能是黑沙蒿化感物质多种效应的生物起点。     

Ar-Ar geochronology of Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks from the Yanji area, NE China and tectonic implications

Ar-Ar dating results of late Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the Yanji area, NE China provide a new volcano-sedimentary stratigraphic framework. The previously defined “Triassic-Jurassic” volcanic rocks (including those from Sanxianling, Tuntianying, Tianqiaoling and Jingouling Fms.) were erupted during 118―106 Ma, corresponding to Early Cretaceous. The new eruption age span is slightly younger than the main stage (130―120 Ma) of the extensive magmatism in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt and its adjacent regions. Subduction-related adakites occurring in the previously defined Quanshuicun Fm. were extruded at ca. 55 Ma. Based on these new Ar-Ar ages, the late Mesozoic to Palaeocene volcano-sedimentary sequences is rebuilt as: Tuopangou Fm., Sanxianling/Tuntianying Fm. (118―115 Ma), Malugou/Tianqiaoling Fm. (K1), Huoshanyan/Jingouling Fm. (108―106 Ma), Changcai Fm. (K2), Quanshuicun Fm. (~55 Ma) and Dalazi Fm. Our results suggest that subduction of the Pa- laeo-Pacific Ocean beneath the East Asian continental margin occurred during 106 to 55 Ma, consistent with the paleomagnetic observations and magmatic records which indicated that the Izanagi-Farallon ridge subduction beneath the southwestern Japan took place during 95―65 Ma.     

汶川地震灾后重建地区的人口容量分析

Assessment of population carrying capacity is a key task in the reconstruction planning of areas struck by disasters, in which the precision of estimation is required. This study developed a decision-making model for estimating the population capacity of the involved townships and cities in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake based on the assessment of the suitability for reconstruction of the areas. Through analysis, arable land resources were argued to be the critical constraint of population capacity in these areas. Then, the spatial differentiations of the post-quake development conditions across different regions were analyzed with respect to their natural environments, socio-economic development and quake damages. The expected levels of urbanization, family incomes and income structures, output levels of land, and the reliance of agricultural population on arable land were estimated by different regions. With these parameters, the population capacities of the involved townships and cities in three scenarios were estimated. The total population capacity of the entire areas is abundant compared with the actual post-quake population; however, the status of over-population substantially varies across space. It was suggested to put the emphasis of post-quake resettlement policy on those counties where earthquake had been the main causes of over-population. In the Full Recovery Scenario, three mountain counties were identified including Wenchuan, Beichuan and Maoxian, with a total over-population of about 100,000 people.     

冲绳海槽至马里亚纳海沟重力异常和地壳结构的初步研究

根据我们实测的水深、重力连续剖面资料,计算了自东海至北斐济盆地的地壳厚度。本文旨在对冲绳海槽至马里亚纳海沟的重力异常和地壳结构进行初步的研究。该地段位于太平洋板块俯冲带以西,构造活动十分复杂、剧烈,并含有多种类型的地壳结构。     

四川及邻区地震动衰减关系

根据地震构造环境和震害分布特点, 将四川及邻区划分为西南地区和四川盆地地区. 收集了西南地区96次、 四川盆地地区40次近代破坏性地震资料, 并对各次地震的震级参数进行了统一校核. 按照该地区震中烈度与震级、 有感半径与震级的统计关系, 对地震烈度衰减进行了近场与远场特征控制, 建立了地震烈度沿长轴、 短轴和平均轴的衰减关系. 统一了中国与美国面波震级的震级标度, 利用最新得出的美国西部基岩水平向地震加速度反应谱衰减关系, 采用考虑地震加速度的近场距离饱和与震级饱和特征的衰减模型, 转换得到了该地区的基岩水平向地震加速度反应谱衰减关系.      

上海市旅游住宿业房价空间分异规律及其影响因素

以上海市主城区住宿业为研究对象,采用Arc GIS10.3、GeoDa分析软件,通过绘制等价格圈,研究房价空间分异规律及其影响因素。结果表明：① 上海市住宿业客房等价格圈圈层结构明显,在迪士尼度假区和南京东路–陆家嘴区域形成价格峰值,以此为中心,客房等价圈呈现中心–外围的渐次梯度分布特征。② 一级等价圈围绕市中心、副中心、一级商业中心、主题街区、核心景区、高校科技园区等圈层分布;二级等价圈主要沿城市核心交通枢纽、交通干道,以及区级行政中心周围分布;三级等价圈主要沿主城区边界向外围扩展分布,在传统工业区、物流园区等形成“价格洼地”。③ 在中心城区、迪士尼度假区、虹桥商务区、闵行环高校科创带等典型区域形成“多中心”“单中心”“带状”“组团式”相对价格高值区。④ 房价与企业到旅游吸引物、交通枢纽、商业中心、行政中心、高校园区、会展中心距离呈显著负相关,此外还受到企业规模、网络评分、经营周期等内部因素的综合影响。     

堆积阶地古老滑坡识别方法及其在线状工程地质勘察中的应用

阶地型古老滑坡体形成后,长期受各种营力影响,导致古老滑坡地貌形态破坏严重甚至消失。目前遥感技术和普通工程地质调绘很难发现这些滑坡的存在,给工程建设和后期运营造成较大安全隐患。为准确识别形态特征不明显的古老滑坡体,从阶地物质结构特征演变入手,找到阶地受剪切破坏产生的典型物质结构特征,将地层结构错断、卵砾石异常定向排列、摩擦镜面和泥包粒的眼球构造等作为滑坡准确识别依据。首先采用沿沟谷进行工程地质测绘的纵横交错追踪法确定滑坡体纵向范围和滑面形状,再结合地貌特征推测各级、块滑坡平面范围和分布,最后用点状勘探工程验证和校正推测结论。可将其总结为由"地貌异常、沿沟追踪、面上推断、点状校验"组成的阶地型滑坡识别方法,即物质结构异常推断法。结合线状工程勘察设计各阶段工作特点,提出线状工程前期工作中阶地型滑坡识别步骤,并在临渭高速公路工程建设项目中取得成功应用。     

利用全球环流模式进行我国汛期短期气候预测的试验

利用OSU/NCC全球大气环流模式耦合全球混合层海洋与海冰模式,采用集合预报的方法,对中国汛期降水进行了1982~1995年共14年的跨季度综合性回报检验研究。结果表明,该模式对我国汛期降水具有一定的跨季度预报能力,对部分地区（江淮至华东沿海、东北部分地区等）有较强的预报能力。     

盐卤硼酸盐化学Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅴ Ⅱ盐湖卤水酸化过程中硼酸生长速率

本文提出了一种用激光散射跟踪溶液中粒子粒度在不同时间的分布，求取粒子生长速率的简便而可行的方法，得到了大柴旦盐湖卤水在硫酸酸化过程中硼酸晶体的生长速率，并提出解决酸法提础工艺中所得硼酸晶体粒度太小的方法。     

Hydrogeochemistry of Water in Coal Measures during Grouting Treatment of Taoyuan Mine,China

Permian coal measure sandstone fissure water (referred to as “coal measure water,” that is, water in coal measures) is one of the important water sources for industrial and agricultural activities in mining areas. However, the regional high-pressure grouting, one of the most widely used floor control methods, may affect the coal measure water which is connected with limestone aquifer. This study used Taoyuan mine, a typical coal mine in Huaibei coalfield, as the research area to study the influencing mechanism of a grouting treatment on the hydrogeochemical evolution of coal measure water. The hydrogeochemical characteristics and water-rock interaction mechanism of the coal measure water before and during the treatment were evaluated using a Piper trigram, ion combination ratio, and hydrogen-oxygen stable isotope. The anions and cations in the coal measure water before and during the treatment had the same trends at SO₄²⁻ > HCO₃⁻ > Cl⁻ and Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺, respectively. Hydrochemical types of coal measure water before treatment were mainly SO₄·Cl-Ca·Mg, SO₄·Cl-Na, and HCO₃-Na, and during treatment they were mainly SO₄·Cl-Na and HCO₃-Na. The formation of chemical components of coal measure water before treatment was mainly caused by carbonate dissolution, sulfate dissolution, and pyrite oxidation. During the treatment, sulfate dissolution and pyrite oxidation were the main geochemical processes, and ion exchange was enhanced. Atmospheric precipitation was the source of all water samples, and all showed an obvious ¹⁸O drift.