Environmental and tectonic significance of Late Permian reefs in the Linxi and adjacent areas in Inner Mongolia of China

Many plateau-edge reefs and reef mounds of the Late Permian have been discovered in Linxi County and adjacent areas of Inner Mongolia, China. These reefs verify that the Hinggan-Inner Mongolia Area was an open and unobstructed sea-trough in Late Permian. Facies and sequences of reef strata in Member 4 and Member 5 of the Linxi Formation were studied for information to reconstruct the closing process of the Linxi-Jiutai chasm in the sea-trough, i.e., to constrain subsidence, uplift, and final closing. Ages of the reef-bearing strata have been determined to be late and end of Late Permian, based on ranges or abundances of diverse fossils. Six reef-building organic assemblages were distinguished, representing different ecologic conditions, according to morphological functions and paleoecological adaptations of organisms including primarily sponges, bryozoans, and calcareous algae. Two types of shelf slopes, the gentle slope and the steep slope, have been interpreted for Member 4 and Member 5 of the Linxi Formation, based on the assemblages. The locations of outcrops, and types of these reefs delineate the north margin of Sino-Korea Platform, and define uplift and final closing of the Linxi–Jiutai chasm at the end of Late Permian.     

Newmark design spectra considering earthquake magnitudes and site categories

Newmark design spectra have been implemented in many building codes, especially in building codes for critical structures. Previous studies show that Newmark design spectra exhibit lower amplitudes at high frequencies and larger amplitudes at low frequencies in comparison with spectra developed by statistical methods. To resolve this problem, this study considers three suites of ground motions recorded at three types of sites. Using these ground motions, influences of the shear-wave velocity, earthquake magnitudes, source-to-site distances on the ratios of ground motion parameters are studied, and spectrum amplification factors are statistically calculated. Spectral bounds for combinations of three site categories and two cases of earthquake magnitudes are estimated. Site design spectrum coefficients for the three site categories considering earthquake magnitudes are established. The problems of Newmark design spectra could be resolved by using the site design spectrum coefficients to modify the spectral values of Newmark design spectra in the acceleration sensitive, velocity sensitive, and displacement sensitive regions.     

JYZ11A钻孔记录的居延泽演化历史

我国内陆干旱区在末次冰期(含深海氧同位素第3阶段)是否存在古大湖近年来持续存在争论。居延泽是黑河的尾闾湖之一, 位于我国典型干旱区, 是开展这项研究的理想区域。依据居延泽盆地最低处的JYZ11A钻孔(全孔长61.13m, 本文侧重上部27m岩芯), 使用石英光释光测年获得3个可靠释光年龄并据此建立年代框架。全孔10cm间距测量沉积物粒度, 钻孔上部16.7m以2cm间距测量低频磁化率, 本文侧重分析JYZ11A钻孔上部10m的指标记录。综合岩性地层、沉积物粒度分布特征和粒度、磁化率指标记录, 并与前人已有研究进行对比, 本研究发现末次冰期时居延泽盆地主要堆积棕色冲洪积物和风沙沉积物, 早全新世为风沙沉积, 中全新世出现浅灰色湖相沉积与风沙交替沉积, 而稳定湖泊只在约3ka时才逐渐形成, 可能存在多次湖面波动并留下古湖岸堤。因此, 居延泽盆地在末次冰期包括深海氧同位素第3阶段晚期并不存在稳定大湖。居延泽早全新世干涸、中晚全新世湖泊较稳定发育的全新世成湖模式与季风区湖泊演化模式明显不同, 而与许多中亚干旱区的湖泊、风成沉积等古环境记录相似, 它们可能共同指示了一种有别于中国季风区的全新世区域湿度演化模式。     

苏北平原MIS 3阶段海侵事件的沉积记录

MIS 3阶段的气候与环境是古气候与古环境研究的热点,该阶段中国沿海地区的海侵过程是沿海平原环境演化的重要事件。根据苏北平原宝应By1钻孔的 14 C年代结果和沉积特征、微体生物组合特点,确认苏北平原MIS 3阶段存在明显的海侵事件,潮滩与泻湖相沉积层的厚度约7m,深度在By1孔19~26m,海相层位于长江三角洲地区的典型末次冰盛期的硬粘土层之下,14 C年代在距今26~39ka之间,属于MIS 3阶段的沉积,岩芯沉积物的沉积构造以水平的薄层砂质粉砂沉积为主。沉积物中大量的海相有孔虫壳体在研究的岩芯段中是最丰富的; 此外,还发现咸水环境下的Sinocytheridea impressa (Brady),Spinileberis pulchra与Spinileberis furuyaensis,Neomonoceratina chenae Zhao,Keijella bisanensis (Okubo)等形类壳体; 该段岩芯中的植物残体、碳屑也很丰富,有机质含量丰富,显示比较封闭的弱动力环境,指示了潮滩、泻湖沉积环境。     

A dipole mode at thermocline layer in the tropical Indian Ocean

Temperature data at different layers of the past 45 years were studied and we found adiploe mode in the thermocline layer (DMT): anomalously cold sea temperature off the coast of Sumatra and warm sea temperature in the western Indian Ocean. First, we analyzed the temperature and the temperature anomaly (TA) along the equatorial Indian Ocean in different layers. This shows that stronger cold and warm TA signals appeared at subsurface than at the surface in the tropical Indian O-cean. This result shows that there may be a strong dipole mode pattern in the subsurface tropical Indian Ocean. Secondly we used Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) to analyze the TA at thermocline layer. The first EOF pattern was a dipole mode pattern. Finally we analyzed the correlations between DMT and surface tropical dipole mode (SDM), DMT and Nino 3 SSTA, etc. and these correlations are strong.     

水体扰动对多种赤潮藻生长的影响

水体扰动是海洋环境的一个重要特征.扰动通过对藻细胞周围的营养盐边界层厚度的影响,进而影响藻细胞的生长.在其他环境因子统一的条件下,通过室内实验研究扰动条件为主要影响因素对藻类生长的影响.研究结果发现扰动对中肋骨条藻、具齿原甲藻等10个藻种生长存在不同影响,实验数据显示,100r·min-1扰动对新月菱形藻Nitzschia closterium,中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum、具齿原甲藻Prorocentrum dentatum、针胞藻Fibrocapsa japonica、棕囊藻Phaeocystis spp.、定鞭金藻Prymnesium patelliferium有显著作用(P<0.05),对赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo、亚心形扁藻Platymonas subcordiformis、青岛大扁藻Platymonas helgolandica var Tsing-taoensis、塔胞藻Pyramimonas sp.、Pyramidomonas作用不明显(P>0.05).扰动促进了棕囊藻和定鞭金藻的生长,使之达到最大生物量,并延长了藻细胞的生长时间;同时100r·min-1扰动抑制了新月菱形藻,中肋骨条藻、具齿原甲藻、针胞藻的生长.这些不同的藻类对水体扰动有不同生长反应,结果表明水体扰动是藻类种间竞争的的选择推动力之一.     

Preface to the special issue “Tectonics and depositional infilling of western Pacific marginal sea”

Marine Geophysical Research -     

Observations of Coronal Mass Ejections with the Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter

The Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter (CoMP) measures not only the polarization of coronal emission, but also the full radiance profiles of coronal emission lines. For the first time, CoMP observations provide high-cadence image sequences of the coronal line intensity, Doppler shift, and line width simultaneously over a large field of view. By studying the Doppler shift and line width we may explore more of the physical processes of the initiation and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Here we identify a list of CMEs observed by CoMP and present the first results of these observations. Our preliminary analysis shows that CMEs are usually associated with greatly increased Doppler shift and enhanced line width. These new observations provide not only valuable information to constrain CME models and probe various processes during the initial propagation of CMEs in the low corona, but also offer a possible cost-effective and low-risk means of space-weather monitoring.     

澜沧—耿马地震震源动力学参数研究

本文使用沧澜—耿马地震主震后在震区建立的数字地震仪记录,用波谱法测算澜沧—耿马余震的震源动力学参数。就这些参数的统计特征,对该双主震型两主震区的地下介质不同状态予以讨论。     

池沼公鱼耳石日轮的观察研究

于1989年3－8月，从辽阳汤河水库捕取成熟的池沼公鱼，获得人工授精卵。用压片法光镜下连续观察胚胎发育后期和前仔鱼期耳石轮纹的形成，并采集已知月龄的幼、成鱼耳石，制片镜检轮纹数量和排列。结果表明，仔鱼在印黄接近吸收完并开始摄食外界食物时，即孵出后第6d至第7d形成第1个轮纹，之后每天一轮，这些轮纹就是日轮；日轮间距呈规律性变化，这些变化与鱼体生长发育及生态条件密切相关。