基于高光谱影像的地形图要素变化自动检测与更新方法研究

探讨采用高光谱遥感影像自动检测地形图变化的技术途径。针对地形图变化检测特点,利用经过辐射和几何处理的高光谱影像,结合已有地面资料确定地物样区,建立地形图要素的光谱特征。在建立地物要素光谱特征过程中,提出结合地形图资料,采用迭代光谱特征重建方法,利用训练样本和初始分析结果作为新的样本进行特征提取,克服高光谱影像处理中存在的训练样本数量要求大的难点,提高地物光谱特征建立的可靠性,从而有效提高分析精度。采用EO-1数据实验表明,该方法能够有效实现地物要素信息的自动提取,是变化检测与自动更新的一种有效方法。     

机载LiDAR技术

机载LiDAR集成了GPS、IMU、激光扫描仪新一代航空遥感系统,能利用飞行获取的原始数据直接生成DEM和正射影像图,而无需任何或仅需少量的地面控制点。与传统的摄影测量技术相比,机载LiDAR可以节省大量的人力、时间和经费。在过去十年,机载LiDAR作为精确、快速的地球表面三维测量方法已得到广泛的认同,本文详细介绍了机载LiDAR的基本原理、技术结构及数据处理流程。     

江苏省国土资源基础数据整合技术研究与实践

本文结合《江苏省国土资源基础数据库建设试点》项目,开展国土资源基础数据库整合关键技术的研究。文中介绍了整合技术的总体思路和数据整合关键技术研究成果,以及成果应用效果,为国土资源行业开展类似工作提供一些实践经验参考。     

1：5万地形图框架数据质量影响因素分析

数据质量成因分析是地图数据质量控制的一项基础性的工作，只有找出产生误差的原因才能提出控制质量方法。本文介绍了1：5万框架图数据生产的基本情况，详细分析了产生框架图数据误差的诸多原因，认为地图数据质量与生产模式、生产条件、技术准备、作业环境、生产资料、技术培训、软件系统、作业人员等多种因素有关。     

Fast robust large-scale mapping from video and internet photo collections

This paper presents a system approaching fully automatic 3D modeling of large-scale environments. Our system takes as input either a video stream or collection of photographs obtained from Internet photo sharing web-sites such as Flickr. The system achieves high computational performance through algorithmic optimizations for efficient robust estimation, the use of image-based recognition for efficient grouping of similar images, and two-stage stereo estimation for video streams that reduces the computational cost while maintaining competitive modeling results. In addition to algorithmic advances, we achieve a major improvement in computational speed through parallelization and execution on commodity graphics hardware. These improvements lead to real-time video processing and to reconstruction from tens of thousands of images within the span of a day on a single commodity computer. We demonstrate modeling results on a variety of real-world video sequences and photo collections.     

国家1:50000数据库更新工程总体设计研究与技术创新

为了全面提高1:50000数据库的信息现势性和要素完整性,我国"十一五"期间组织实施了国家1:50000数据库更新工程.介绍该工程总体技术研究与技术创新工作,包括研究设计以地形数据全要素更新、全区域变化检测和全过程质量控制为主要特征的1:50000数据库全面更新模式,研究提出符合我国大面积快速更新实际需要的缩编更新优先、影像一体化更新为主的主体更新方法,设计研制规模化更新所需的生产技术系统,制定配套的生产技术规定,建立规模化更新生产业务体系,并在全国大规模更新生产中广泛使用.

Abstract：

The currency of geographic data refers to its consistency with respect to the real world, and plays a criti-cal role in geographic information service and applications. In order to improve the quality of geographic informa-tion service, State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China had launched a five year's national campaign to up-date 1 : 50000 topographic database. This paper outlines the master design and technical development of this na-tional updating engineering, which adopts a full coverage updating strategy characterized by all element topo-graphic data modeling, change detection in all related areas, and whole process data quality controlling. High resolution image-based updating and large-scale data generalization-based updating were developed and used as two majors updating techniques, a series of technical production specifications were made, Based on the above, a technical system for large scale updating production, mainly including image based updating software and data generalization based updating software, has been developed and equipped to a large number of production units. The new technical pro-duction system has been successfully implemented in national campaign to update 1 : 50000 topographic database.     

地质灾害变形监测系统开发及应用

地质灾害监测环境非常复杂,特别是在恶劣天气下,传统周期性变形监测的方法不能够实时获取地质灾害所处的状态。根据传统变形监测工作流程及相应的质量技术要求,结合变形监测规范的要求和实际生产习惯,研制了基于测量机器人集机载控制网观测、变形监测自动数据采集、数据处理、精度统计、手薄报表输出、数据平差、分析预测预报于一体的变形监测数据处理系统DMPS,并应用湖北省黄冈市白莲河抽水蓄能电站的边坡监测。     

Contribution of new AAM data source to δLOD excitation

Data sets of the changes of the length of day (ΔLOD) measured by space geodetic techniques and of the atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) derived from global meteorological data by the National Meteorological Center (NMC) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) are used to reanalyze and study the excitations of ΔLOD, and to examine and compare the contribution of each AAM series to ΔLOD. The main results are as follows. 1. The AAM reanalyzed with the assimilated global meteorological data by NCEP/NCAR are more accurate and have lower noise than the original AAM derived by NMC. The NCEP/NCAR-based AAM is more consistent with the changes of the length-of-day series. 2. The NCEP reanalysed AAM data may better explain the non-tidal LOD variations on intraseasonal to interannual time scales, especially on the quasi-biennial time scale. The atmosphere cannot, however, explain all LOD variations; other excitation sources are possible. 3. The effects of atmosphere on the estimated values of tides for ΔLOD components up to a month are weak. The preliminary results of the annual and semiannual tides can be estimated after removing the effects of atmosphere from ΔLOD. Received: 27 May 1998 / Accepted: 22 March 1999     

复杂等高线自动综合的分形处理方法研究

复杂等高线自动综合是计算机辅助制图领域中一项重要且难度较大的任务。本文根据分形理论的基本原理，提出了一种基于量化等高线形状结构特征的复杂等高线自动综合的新方法。研究和实验表明，该方法充分顾及了地貌形态特征，能够对等高线图形进行客观、有效地概括。     

同步设计和异步设计的最优性

针对Grafarend的四类设计,提出了网的同步设计,论证了异步设计的相互关系,并从最优性及解集论证了同步设计和异步设计的最优性问题.得到整体最优和局部最优。最后以一算例表明结果的合理性。