基于改进EWT和LogitBoost集成分类器的地震事件分类识别算法

快速、准确地识别天然地震和人工爆破事件是地震台网监测的重要工作之一,也是提高地震观测记录质量、开展地震研究工作的重要基础。针对反向传播神经网络、支持向量机等主流分类识别方法在地震事件分类识别应用上的不足,提出一种基于改进EWT和LogitBoost集成分类器的地震事件分类识别算法。首先,基于S谱能量曲线对传统经验小波变换进行改进,将信号自适应分解为按频率和能量分布的本征模函数;其次,提取P波与S波最大振幅比,前4个本征模函数的香农熵、对数能量熵,以及去噪后重构信号主频等特征;最后,采用基于集成学习LogitBoost的决策树集成分类器进行分类。实验结果表明,所提算法具有较高的鲁棒性,能有效解决样本不足的问题,识别准确率达93.1%以上,比集成学习AdaBoost、反向传播神经网络和支持向量机等方法提高了1%以上,且分类识别效果好。     

吉林省玉米产业发展可持续能力评价研究

基于地理信息系统(GIS)及空间分析模型,从玉米生产与加工两个方面构建玉米产业可持续能力评价(sustainabliality Assessment SA)指标体系,对吉林省玉米产业发展可持续能力进行评价,并对吉林省玉米产业布局现状和规划的合理性进行分析。结果表明:长春市辖区由于地理条件优越、交通便捷以及丰富的玉米资源,是玉米产业发展的最优区域。吉林市辖区、四平市辖区、公主岭市、梨树县、农安县、扶余县地理条件相对优越、交通便捷以及丰富的玉米资源,是玉米产业发展的良好区域。松原市辖区、前郭县、德惠市、榆树市、辽源市辖区、东丰县是玉米产业发展的一般区域。大安市、乾安县、长岭县、舒兰市、永吉县、双辽市发展玉米产业条件相对较差。     

兰州市主城区房价分异及驱动因素研究

以2021年兰州市主城区678个居住小区房价数据为基础,引入地理场模型量化影响房价的外部因素,通过空间自相关分析、多尺度地理加权回归等模型对房价分异的空间格局及驱动因素的作用机理、带宽差异展开研究,以期为推动河谷型城市房产市场的公平发展提供参考。结果表明:(1)兰州市主城区平均房价为13739元·m^-2,空间上呈现“一主三副”的带状多中心组团式分布格局,房价由多中心向四周递减,价格相似的小区在地理空间上邻近分布,具有“小集中、大分散”的局部空间特征。(2)房价分异是多种驱动因素共同作用的结果,区位特征中的主商圈对房价的影响居于首位,建筑特征中的房龄、容积率和邻里特征中的中学数量、绿化率等对房价的影响较大,城市地理特征对房价具有显著影响,愈靠近黄河的小区、房价越高。(3)各驱动因素的带宽差异明显,主商圈、医院等小尺度变量存在高度空间异质性,而容积率、黄河等全局变量基本不存在空间异质性。     

陕南勉略宁地区黑木林-硖口驿新元古代镁铁质岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

对于扬子板块西北缘新元古代早—中期(835～720 Ma)岩浆岩形成的构造背景尚存在较大争议。本文对陕南勉略宁地区碧口微地块内黑木林-硖口驿SSZ型(俯冲带上盘型)蛇绿混杂岩中的辉长岩、辉长闪长岩和变安山质玄武岩分别进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、岩石学及岩石地球化学研究。研究结果表明,木瓜园辉长岩和变安山质玄武岩属岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线均呈右倾型,具有微弱的Eu负异常,微量元素原始地幔标准化图解显示其富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE)而亏损高场强元素(HFSE,如Nb、Ta等),与岛弧岩浆岩相似。黑木林、硖口驿辉长闪长岩属钙碱性系列。黑木林辉长闪长岩具与Bonin弧前玻安质岩石类似的地球化学特征,具较高的SiO₂含量(54.27%～56.79%)、MgO含量(11.10%～17.04%)和较低的TiO₂含量(0.08%～0.19%),富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U和Pb,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti,以及弱的Zr、Hf正异常等特征。硖口驿辉长闪长岩MgO含量较低(4.24%～8.9...     

川东南长宁地区地震活动及b值演化特征

利用全国统一目录和流动台站目录,研究了四川盆地东南部长宁地区的地震活动特征和b值的空间分布特征.研究结果显示,长宁地区的地震活动在时间上呈现明显的分段特征,地震活动在2015年后明显增强;在空间上,长宁地区的地震活动主要集中在以28.3°N为界限的南、北2个地区,对于这2个区域的b值演化,计算结果显示出不同的分段特征....     

Investigation into the daily precipitation variability in the Yangtze River Delta,China

In this article, by using the daily precipitation data measured at 58 meteorological stations, spatial and temporal variability of daily precipitation including zero rainfall values (called “precipitation”) and without zero rainfall values (called “rain”) and four precipitation extrema (P₀, P₂₀, P₅₀, and P₁₀₀ representing the daily precipitation with the magnitude smaller than 0.1 mm, bigger than 20 mm, 50 mm, and 100 mm per day, respectively) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during 1958–2007 were analyzed, and the effects of urbanization were further investigated. Results indicate that (i) differing from the downward trends in 1958–1985, daily precipitation and rain in 1986–2007 show slowly downward trends in the mid YRD but show upward trends in the northern and southern YRD. (ii) Spatial and temporal variability of the rain is more complex than daily precipitation. Both of them become smaller but show more obvious fluctuations in 1986–2007. (iii) Urbanizations cause not only the urban rainfall island problem but also more obvious fluctuations of rain intensity in the mid YRD, reflecting more uncertainty of daily precipitation variability. (iv) Urbanizations have little effects on the variability of P₀ and P₁₀₀ but cause notable increases of P₂₀ and P₅₀. (v) The spatial variability of daily precipitation and precipitation extrema in 1958–1985 clearly shows a breakpoint at 30°20′N latitude, but the breakpoint disappears afterward because of the effects of urbanization. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

One‐dimensional consolidation with a threshold gradient: a Stefan problem with rate‐dependent latent heat

During the process of one‐dimensional consolidation with a threshold gradient, the seepage front moves downward gradually, and the problem is indicated as a Stefan problem. The novel feature in this Stefan problem is a latent heat that varies inversely with the rate of the moving boundary. An exact solution for the external load that increases in proportion to the square root of time is constructed using the similarity transformation technique. Computational examples concerning the effect of different parameters on the motion of the seepage front are presented. The exact solution provides a worthwhile benchmark for verifying the accuracy of numerical and approximate methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Passive microwave remote sensing of the historic February 2010 snowstorms in the Middle Atlantic region of the USA

The snowfall in the Baltimore/Washington metropolitan area during the winter of 2009/2010 was unprecedented and caused serious snow‐related disruptions. In February 2010, snowfall totals approached 2 m, and because maximum temperatures were consistently below normal, snow remained on the ground the entire month. One of the biggest contributing factors to the unusually severe winter weather in 2009/2010, throughout much of the middle latitudes, was the Arctic Oscillation. Unusually high pressure at high latitudes and low pressure at middle latitudes forced a persistent exchange of mass from north to south. In this investigation, a concerted effort was made to link remotely sensed falling snow observations to remotely sensed snow cover and snowpack observations in the Baltimore/Washington area. Specifically, the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer onboard the Aqua satellite was used to assess snow water equivalent, and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder were employed to detect falling snow. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer passive microwave signatures in this study are related to both snow on the ground and surface ice layers. In regard to falling snow, signatures indicative of snowfall can be observed in high frequency brightness temperatures of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder. Indeed, retrievals show an increase in snow water equivalent after the detection of falling snow. Yet, this work also shows that falling snow intensity and/or the presence of liquid water clouds impacts the ability to reliably detect snow water equivalent. Moreover, changes in the condition of the snowpack, especially in the surface features, negatively affect retrieval performance. Copyright © 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.