郁江南宁段致洪气象特征分析

郁江南宁段致洪气象特征的分析表明,热带气旋影响左、右江流域是致洪的主要原因;洪峰出现前的第9到第5天的流域降雨量对洪水的形成具有最重要的作用.     

顾及视频地理映射的人群密度估计方法

针对复杂场景下人群计数及地图可视化问题,提出了一种顾及视频地理映射的人群密度估计方法。首先,通过迁移学习的方式,构建了适合于复杂场景的人群语义分割模型;将视频与GIS相结合,求解摄像机和人群场景的单应矩阵;基于人群语义分割结果及单应矩阵,可将人群多边形映射至二维地图。然后,设计等距分区和格网分区2种分区方案;根据人群语义分割结果,统计不同分区方案下各子区人群密度。最后,基于训练的各子区人群密度值,计算视域内人口总数;通过人群目标点符号均匀填充人群多边形,进行地图可视化。实验结果表明：(1)本文构建的人群语义分割模型,可实现大场景下人群的高精度分割,精度为94.11%;(2)将视频与GIS相结合,实现了人群的地图映射和地图可视化表达,达到了人群可定位、可量测和可空间分析的目标;(3)实现了监控视频人群的精准计数,将视域划分更多子区有利于提高计数精度。与基于密度图的人群密度估计方法相比,本文方法在高空、高密集度的大场景中具有优势,能有效解决人群难以精准计数及地图可视化的问题,可用于大型活动、车站、商场、运动场馆的人群监管。     

Effects of Material Composition and Water Content on the Mechanical Properties of Landslide Deposits Triggered by the Wenchuan Earthquake

Abundant landslide deposits were triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake, providing a rich source of material for subsequent debris flows or slope failures under rainfall conditions. A good understanding of the physical and mechanical properties of the landslide deposits is very important to the research on slope failure mechanisms and the initiation of debris flow. Laboratory biaxial compression tests are used to study the material compositions and water content impacts on the mechanical properties of landslide deposits, and a discrete element method (a bond-contact model) is used to study the particle stiffness, bond force, friction coefficient and confining stress impact on the mechanical behaviors and the relationships between the numerical and experimental parameters. The experimental results show that the failure stress of landslide deposits is decreased with increasing content of fine particles and also with increased water content, especially at the initial increasing stage. Cohesion of the saturated landslide deposits is increased, but the friction angle is decreased with the increase in the fine particle content. Shear strength parameters (the cohesion and friction angle) are decreased with the increasing water content at the initial increasing stage, and then, they slowly decrease. There is a critical value of the water content at 5%–7% (in weight) for the failure stress and shear strength parameters of the landslide deposits. Quadratic equations are presented to describe the relation between the bond force and cohesion, and the numerical friction coefficient and the experimental friction angle.     

单层FPS隔震结构的平移-扭转耦合性能分析

本文推导了FPS(Friction Pendu lum System)隔震结构在平移-扭转耦联情况下的动力反应方程,计算了单层框架结构的地震响应。分析了上部结构偏心对地震反应的影响,对比了结构在不同偏心时的反应并分析了FPS隔震装置的摩擦系数、滑道半径对其抗震性能的影响。     

汤不拉含矿斑岩的形成时代及其对斑岩钼铜矿的制约

对汤不拉钼铜矿床斑岩体进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb同位素定年,获得其成岩年龄为(19.88±0.38)Ma,表明斑岩体与矿化的形成时间一致,为中新世中期;含矿斑岩元素地球化学特征表明,其与冈底斯成矿带其它斑岩型矿床的含矿斑岩类似,具有埃达克质岩的地球化学属性,并同时具有高钾、高铝特征,与起源于俯冲洋壳熔融形成的埃达克岩构造背景不同。本文认为汤不拉含矿斑岩为新生增厚下地壳在上涌软流圈热流影响下部分熔融的产物,同时上升的埃达克质岩浆萃取源区金属元素,在后碰撞伸展构造环境下由于温度、压力的释放形成斑岩型矿床。     

土壤-植被-大气系统水分能量传输模拟和验证

本文建立了包括地下水的土壤－植被－大气系统水分能量传输综合模型,并对模型中冠层动量湍流交换反梯度传输现象的描述进行了改进。在此基础上,依据冠层内动量和热量的交换以及辐射传输过程,同时求解地表、冠层能量平衡方程,进而模拟饱和－非饱和土壤的水热传输。用浅地下水地区冬小麦田间试验资料对模型进行验证,结果表明,系统能量平衡各分量和土壤含水量的模拟与观测结果相当一致。模型敏感性分析发现,叶面积指数对总蒸散量的影响随叶面积指数的增加而逐渐减弱;叶片最小气孔阻力对总蒸散量的影响,在该阻力较小时更显著;地下水位对蒸散量的影响在它小于１．５ｍ时不显著,而在１．５～１．７５ｍ之间时,蒸散减小较快,主要由于土壤蒸发减小显著,冠层蒸腾稍有增加。     

五十年来影响广西的热带气旋统计特征分析

热带气旋是影响广西的重大天气系统之一,也是人们所关注的重要天气活动中最重要的部分。应用翔实的《台风年钅监》资料,结合广西的具体情况,对５０ａ（１９４９～１９９８）来影响广西的热带气旋作一统计分析。这一分析结果对促进广西热带气旋的预报服务将产生有益的影响     

Seasonal Characteristics of Surface Radiation Fluxes on the East Rongbuk Glacier in the Mt.Everest Region

Ground-based measurements are essential for understanding alpine glacier dynamics,especially in remote regions where in-situ measurements are extremely limited.Prom 1 May to 22 July 2005(the spring-summer period),and from 2 October 2007 to 20 January 2008(the autumn-winter period),surface radiation as well as meteorological variables were measured over the accumulation zone on the East Rongbuk Glacier of Mt. Qomolangma/Everest at an elevation of 6560 m a.s.l.by using an automatic weather station(AWS).The...     

侧扫声呐系统在荣成海流能电站示范工程中的应用

介绍了侧扫声呐系统在荣成海流能电站示范工程中的应用,对侧扫声呐系统的工作原理、图谱的特点及影响图谱影像质量的因素进行了分析,基于海流能示范工程扫测图谱影像进行了数据处理与特征提取,并将地貌分类成果应用到设计施工中取得了较好的效果;对工程应用中遇到的问题进行了总结。     

渭河白杨水源地环境同位素研究

本文应用环境同位素（~（１４）Ｃ、~（１３）Ｃ、~３Ｈ、Ｄ及~（１８）Ｏ）对渭河白杨水源地地下水年龄、运移过程和一些水文地质参数进行了研究．研究结果表明，水源地潜水为现代水补给，氚含量较高，渭河河水对其补给量约占１／２左右；中、深层承压水补给途径较远，~（１４）Ｃ年龄分别为距今４０００～５０００年和７０００～８０００年。δＤ和δ~（１８）Ｏ值变化不大，说明主要来源于大气降水补给。