Quasi-waveform seismic tomography of crustal structures in the capital circle region of China

Seismic tomography is one of the main tools to explore the interior of the earth.In this study,the quasi-waveform seismic tomographic method is used for the first time to reveal the crustal structures in the capital region of China.3-D highresolution V_P,V_S and the Poisson’s ratio models are generated by inverting 29839 direct P-and 29972 direct S-wave traveltimes selected from 3231 local earthquakes.The results reveal strong crustal heterogeneities.The velocity anomalies at shallow depths are well consistent with surface geologic structures.The relatively low-velocity anomaly layer in the middle crust may be the result of multiple phases of tectonic activity.Earthquakes generally occurred on the boundaries of high-and low-velocity and Poisson’s ratio anomalies.There are obvious low-velocity anomalies below the hypocenters of the Tangshan earthquake and the historical Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake,implying the existence of fluids.The similar velocity structures around the hypocenters of the two earthquakes indicate that the occurrences of the two earthquakes may be related to the same mechanism.The highresolution velocity models provide important observational constraints on the small-scale heterogeneities and dynamic mechanism of the crust in the capital region of China.     

大型商场地震应急演练的组织与经验

介绍了新疆昌吉市汇嘉、隆源、飞马3家大型商场开展地震避险疏散演练的组织策划、培训、内容及流程等情况,探讨了大型商场开展应急演练的经验和存在的问题,指出了大型商场存在的地震安全风险和相应的改进措施,以及对今后演练的意见和建议。     

安徽省旅游政策变迁及其空间 n.响应研究

借助于经济学供给需求分析视角,构建旅游政策变迁及其空间响应的理论框架,根据新制度经济学路径依赖理论和利益集团理论,探寻旅游政策变迁的路径和动因,揭示旅游政策变迁和旅游空间结构发展演化的内在联系。并以安徽省为例,根据改革开放之后安徽省旅游业发展的不同阶段,将旅游政策变迁划分为形成期、密集期和协调融合期3个时期,其空间响应状态分别为点状格局、单一板块格局和多板块空间格局。分析得出,在中国经济体制转轨的背景下,旅游发展由政府主导型向市场主导型转变,旅游政策在不同时期通过其作用机制引导、激励利益主体投资建设旅游节点、交通设施等行为,推动旅游空间格局由点状格局向板块格局发展演化,旅游政策的空间响应强度取决于政府对信息的掌握程度和政策对利益主体的激励程度。     

Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the giant panda nature reserves in China

The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2008 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi provinces in China. Reports from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas were heavily damaged. Our estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field survey. A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda habitats. By using visual interpretation methods, we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature reserves. Research results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g., landscape fragmentation increased significantly). Undoubtedly, the life of the giant pandas there was affected. However, although the earthquake caused certain impacts on the giant pandas, it did not really threat their survival. Even so, we still strongly advocate for protection of the giant pandas, and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas.     

长江三角洲及其邻近地区的现代地壳垂直运动

本文根据50－80年代复测的精密水准成果，分析了长江三角洲及其邻近地区的地壳垂直运动,并与沿海海面变化在同一均衡基准下进行比较。本区近代地壳垂直运动受区域构造控制，形变速度不高，变化平缓，区内海岸带以下降为主。     

扬子克拉通西缘1.73Ga非造山型花岗斑岩的发现及其地质意义

首次发现扬子克拉通西缘古元古代晚期海孜斜长花岗斑岩岩体.本文报道了其锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄,为1730±15Ma(MSWD=4.0,n=15).岩石具有高SiO2(69.77％～73.83％)、高碱(ALK=5.46～6.65)、低钾(K2O/Na2O=0.02～0.14)含量.里特曼指数1.04～1.65,A/CNK值为1.11～1.25,平均值为1.18(＞1.1),10000 Ga/Al=3.96～7.34(均值为5.18＞2.6),较高的含铁指数[FeO/(FeO+MgO) =0.95～0.99],总体显示了低钾钙碱性过铝质(SP)铁质A型花岗岩的特点.岩石富集Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf等高场强元素,强烈亏损K、Sr和Ba等大离子亲石元素,稀土元素总量∑REE=390.70×10-6～674.91×10-6,LREE/HREE=1.74～3.29(均值2.18),轻稀土分异作用明显,相对富集,表现出强烈的负Eu异常.地球化学特征显示,海孜花岗斑岩岩体为形成于板内伸展构造环境,可能与同期基性岩浆活动的底侵作用相关.海孜花岗岩的年龄和地球化学表明,扬子克拉通西缘存在古元古代晚期与全球性Columbia超级大陆裂解同期的双峰式岩浆岩组合.     

iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) gonad exposed to BDE-47

A recent study demonstrated that 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) may have an adverse effect on the reproduction in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the protein expression profiles of male and female gonads of O. melastigma exposed to dietary BDE-47 at two dosages (0.65 and 1.30 μg/g/day, respectively) for 21 days. Extracted proteins were labeled with iTRAQ and analyzed on a MALDI TOF/TOF analyzer, as results, 133 and 144 unique proteins were identified in testis and ovary, respective, and they exerted dose- and sex-dependent expression patterns. In testis, among the 42 differentially expressed proteins; down-regulation of histone variants and parvalbumins implicated BDE-47 may disrupt the spermatogenesis and induce sterility in fishes. In ovary, 38 proteins were differentially expressed; the elevation of vitellogenins and apolipoprotein A–I expression indicated BDE-47 acts as an estrogen-mimicking compound and led to reproductive impairment in O. melastigma.     

Theory of quadrupolar sunspots and the active region of August, 1972

Energy is stored when the force-free magnetic field in an active region departs from a potential field, the departure showing up as a shear in the field. As soon as the field untwists, energy will be released to produce flares. Based on this idea, we derived an analytical solution of the equation of force-free field under the assumption of a constant force-free factor, and found expressions for seven important quantities for quadrupolar sunspots: the magnetic energy of the twisted field, that of potential field, the extractable free energy ΔM, the magnetic flux, the total current, the force-free factor and the field decay factor, in terms of three observables: the field intensity, the twist angle and the distance between two spots of the same polarity. The expression for ΔM can be useful in solar prediction work. For the active region of August, 1972, we found ΔM up to 6 × 10³² erg, sufficient to supply the energy of the observed flare activity. Observations of this active region are in good general agreement with our theoretical expectations: in the entire twisting of the quadrupolar sunspot group, each spot assumes the form of a complete spiral in the clockwise direction for each of the four spots.     

潍坊市土地整治规划环境影响评价

从选取评价土地整治规划环境影响评价指标体系的原则入手,构建了2大方面、6大因素共计17项具体指标量化环境影响,通过综合分值来确定土地整治规划的实施对环境的具体影响,为整治规划的实施以及环境的保护提供参考。     

大别山南北缘中—新元古代火山岩系列、类型、组合及意义

大别深变质基底杂岩外缘中—新元古代双峰式火山岩系,均以钙碱性系列为主,少量的拉斑玄武岩系列和碱性玄武岩系列,但南缘出现少量的钾玄岩系列。南、北缘火山岩系的主要岩石组合种属也基本相同。南缘火山岩稍复杂一点,除玄武岩类、玄武安山岩、流纹岩外,还有少量英安岩,以及很少量钾玄岩系列的夏威夷岩和橄榄粗安岩,这是本区新发现的火山岩类型。