Carbon emission mitigation through regulatory policies and operations adaptation in supply chains: theoretic developments and extensions

Along with carbon emission regulations launched by governments and consumers’ rising concerns about climate changes and global carbon footprint, interests of academia and industry have risen in carbon-efficient supply chain management. This research focuses on some product supply chain to make a literature review-based investigation on proposing a theoretical framework. We also solve potential research issues of how diverse carbon emission regulations can work on supply chain performance as well as emission; in what way we can find coordination mechanisms and optimal policies for supply chain operations to abate emission and enhance system profitability within different scenarios; and also to evaluate the effect on emission reduction for each emission regulation aforementioned through comparing their associated supply chain performances and system emission. Both practitioners in industry and academia might find this study useful, as it generates concepts with a formal framework of potential and values theoretical issues in the emerging field of carbon-efficient supply chain management which combines carbon emission regulations with mature operation management to enrich the theory of supply chain management. This study is perhaps to be valuable and constructive both for operational decisions in firms and for the enactment as well as implementation of emission-reduction regulations. This study should activate further potential researches.     

重庆秀山寒武纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素组成及其地层学意义

锶同位素地层学是化学地层学的组成部分 ,简要介绍重庆市秀山县溶溪乡罗家沟寒武系剖面海相碳酸盐的锶同位素分析结果 ,建立了该剖面的锶同位素演化曲线 ,并与 Gao及 Denison等的同期锶演化曲线作了对比 ,秀山寒武纪锶同位素演化曲线与其他两条同期曲线有较大相似性 ,据此提出了秀山寒武系剖面部分主要年代地层界线的参考意见 ,并简述了寒武纪全球海平面变化的概况。     

Numerical Calculation of Equivalent Cell Permeability Tensors for General Quadrilateral Control Volumes

A new method for upscaling fine scale permeability fields to general quadrilateral-shaped coarse cells is presented. The procedure, referred to as the conforming scale up method, applies a triangle-based finite element technique, capable of accurately resolving both the coarse cell geometry and the subgrid heterogeneity, to the solution of the local fine scale problem. An appropriate averaging of this solution provides the equivalent permeability tensor for the coarse scale quadrilateral cell. The general level of accuracy of the technique is demonstrated through application to a number of flow problems. The real strength of the conforming scale up method is demonstrated when the method is applied in conjunction with a flow-based gridding technique. In this case, the approach is shown to provide results that are significantly more accurate than those obtained using standard techniques.     

Heat flow and thermal modeling of the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea

Geothermal gradients are estimated to vary from 31 to 43 °C/km in the Yinggehai Basin based on 99 temperature data sets compiled from oil well data. Thirty-seven thermal conductivity measurements on core samples were made and the effects of porosity and water saturation were corrected. Thermal conductivities of mudstone and sandstone range from 1.2 to 2.7 W/m K, with a mean of 2.0±0.5 W/m K after approximate correction. Heat flow at six sites in the Yinggehai Basin range from 69 to 86 mW/m², with a mean value of 79±7 mW/m². Thick sediments and high sedimentation rates resulted in a considerable radiogenic contribution, but also depressed the heat flow. Measurements indicate the radiogenic heat production in the sediment is 1.28 μW/m³, which contributes 20% to the surface heat flow. After subtracting radiogenic heat contribution of the sediment, and sedimentation correction, the average basal heat flow from basement is about 86 mW/m².Three stages of extension are recognized in the subsidence history, and a kinematic model is used to study the thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era. Model results show that the peak value of basal heat flow was getting higher and higher through the Cenozoic. The maximum basal heat flow increased from 65 mW/m² in the first stage to 75 mW/m² in the second stage, and then 90 mW/m² in the third stage. The present temperature field of the lithosphere of the Yinggehai Basin, which is still transient, is the result of the multistage extension, but was primarily associated with the Pliocene extension.     

中亚地区阿姆河盆地查尔朱、布哈拉阶地构造特征及演化

阿姆河盆地是中亚地区重要的含油气盆地,位于阿姆河北岸的查尔朱阶地和布哈拉阶地为盆地的二级构造单元,其油气资源量占全盆地的一半。油气主要富集于阶地的局部背斜构造和生物礁圈闭中,这些圈闭与该区构造形成演化密不可分。利用常规地质资料,通过精细地层对比和地震资料解释,识别出两个关键界面:侏罗纪末的断拗转换面和早第三纪末的区域角度不整合面,并结合板块构造理论确定了构造变形时期。研究认为,侏罗纪以来两阶地经历了侏罗纪—白垩纪断陷—拗陷期和早第三纪抬升—改造期两个重要演化阶段,形成了上、中、下三大构造层。断陷—拗陷阶段的沉积控制了该区的构造格局;中构造层膏盐层的发育丰富了后期的构造样式。早第三纪—晚第三纪的构造运动使该区构造发生了强烈变革,形成了典型的逆断裂、走滑断裂带和不对称复合背斜构造带。     

浙江中部芙蓉山花岗斑岩及包体岩石地球化学研究

花岗岩的源区、温压条件及与其他岩石的共生组合的研究可以限定其形成构造背景,了解其形成的深部动力学过程.本文对浙江中部中生代芙蓉山花岗斑岩及其暗色包体开展了全岩主微量元素、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素、Ti温度计和全岩Sr—Nd同位素研究,探讨芙蓉山花岗斑岩的成因类型、源区特征及其与镁铁质包体之间的关系,并进一步限定其...     

川南沐川地区宣威组底部铌-稀土多金属富集层富集规律、沉积环境与成矿模式

云南、贵州地区对晚二叠世宣威组底部Nb-REE多金属富集层的研究取得了重要进展,但其成因还有较大争议.为厘清沐川地区宣威组底部Nb-REE多金属富集层成因机制及富集规律,本研究开展了野外实地调查、矿物学、岩相古地理与岩石地球化学等系统性研究,探讨其物源、富集规律,建立了成矿模式.结果 表明,川南沐川地区宣威组底部Nb-...     

测井技术在灰岩地区隧道深孔勘探中的应用

鄂西地区完整灰岩地层的视电阻率、密度、声波、自然伽马等曲线形态受灰岩胶结物质成份和泥质含量影响并具有一定的规律性，当灰岩地层受到构造、溶蚀作用产生破碎带、岩溶、裂隙等不良地质体或存在地下含水体时，各测井物理参数发生变化并在曲线形态上呈现异常反映，据此可以对不良地质体的位置、规模、类型进行准确判断。测井技术在鄂西地区灰岩地区隧道深孔勘探中的应用，补充、验证了钻探资料，为隧道设计、施工提供了可靠的依据。     

橄榄岩与榴辉岩中的一种金属合金

对江苏东海橄榄岩与榴辉岩中部分矿物的初步测试分析 ,发现其中存在一种金属矿物。其矿物结构与镍纹石近似。推测该矿物为具地幔特征的铁镁质残留物。