黄河三角洲水冰险情预警信息系统设计与分析应用探讨

本文探讨了黄河三角洲地区水冰灾情信息系统的建立方法及其应用问题。介绍了该系统的设计原则,数据结构,建立方法和程序,并对其应用进行了分析研究。该方法也适用于其它区域。     

湖北襄樊—福建罗源的大地电磁测量与地壳上地幔电性特征研究

湖北襄樊—福建罗源一千多公里的剖面上作了23个大地电磁测深点。该剖面穿过不同的地质构造单元。 大地电磁测深的结果清楚地反映了剖面内地壳和上地幔的电性结构特征。例如构造单元的形态、边界、断层位置、地壳和上地幔的高导层发育情况等。结果对于了解该区的深部构造背景、探讨深浅构造之间的关系提供了有益信息     

连续流动化学发光法测定地质样品中痕量金

根据Au(Ⅲ)离子催化过氧化氢氧化鲁米诺原理,研究成功了连续流动化学发光法测定地质样品中痕量金的方法。样品用盐酸、过氧化氢及溴水分解后,在巯基棉柱中进行了分离和预富集。方法检出限为2×10~(-10)gAu/ml,工作曲线线性范围为2×10~(-10)—1×10~(-5)gAu/ml。对于2×10~(-9)gAu/ml和2×10~(-8)gAu/ml的变异系数分别为5.7％和3.0％。     

离子交换法生产碳酸钾的工艺探讨

本文讨论以工业KCI和NH4HCO3为原料、采用离子交换法（国产732钠型树脂）生产K2CO3的工艺。小试验的结果：以20％KCI溶液上柱，以分段交换率在50％以前为穿漏点、流速为0．033(ml/min.ml树脂）时，总交换率达83．3％，工作交换容量达2．24（毫摩尔钾／ml树脂）；当以饱和NH4HCO3溶液进行解脱、流速在0．033(ml/min.ml树脂）时，解脱率达91．8％，产品的含量为98．2％。     

大义山西北端硼矿床特征及其控矿因素

湖南大义山西北端的硼矿属接触交代—热液叠加型。矿体赋存于大义山花岗岩体中上石炭统壶天群白云岩接触带中,呈层状、似层状,局部为透镜状,分枝复合明显。矿石组分复杂,结构构造多样。富镁的碳酸盐岩是有利的成矿围岩;富含硼、氟的大义山花岗岩体是成矿母岩;广泛发育的节理裂隙是容矿构造。外围尚有一定的找矿远景。     

山地自然灾害（以泥石流为主）及其防治

我国是一个山地自然灾害严重的国家,尤其是泥石流、滑坡灾害。八十年代以来山地自然灾害频繁,泥石流、滑坡所造成经济损失超过30亿元。本文分析了灾害成因、分布特征以及山地自然灾害的预报和防治。     

Coronal Loops Above a Sunspot Region

By analysing the data of Yohkoh soft X-ray images, vector magnetograms and 2D spectral observations, coronal loops above a large sunspot on 16–19 May 1994 have been studied. It is shown that the loops follow generally the alignment of concentrated magnetic flux. The results indicate that the soft X-ray emission is low just above the sunspot, while some loops connecting regions with opposite magnetic polarities show strong soft X-ray emission. Especially, the part of the loops near the weaker magnetic field region tends to be brighter than the one near the stronger magnetic field. The temperature around the top of the loops is typically 3 × 10⁶ K, which is higher than that at the legs of the loops by a factor of 1.5–2.0. The density near the top of the loops is about 5 x 10⁹ cm^-3, which is higher than that of the leg parts of the loops. These loops represent probably the sites where strong magnetic flux and/or current are concentrated.     

硅岩研究的进展

回顾了国外硅岩的研究历史，概述了当今的研究现状和未来的发展趋势，并与我国同一领域的研究状况作了对比分析，提出了改变国内硅岩研究落后现状的几点建议。     

城市交通效率的多目标评价方法研究——以北京市城六区为例

高速城镇化和机动化阶段,面临与日剧增的环境压力,城市交通的多目标发展成为交通可持续发展的关键。在提升居民出行满意度的同时,降低交通碳排放是目前及未来城市交通可持续发展关注的核心目标,是城市交通效率的主要内涵。由此,本文从交通出行便捷与交通碳减排双目标综合评估的角度,提出基于中观尺度的城市交通出行满意度和交通碳排放的定量测算方法;并利用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)法探讨城市交通综合效率评价方法。对北京市城六区的实证结果显示,在三环以内地区,城市交通综合效率较高,五环以外大部分地区较差。交通综合效率较高的地区集中分布于：①西三环至西四环万寿路街道的公主坟-五棵松地区。②北三环和平里街道安贞桥附近地区。③东北三环的三里屯地区。而综合效率较差的地区大多位于城市外围,例如西北六环周边,西南五环至西南六环部分地区,以及东五环外常营地区等,交通碳排放较高是这些地区交通效率较差的主要原因。此外,交通效率的空间差异与地理空间环境的差异性呈现高度的相关。例如,交通效率较差的地区大多是高档别墅区集聚的地区,以及城市五环周边公共交通不完善的部分居住区。通勤中机动化比例较高和通勤距离较长是碳排放强度较高的主要原因。     

Potentials of community-based tourism in transformations towards green economies after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in West China

This study investigates the contrasting sceneries of community-based tourism after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and focuses on the potentials of tourism in transformations towards green economies. How are tourism and environment linked in a sustainable relationship? And how can potentials of community-based tourism be directed in transformations towards green economies? A qualitative research design is used to examine contrasting sceneries and specific green elements of community-based tourism in a Qiang people's fortress village in Mao County, Sichuan Province, West China and further discuss how tourism can be compatible with human wellbeing through demonstrating a commitment to sustainable development. The study argues that potential economic, social and environmental costs of tourism need to be considered when evaluating the loss of community benefits toward sustainability. The green elements suggest the potential of community-based tourism in transformations towards green economies, involving green agricultural, green building, and green energy, green governance, green service and green consumption. This study will contribute to the debate about the relationship between tourism and environment sustainability in the green economies, as well as the critique of what can be learned for community development from green tourism in mountainous regions after the inevitable natural disasters.