拉斯曼丘陵的短期气候特征

利用中山站１９８９年以来的气象资料,对拉斯曼丘陵的短期气候特征进行了初步分析。结果表明,拉斯曼丘陵的气候特点与东南极沿岸其它绿洲区相似,共同受大尺度气候过程的影响,同时还具有许多局地气候特征。     

日本90年代区域差异的现状与趋势

在都道府县层次上,日本的经济区域差异已比较小。从ＧＤＰ的人均生产额来说,最高的东京都与最低的奈良县之比为３倍左右;从人均分配所得来说,最高的东京与最低的冲绳县之比只有２倍左右。所以分配的差异比生产的差异更小。但人口密度和经济密度的区域差异仍很突出。人口密度的差异达到７０多倍。经济密度的差异更达到１６０多倍。日本经济区域差异的缩小主要发生在６０、７０年代,在８０年代反而有所扩大,９０年代主要由于泡沫经济的破灭又有所缩小。在今后几年,在泡沫经济破灭、东亚经济危机等暂时因素和较高的经济发展水平、越来越注重环境和福利的价值观等长远因素的作用下,日本的区域差异还将进一步缩小。     

甘肃老虎山闪长岩的地球化学特征及其成因

位于北祁连造山带东端的老虎山闪长岩侵位在晚奥陶统阴沟群砂板岩中,闪长岩的单颗粒锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄为４２３．５±２．８Ｍａ,是中志留世侵位的。老虎山闪长岩属于钙碱性岩系,富集ＬＲＥＥ和大离子亲石元素（ＬＩＬＥ）,Ｃｅ／Ｙｂ比值大于１３,Ｔｈ／Ｔａ比值大（１３～４２）,在微量元素分布图中呈现明显的Ｎｂ负异常,具岛弧或活动陆缘环境的特征。虽然老虎山闪长岩具有岛弧地球化学特征,但并不能认为它就产于岛弧环境,因为,在奥陶纪末期,早古生代的北祁连洋盆已经发生闭合,华北板块与柴达木板块已发生碰撞。因此,老虎山闪长岩是造山后侵位的,其成因可能与岩石圈拆沉作用有关。     

二连盆地侏罗系地层热演化史研究

本文应用磷灰石裂变径迹,镜质体动力学模型等方法恢复二连盆地侏罗系地层的热演化史,二连盆地图参１井磷灰石退火浓度为１６００－２７７４ｍ,对应的退火温度为６４－１０２．７℃,图参１井现今温度小于最高古地温,这是由于二连盆地地温梯度逐渐降低及地层发生抬升和剥蚀所致。根据磷灰石裂变径迹分析和镜质体动力学模型模拟图参１井的热演化史,在晚侏罗世时其经受的最高地温梯度分别为７℃／ｈｍ和６℃／ｈｍ。侏罗系地层在晚     

An analysis of anomalous weather and climate around the M S=6.2 earthquake of Zhangbei region

Through analysis we found that some mesoscale anomalous regions (10¹–10² km) of meteorological parameters such as the special drought areas, unusual warm areas, the largest snowfall center, low pressure area together with the epicenter area of M _S=6.2 Zhangbei earthquake on January 10, 1998 are located at the same area, i.e. there appears the “Five areas corresponding” phenomenon. Meanwhile, three times of low pressure evolution are generated and develop in the earthquake area in five days after the occurrence of the earthquake. The abnormal variation of the lower limit of frozen soil layer shows indirectly that unusual warm in earthquake areas are related to the upward thermal conduction from the deeper layer of earth surface.     

Experimental observation on the characteristics of the near-surface turbulence over the Antarctic ice sheets during the polar day period

Based on the ultrasonic anemometer/thermometer data in the East Antarctic coastal area ice sheets ob-tained first by Chinese scientists, turbulent intensity, kinetic energy and sensible heat of turbulence, surface roughness height drag coefficient and normalized variation were calculated and analysed using the eddy-correlation method. The results show that the values of roughness height and drag coefficient are 4.3 X 10 m and 1.8x 10 -³, respectively. These turbulent parameters have apparent diurnal variations. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49675252).     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.     

地理信息系统技术在区域城镇发展用地评价中的应用——以海南省为例

区域城镇发展用地评价是区域经济开发的先行步骤。作者利用地理信息系统的技术,建立地形评价模型、基础设施辐射范围扩散模型、分区多幅图覆盖分析模型等一整套模型,使评价工作较以往更为科学、系统,且省时省力。本文研究了海南省城镇发展用地条件。     

长江口外浮游植物死亡释放溶解有机质的降解及其溶氧消耗

浮游植物光合作用产生的溶解有机质(dissolved organic matter,DOM)是海洋中溶解有机质的重要来源,浮游植物死亡后释放的新鲜溶解有机质活性高、数量大、生物可利用性高,其降解过程中对溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)的消耗显著。但到目前为止,对此类溶解有机质的降解过程以及其耗氧情况还鲜有研究。本文基于2013年8月东海航次,对浮游植物(硅藻为主)死亡后释放的新鲜有机质进行人工受控培养,研究其降解过程及对DO的消耗,并评估该降解过程对低氧现象形成的贡献。研究发现:培养体系中溶解有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)和DO浓度皆随时间呈指数下降,总溶解态碳水化合物(total carbohydrate,TCHO)也出现明显降解;体系的初始DOC浓度越高,降解速率常数k(DOC)、k(DO)越大,k(DOC)受DOC浓度、活性以及DO浓度的影响;培养过程中细菌丰度明显增加,添加Hg Cl2的对比实验表明细菌在降解过程中起到重要作用。本文的研究结果表明,浮游植物死亡后释放的溶解有机质的快速降解及其对溶解氧的消耗,对长江口低氧环境的促成具有重要意义。