Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of the Three‐Period Porphyries from the Daruoluolong Cu (Au) Deposit,Tibet, China

正Objective The Daruoluolong deposit is the first high-grade Cu(Au)deposit discovered in the middle section of the Bangonghu-Nujiang(herein after referred to as Ban-Nu)metallogenic belt,which has not been documented about previously.This deposit is located in Shuanghu County of northern Tibet,and its geotectonic position belongs to the     

Residual-state creep of clastic soil in a reactivated slow-moving landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,China

We study the creep properties of clastic soil in residual state. The intact samples are taken from a reactivated slow-moving landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. Firstly, the patterns of the landslide movement are analysed based on recent monitoring data, which indicate that the soil within the shear zone is undergoing two deformation processes: a creep phase, characterised by different creep rates, and a dormant phase. We then study the creep behaviour of the soil samples through a series of ring shear creep tests under various shear stress conditions. The creep response depends strongly on the ratio of the shear stress to the residual strength, and the normal effective stress, whereas the creep rate decreases due to strength regain. The long-term strength of the clastic soil is close to the residual strength. Therefore, the residual strength obtained from conventional shear test, which is less time consuming than creep test, can be used in long-term stability analyses of creeping landslides.     

Numerical simulation of lifetime and time-dependent damage for granite by continuous and discontinuous approaches

In this study, the time-dependent damage process of granite is investigated utilizing two numerical simulation schemes based on continuous method and discontinuous method. Numerical creep tests are carried out with both simulation schemes and mechanical responses and fracture patterns of rock specimens are analyzed. The calibrated numerical models can successfully reflect the typical creep stages observed in the laboratory. The predicted lifetime is in accordance with the laboratory test data. Comparisons are made between the two simulation schemes. It is found that both schemes have unique features that can promote a genuine reflection of the time-dependent damage process of the brittle rocks.     

An insight into the surface velocity of Inylchek Glacier and its effect on Lake Merzbacher during 2006–2016 with Landsat time-series imagery

Mountain glacier is one of the extremely sensitive indicators for climate change, and its surface motion distribution and corresponding variation are valuable information for understanding ice mass exchange and glacier dynamics. This paper presents the long-term ice velocity distributions of Inylchek Glacier in the Tianshan region by pixel-tracking algorithm with time-series Landsat imagery acquired during 2006–2016. Then the monitored ice motion fields of Inylchek Glacier were carefully analyzed and revealed a generally similar spatial distribution characteristic. Most of the ice of the North Inylchek Glacier remains in a stagnant state except for the upstream part, but a relatively high velocity of 20–40 cm/day with an RMSE of 3 cm/day was observed on most part of the South Inylchek Glacier, except for the slow-moving glacier terminus. We also state the glacier dynamics around Lake Merzbacher and their possible effect on its glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) risk. Besides, the surface velocity distribution on South Inylchek Glacier surface during the ablation period from 2014 to 2016 was also established and also compared with annual velocity. The corresponding difference yields that there is a positive relation between ice motion and temperature variation. Therefore, the time-series ice surface motion yielded by the Landsat imagery thus could provide us an efficient and low-cost way to analyze the current state and changes in glaciers, thanks to the continuous and regular spaceborne observations provided by the Landsat satellites.     

Carbonate formation mechanism in paleosol sediments of the Bohai Sea coastal zone,China

The Bohai Sea coastal zone of China consists of the Pacific Ocean to the east and Eurasia to the west; hence, this region is influenced by both the ocean and continental landmasses. The carbonate formation mechanism of eolian sediment within this area is poorly understood. The loess-paleosol sediments of the Miaodao stratigraphical section (MDS) contain a record of carbonate changes in this region during the last interglacial period. New insights into regional carbonate formation mechanisms since the last interglacial period were obtained by analyzing the ages of various sedimentary facies in combination with proxy paleoclimatic indices (including average grain size, standard deviation, CaCO₃ content, and clay minerals), as well as via foraminiferal analysis. The results led to three principal findings: (1) The carbonate content change in the MDS was neither controlled by grain size nor affected by minerals. The carbonate change controlled by precipitate leaching in the Loess Plateau region cannot explain the eolian sediments within the Bohai Sea coastal zone. (2) Various subsections contain obvious carbonate content changes caused by foraminiferal deposits atop the eolian sediments, which were deposited by storm surges during a high sea-level period. This increased the carbonate content in the eolian sediments and restricted the carbonate content in the Bohai Sea coastal zone. (3) Newly detected foraminifera of the last interglacial period on the eolian sediment of the MDS were the main source of carbonate content, providing a new understanding of the carbonate formation mechanism in eolian sediments different from that of the Loess Plateau.     

蚌埠隆起老山片麻状二长花岗岩的成岩与变质特征及其地质意义

蚌埠隆起是华北地块上中生代地质研究的一个十分难得的地质单元,它映现了中国东部最重要的两次构造运动(印支运动和燕山运动)所引起的岩浆作用和变质作用,其中,老山片麻状二长花岗岩就是一个代表性产物。该花岗岩的岩相学、地球化学以及锆石学的系统研究显示,它具有两个不同的岩石学特征:①它的斜长石斑晶的牌号(An_(14～18))、相对低硅高钙的主量元素、富Ba、Sr和贫Rb及无Eu负异常的微量元素等特征,以及它所含的岩浆锆石({211}锥面发育、较强的CL亮度及韵律环带构造、包含残核、正常的Hf含量)的U-Pb年龄(223.1 Ma)和ε_(Hf)(t)值(平均值为-14.2),表明它应该是印支运动的同造山花岗岩;②它的片麻状构造(斑晶矿物压扁拉长、各种交代—熔蚀结构)和变质结晶锆石({101}锥面发育、较弱的CL亮度、较高的Hf含量)的U-Pb年龄(156.2 Ma)和ε_(Hf)(t)值(平均值为-17.8),说明它在燕山运动中遭受了同造山变质作用。因此,老山片麻状二长花岗岩的存在,一方面使得大别造山带作为印支期陆陆碰撞造山带的岩石学记录完整,同时也制约了华南与华北两大板块之间碰撞挤压作用峰期的准确时间;另一方面,对燕山运动的起始时间(约170 Ma左右)和挤压高峰出现的时间(155±3 Ma)作出了合理的推断。这两方面的研究结果对于深入了解中国东部中生代的构造演化、岩石类型、成矿作用的现象及其机制具有深远的意义。     

Two Phases of Mineralization in the Dabaoshan Polymetallic Deposit,Guangdong Province: Constraints from Re-Os Geochronology of Black Carbonaceous Mudstone and MolybdeniteEI北大核心CSCD

The Dabaoshan polymetallic deposit is a polygenetic composite ore deposit located at south of the Qinhang (Qinzhou-Hangzhou) Metallogenic Belt, which is composed mainly of SEDEX type Cu-Pb-Zn and porphyry-skarn type W-Mo orebodies. Systematic field study shows that the W-Mo mineralization exhibits as quartz-vein type and skarn type orebodies around the granodioritic porphyry, or superimposes on the SEDEX type Cu-Pb-Zn orebody, while the Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization occurs mainly in the Qiziqiao Formation as stratiform-substratiform type and breccia type orebodies with typical SEDEX-type characteristics. Re-Os dating of five molybdenite separates from porphyry-skarn type W-Mo orebodies yielded isochron ages of 163.6±1.0 Ma (MSWD=0.58), which represents the age of W-Mo mineralization. Re-Os dating of seven black carbonaceous mudstone samples from a Cu-Pb-Zn orebody yielded isochron age of 387.6±9.9 Ma (MSWD=56), which is interpreted to be the age of SEDEX-type Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization. These ages indicate that there are at least two stages of ore mineralization in the Dabaoshan polymetallic deposit. The W-Mo mineralization is related to the Yanshanian intermediated-acidic intrusions, while the stratiform-substratiform SEDEX-type Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization is associated with the Hercynian seafloor hydrothermal activities. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.     

Spatio-temporal Distribution of Three Kinds of Flash Droughts over Agricultural Land in China from 1983 to 2015

At present, flash drought occurs globally and regionally and causes a lot of socio-economic loss in a very short time. Therefore, flash drought has been regarded as one of the hottest issues in drought research. However, flash drought monitoring, prediction and decision-making have encountered a lot of challenges due to its multiple driven factors and complex spatio-temporal process. Aiming at this problem, this paper focused on the agricultural land in China, and analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution of three kinds of flash droughts (i.e., precipitation-deficit, high-temperature, and composite flash droughts) from 1983 to 2015. We studied the occurrences, duration, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, and trend of all three kinds of flash droughts. Our results demonstrated that, the occurrences of flash drought agricultural land in China increased year by year, among which high-temperature flash drought increased dramatically; duration of flash droughts had different trends, but the variations were relatively smooth; Northeast China was identified as a vulnerable area of flash drought, indicating more flash drought events and longer duration; flash droughts in China were found to concentrate in spring (high-temperature drought) and summer seasons (precipitation-deficit drought). This study is helpful for building new flash drought monitoring method and system, and it is also valuable for flash drought preparedness on regional scale.     

新时代地热行业发展特点及几点思考

当前,中国特色社会主义进入了新时代,社会各项建设取得重大成就,地热产业也发展壮大。在大力倡导生态文明建设、推进绿色发展、提升环境保护、推进资源的节约和循环利用的社会发展形势下,一些重要规划和政策的实施、一批重点区域和重大项目的建设、大量地热能开发利用新技术的推广,又给地热产业带来了新的发展契机。不同形式、不同利用方式的地热能都将迎来更广阔的市场、更高的产业增长态势。为顺应新时代行业发展,地热产业应抓住机遇,迎接挑战,创新突破,成就未来。本文将从上位决策、项目建设、技术创新、管理等方面,分析当下地热行业发展的形势、特点和存在的问题,提出相关建议,以共同探讨,相互借鉴。