用面角公式标定锆石晶面符号初探

锆石晶体测量后,用面角公式计算相邻两晶面面角值来标定晶面符号是一个探索性的方法。锆石晶面符号这一测定方法的论证,也为不同成因的同种矿物对应面夹角的对比,提出了新的研究课题。     

广西金牙金矿床构造动力成矿高温高压实验及其研究意义

作者根据金牙金矿床地质,成矿物质和介质来源,成矿温、压和物理化学条件和矿体分布等特征研究认为,该矿床的形成与构造动力有关。据此,确定实验的温、压条件,并适当考虑岩石含水量的影响。实验结果表明:岩石、矿物变形随温、压和含水量增加而由脆性向韧性变化,溶(熔)点降低。溶解度升高;岩石中高能量、高应力部位发生破裂、变形,之后应力、能量释放而变为低应力、低能量部位。Fe,S,As,Au,Ag等元素活化,矿物、岩石挤压溶解(熔融)和析水,由高应力、高能量部位驱向低应力、低能量的裂缝运移、扩容充填、汇聚、结晶成矿。证实了该金矿床的成矿机制和成矿模式。     

中国上空的涡动水汽输送

利用1983年国内外149个探空站全年资料,系统地研究了中国大陆上空的涡动水汽输送,包括涡动水汽输送的路径、收支量及其时空分布特点。研究表明,我国夏半年是涡动水汽源地,冬半年是汇地;涡动水汽以春、秋的4、10月最强,30°～40°N间最为活跃;涡动水汽净输送量在华北、西北、东北均超过总输送净量的50%;涡动水汽的经向性十分明显,经由长江流域北界输入北方的涡动水汽量占总输送量的91%强,表明它是把湿润地区暖湿水汽输向干旱、半干旱地区的主要机制,这不仅对北方大气湿度的维持,而且对其降水都有着特殊的贡献。     

新疆阿尔泰山哈纳斯河流域及其邻域第四纪冰川作用

根据新疆阿尔泰山哈纳斯河流域及其邻域第四纪冰川遗迹的类型和特征,哈纳斯河流域第四纪时期至少发生过5次明显的冰川事件,即倒数第三冰期,倒数第二冰期,倒数第一冰期(末次冰期),新冰期和小冰期。其中,更新世的3次冰川作用规模巨大,倒数第三冰期的冰川呈半覆盖式,倒数第二冰期和倒数第一冰期时发育了长达96km以上的大型山谷冰川。古冰川属于冰温高、活动性大和侵蚀能力强的温冰川。从新到老,每次冰期的雪线下降幅度一次比一次大。     

贺兰山东麓冲沟裂点溯源迁移速率及其形成年龄的讨论

本文通过对洪积扇断层崖上升盘冲沟裂点位置的实测和研究,讨论了贺兰山东麓地区影响裂点溯源迁移速率的主要因素,建立了这一地区裂点位置与形成年龄关系的公式。据此确定贺兰山东麓断层全新世以来至少发生过三次类似1739年平罗大地震的古地震事件,强震的重复间隔时间大约在2500年至3500年     

中国东部三个中新生代含油(气)盆地和拗(凹)陷泥岩压实与流体运移模拟

根据自己研制的高压控温泥岩压实仪,对我国三水、泌阳和黄骅三个中新生代含油(气)盆地和拗(凹)陷进行了压实模拟,从而证实了我国东部三个中新生代盆地和拗(凹)陷存在四个压实阶段,证实了泥质沉积物和地温梯度是严重影响压实和流体运移的主要因素,同时还证实了三水盆地和泌阳凹陷存在着严重的剥蚀。     

Characterization of genome-wide microsatellites of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharina japonica</Emphasis> based on a preliminary assembly of Illumina sequencing reads

Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSR) function widely and locate dependently in genome. However, their characteristics are often ignored due to the lack of genomic sequences of most species. Kelp (Saccharina japonica), a brown macroalga, is extensively cultured in China. In this study, the genome of S. japonica was surveyed using an Illumina sequencing platform, and its microsatellites were characterized. The preliminarily assembled genome was 469.4 Mb in size, with a scaffold N₅₀ of 20529 bp. Among the 128370 identified microsatellites, 90671, 25726 and 11973 were found in intergenic regions, introns and exons, averaging 339.3, 178.8 and 205.4 microsatellites per Mb, respectively. These microsatellites distributed unevenly in S. japonica genome. Mononucleotide motifs were the most abundant in the genome, while trinucleotide ones were the most prevalent in exons. The microsatellite abundance decreased significantly with the increase of motif repeat numbers, and the microsatellites with a small number of repeats accounted for a higher proportion of the exons than those of the intergenic regions and introns. C/G-rich motifs were more common in exons than in intergenic regions and introns. These characteristics of microsatellites in S. japonica genome may associate with their functions, and ultimately their adaptation and evolution. Among the 120140 pairs of designed microsatellite primers, approximately 75% were predicted to be able to amplify S. japonica DNA. These microsatellite markers will be extremely useful for the genetic breeding and population evolution studies of kelp.     

Northern-Hemisphere snow cover patterns and formation conditions in winter 2007 and 2012

The Arctic sea ice minimum records appeared in the Septembers of 2007 and 2012, followed by high snow cover areas in the Northern Hemisphere winters. The snow cover distributions show different spatial patterns in these two years: increased snow cover in Central Asia and Central North America in 2007, while increased snow cover in East Asia and northwestern Europe in 2012. The high snow cover anomaly shifted to higher latitudes in winter of 2012 compared to 2007. It is noticed that the snow cover had positive anomaly in 2007 and 2012 with the following conditions: the negative geopotential height and the related cyclonic wind anomaly were favorable for upwelling, and, with the above conditions, the low troposphere and surface air temperature anomaly and water vapor anomaly were favorable for the formation and maintenance of snowfalls. The negative geopotential height, cyclonic wind and low air temperature conditions were satisfied in different locations in 2007 and 2012, resulting in different spatial snow cover patterns. The cross section of lower air temperature move to higher latitudes in winter of 2012 compared to 2007.     

黔东松桃盘石-盘信地区铅锌矿成矿地质条件分析

黔东松桃盘石-盘信地区及其邻区位于雪峰山西缘。研究区经受了加里东期、印支期、燕山期等多期构造作用的改造,构造变形极为复杂（金宠,2010;李三忠等,2011）。近年来,位于研究区相邻的湖南花垣发现了超大型铅锌矿床而引起人们的极大关注（杨绍祥等,2007;周云等,2011）,黔东铅锌成矿区作为川、滇、黔成矿带和湘西-鄂西成矿带的交汇部分,且毗邻湘西花垣铅锌矿集区,已发现有嗅脑、粑粑寨、康金、小红岩、团塘、老屋场等铅锌矿点,但这些矿点普遍规模小、矿石品位底,经济价值较小（图1）。尤其值得注意的是：研究区与花垣相邻,两者有相同或相近的地质背景与成矿条件, 因而该区找矿潜力较大。本文即对该区铅锌矿成矿地质条件作出简要分析。