高速公路下伏某煤矿采空区地质特征及注浆充填法治理研究

煤矿采空区是工程建设中不良地质条件之一，其地质特征评价和如何治理是两个关键问题。笔者结合高速公路建设中某采空区的治理实践，对这两方面进行了探索，对工程建筑中所遇各类采空区的地质特征评价及其治理方法有一定借鉴意义。     

对燕山辽西地区构造格局的认识和讨论

燕山辽西地区的盖层可分两个构造层,由燕辽复向斜和秦皇岛背形相互叠加,并相应发育两期推覆构造。复向斜范围包括内蒙地轴和燕山沉降带,是由长条形的三个背斜和二个向斜相间,及配套的EW向纵断裂、SN向横断裂和NE向、NW向的共轭断裂组成。著名的尚义-宽城-凌源-朝阳-北票断裂是复向斜及其次级背斜的轴部纵断裂,以南大岭组、窑坡组和北票组作为其裂隙充填物。燕山EW向断裂南北对冲现象是复向斜纵断裂放射状排列并向核部推覆的反映。复向斜的形成机制完全符合纵弯褶皱作用下岩石的变形原理,是西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞的结果;秦皇岛背形的形成是后期太平洋板块俯冲在欧亚板块之下所致。     

碱熔沉淀-等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中的多元素

采用过氧化钠焙融或偏硼酸锂熔融分解样品，将提取液碱性沉淀，通过过滤分离掉大量熔剂，再将沉淀用酸复溶后用等离子体质谱测定26个元素。通过对比，偏硼酸锂熔融—酸提取—碱性沉淀的方案，空白低，易操作，成本低，大多数元素测定结果的相对误差＜10％，相对标准偏差＜5％(n＝10)，与标准值相吻合。     

System identification of linear structures based on Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis. Part 2: Complex modes

A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水下无源导航系统仿真匹配算法研究

针对水下无源导航(地形辅助导航)系统的特点，充分利用各种海洋地理特征传感器获取信息，进行数据预处理、算法分析、性能评估，然后进行智能数据融合，进而完成水下无源导航系统模块化的仿真设计，为水下无源导航系统的进一步研究提供可行的方法和技术。仿真结果表明，采用水下地形匹配辅助导航，能够有效地修正惯导误差达到设计要求，为真实海洋环境下的精确导航提供可靠的技术依据。     

一种新的多通道GPS共视资料的处理算法

提出了一种按仰角加权的多通道GPS共视资料处理算法，充分利用了所有观测数据，同时抑制了多径等因素影响，从而可提高共视比对精度。对日本邮政省通讯研究所(CRL)和国家授时中心(NTSC)2002年5月～2003年3月的多通道共视比对的处理结果表明，新的处理算法结果更接近真实钟差。     

岩体边坡工程中的位移监测及分析

边坡工程的监测取决于监测人员对岩(土)体介质的认识程度和选择相应的方法和手段。通过对江西德兴铜矿大山村选矿厂东部边坡和北部楔形地质结构体稳定状况的监测,阐述了在边坡工程中位移监测的应用及有关分析。     

打桩挤土的现场试验研究及土体位移的计算公式

打桩挤土使周围土体发生位移,对周围其他桩及附近原有建筑物和基础设施产生破坏。本文通过典型工程打桩过程中的监测数据,运用小孔扩张理论结合回归分析方法导出了计算土体位移量的经验公式。运用该公式可定量预估挤土程度,防止意外事故的发生。     

硫同位素混合总体筛分

现代矿床学研究表明，绝大多数矿床的形成具有多来源、多阶段、多成因的特点。定量研究S同位素来源可将形成一个矿床的过程看作是多个总体的混合或叠加，在数学上这种混合或叠加可以用混合总体筛分的数学模型来描述。笔者在长江中下游地区和湖南东坡矿田中成功地应用混合总体筛分的数学模型，定量研究了S同位素来源的问题，这一问题的解决对于研究成矿物质来源和成矿机理具有重要的意义。     

Deconvolving the δO seawater component from subseasonal coral δO and Sr/Ca at Rarotonga in the southwestern subtropical Pacific for the period 1726 to 1997

To reconstruct oceanographic variations in the subtropical South Pacific, 271-year long subseasonal time series of Sr/Ca and δ¹⁸O were generated from a coral growing at Rarotonga (21.5°S, 159.5°W). In this case, coral Sr/Ca appears to be an excellent proxy for sea surface temperature (SST) and coral δ¹⁸O is a function of both SST and seawater δ¹⁸O composition (δ¹⁸O_sw). Here, we focus on extracting the δ¹⁸O_sw signal from these proxy records. A method is presented assuming that coral Sr/Ca is solely a function of SST and that coral δ¹⁸O is a function of both SST and δ¹⁸O_sw. This method separates the effects of δ¹⁸O_sw from SST by breaking the instantaneous changes of coral δ¹⁸O into separate contributions by instantaneous SST and δ¹⁸O_sw changes, respectively. The results show that on average δ¹⁸O_sw at Rarotonga explains ∼39% of the variance in δ¹⁸O and that variations in SST explains the remaining ∼61% of δ¹⁸O variance. Reconstructed δ¹⁸O_sw shows systematic increases in summer months (December-February) consistent with the regional pattern of variations in precipitation and evaporation. The δ¹⁸O_sw also shows a positive linear correlation with satellite-derived estimated salinity for the period 1980 to 1997 (r = 0.72). This linear correlation between reconstructed δ¹⁸O_sw and salinity makes it possible to use the reconstructed δ¹⁸O_sw to estimate the past interannual and decadal salinity changes in this region. Comparisons of coral δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁸O_sw at Rarotonga with the Pacific decadal oscillation index suggest that the decadal and interdecadal salinity and SST variability at Rarotonga appears to be related to basin-scale decadal variability in the Pacific.