垂向电导度的测量及在水位异常判别中的作用

为剖析咸水进水位异常，我们对位于唐山地震区附近的双桥１号井，双桥２号井及东台子井进行了多次井内垂向电导度的测量。在１９９１年１０月５日宁河ＭＬ４．６级地震及１９９２年７月２２日宁河ＭＬ４．９级地震前井下水电导度特别是含水层部位水电导度都曾出现过高值异常，这对于判别不异常是由于咸水层压力变化还是外来水的侵入是一种行之有效的简便的监测方法。     

Dissolution characteristics of deep?buried dolostone in the Member 5 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in southern Ordos Basin

The different types of deep-buried dissolution process in the Member 5 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the southern Ordos Basin and its influence on the reservoir properties are studied in this paper. It shows that three types of mechanisms include organic acid fluid, hydrothermal fluid and TSR are identified through studies of core observation, thin section analysis, inclusion temperature, trace elements and rare earth elements. It is found that the dissolution of organic acid fluid causes the stratified dissolution pores, film-like asphaltene and ring-like asphaltene, while hydrothermal fluid causes the non-selective dissolution pores without petrofabric, veins of pyrites, massive pyrites and the association of hypothermal minerals. Four occurrence models of dissolution include, (1) the deep-buried dissolution of low-temperature hydrothermal fluid occurs in Zhiluo Period of Middle Jurassic; (2) the deep-buried dissolution of organic acid fluid started from the late Middle Jurassic followed by the first hydrocarbon injection; (3) the deep-buried dissolution of middle-high temperature hydrothermal fluid occurred in the Dongsheng Period of Early Cretaceous; (4) TSR occurred at the end of Early Cretaceous with the second larger hydrocarbon injection. Both organic acid fluid and hydrothermal fluid can improve the porosity and permeability of reservoir, but the hydrothermal fluid is more effective than that of organic acid fluid.     

大西洋海温异常对东亚夏季大气环流影响的数值试验

近年来人们对东亚夏季大气环流年际异常及其机制已经进行了不少研究,一般认为外强迫作用尤其是热带太平洋海温异常是大气异常产生的重要原因之一,相对而言,大西洋海温异常作用及其对东亚夏季大气环流和季风环流的影响没有得到足够的重视,Rowntree(1976)和Gamb等(1987)先后研究了大西洋海温异常对冬季北半球大气的影响,表明通过激发欧亚型(EU)波列完全可以引起冬季亚洲大气环流异常。本文目的主要是研究大西洋海温增暖对夏季东亚大气环流特别是季风环流的影响及其可能的机制。     

地质模型约束下的地震储层预测技术及其在梨树断陷中的应用

在钻测井约束下,结合梨树断陷有关探井资料和区域性沉积相研究,综合运用调谐频率加强法高分辨率处理技术和基于地震资料的时频分析技术、地震相技术、多属性分析技术及基于层序框架下的地震资料解释技术等,采取拟声波曲线重构地震反演技术和基于调谐频率加强法的高分辨率反演方法等,研究目的层岩性、物性和含油气性。同时,结合基于地震属性分析的人工智能技术的储层物性预测方法,预测砂体的空间分布和几何形态,落实隐蔽圈闭,完成了滚动勘探和开发2个阶段不同井区有利砂体分布规律评价及预测工作。     

爆炸装置搜索视景仿真训练系统的设计与实现

为解决搜爆人员在爆炸装置搜索训练过程中,真实训练环境搭建繁琐、人力与物资成本投入大等问题,在分析搜索爆炸装置训练过程的基础上,设计了一套爆炸装置搜索训练视景仿真系统。该系统通过搜爆场景逐级细化的方法构建虚拟场景,且以具有感应能力的三维模型模拟摩尔探测仪与非线性节点探测仪等搜爆工具。基于Open Scene Graph(OSG)图形开发库,以VC++为开发环境实现了爆炸装置搜索训练视景仿真。实践证明:该系统仿真度高,达到了爆炸装置搜索仿真训练的效果,并且运行流畅,沉浸感强。     

Current status of small yellow croaker resources in the southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

We used data from bottom trawl surveys to study the factors influencing the abundance of small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis, in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the East China Sea (ECS). The resource density index (RDI) was generally higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. RDIs were also significantly greater in the SYS than in the ECS in summer and autumn. The bottom water salinity and depth of spatial distribution of small yellow croaker was similar between the two areas in summer, but different in other seasons. Regression analysis suggested that environmental factors such as bottom water temperature, salinity, and depth influenced the RDIs in summer in these areas. Growth condition factor (GCF) in the two areas varied monthly and the croaker in the SYS grew more slowly than those in the ECS. This was likely due to the low bottom temperature of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in summer and autumn or to higher human fishing pressure in the ECS. To ensure sustainable utilization of the croaker stocks in these regions, we recommend reducing the fishing intensity, increasing the cod-end mesh size, and improving the protection of juveniles.     

论地球系统科学与可持续发展战略科学基础（Ⅰ）

地球系统科学是可持续发展战略的科学。它脱胎于气候系统研究，跨越一系一自然与社会科学，将全球变化与区域变化冶为一炉，所涵差的时间数十年至一二百年，在此时间尺度内，所涵盖的对象基本上是大气、海洋与陆地以及介于其间的物质能量交换过程。陆地最重要、最复杂、受人类活动的影响亦最大，目前未知数亦最多。宜先在跨学科的综合工作上多下功夫，积极推动地系统研究。     

基于扩展关系模型的整体空间数据管理

空间数据模型和数据管理是地理信息系统 (GIS)最重要的研究领域之一。该文介绍一体化的数据模型———扩展关系模型和以此为基础的 ,由作者设计的GIS软件原型系统———GEODBMS。GEODBMS使用统一的数据库管理系统 (DBMS)同时管理图形和属性数据 ;使用改进的四叉树———交叠四叉树索引空间目标 ;使用扩展的SQL语言进行空间查询 ;使用数据恢复和并发控制方法来加强分布式环境下数据的安全性和一致性维护     

植物消浪护岸模型实验研究

对于在堤岸上种树消浪这一新的护岸工程,根据实际波浪要素和现有实验设备条件确定出几何比尺,选取桧柏树枝作为防浪树的模型,筛选主要影响因素进行量纲分析,确定实验组次,对实验现象和数据作定性和定量的分析,得出防浪林应有相当的宽度,才能起到预期的防浪护岸效果,防浪林过窄,可能会引起“共振”现象,并且斜坡的消浪效果好于平坡,对实际工程可起参考作用。     

Deformation Mechanism and Stability of a Rocky Slope

A high slope is located on the side of the spillway at a hydropower station in Southwest China, which has some weak inter-layers inclining outwards. Parts of the slope show heavy weathering and unloading. There appeared deformation and tensile crack either on the surface or on the afteredge of the slope during excavation, and under a platform （elev. 488 m）, two levels of slopes collapsed on the downriver side. Based on the investigation in situ and the analysis of the geological structure, the conceptual model of deformation and failure mechanism was erected for this slope. Furthermore, the deformation characteristics were studied with FLAC^3D numerical simulation. Comprehensive analysis shows that the whole deformation of the slope is unloading rebound in certain depth scope and the whole body does not slide along any weak interlayer. In addition, two parts with prominent local deformation in the shallow layer of the slope show the models of ＂creep sfiding-tensile cracking＂ and ＂slidlng-tensile cracking＂, respectively. Based on the above analysis, the corresponding project of support and reinforcement is proposed to make the slope more stable.