2016年门源6.4级地震地磁谐波振幅比异常特征分析

2016年门源6.4级地震为甘—青地区孤立地震事件,且震中附近地磁台站分布均匀,分析总结此次地震前后地磁谐波振幅比变化特征。结果显示：①地震发生前后,震中附近台站地磁谐波振幅比下降—转折—恢复的异常变化过程,持续时间约1—2年;②震中距较小的台站记录显示,地震基本发生在谐波振幅比曲线转折恢复的变化后期阶段,且异常持续时间长;震中距较大的台站记录显示,地震一般发生在曲线趋势性下降—转折阶段,且异常持续时间稍短;③地震发生后,距震中较近的台站1年内Y_ZHx（NS）和Y_ZHy（WE）方向所有或大部分周期基本趋于恢复状态,且同步变化;距震中较远的台站1年内Y_ZHx（NS）和Y_ZHy（WE）方向大部分周期未达到恢复状态,且不同步变化显著。     

公民科学素质视角下的防震减灾科普研究——以日本和美国为例

防震减灾科普教育是提升公民防震减灾科学素质的重要途经。日本和美国是在防震减灾科普教育方面走在世界前列的国家。本文通过研究日本和美国关于公民防震减灾科学素质建设文献资料,分类归纳日本和美国公民防震减灾科学素质建设的历史背景、发展特点及主要路径,由此对我国公民防震减灾科学素质建设提出思考和建议。     

都兰地震台地电场数据变化特征分析

介绍了都兰地震台地电场观测的基本情况,选取2014-2017年的观测数据,对地电场观测中遇到的干扰进行调研分析。结果表明,在日常观测中,都兰地震台地电场观测资料可以真实的反映地下介质变化,干扰源也可以通过数据不同变化形态、幅度快速进行判断,并提出相应的措施,为地震预报做好基础工作。     

Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects

The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective.     

Major dry mergers in early-type brightest cluster galaxies

We search for ongoing major dry mergers in a well-selected sample of local brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) from the C4 cluster catalogue. 18 out of 515 early-type BCGs with redshift between 0.03 and 0.12 are found to be in major dry mergers, which are selected as pairs (or triples) with r -band magnitude difference  δ m _r < 1.5  and projected separation   r _p < 30 kpc  , and showing signatures of interaction in the form of significant asymmetry in residual images. We find that the fraction of BCGs in major dry mergers increases with the richness of the clusters, consistent with the fact that richer clusters usually have more massive (or luminous) BCGs. We estimate that present-day early-type BCGs may have experienced on average  ∼0.6 ( t _merge/0.3 Gyr)⁻¹  major dry mergers and through this process increases their luminosity (mass) by 15 per cent  ( t _merge/0.3 Gyr)⁻¹ ( f _mass/0.5)  on average since   z = 0.7  , where t _merge is the merging time-scale and f _mass is the mean mass fraction of companion galaxies added to the central ones. We also find that major dry mergers do not seem to elevate radio activities in BCGs. Our study shows that major dry mergers involving BCGs in clusters of galaxies are not rare in the local Universe, and they are an important channel for the formation and evolution of BCGs.     

交易型展览创新功能的理论研究动向

传统观点认为交易型展览只有商品销售、国际贸易和市场营销功能。在互联网时代,这些功能在一定程度上受到电子商务的挑战。事实上,现代展览还可能具有政治、外交、教育、娱乐和创新等功能。对国内外相关文献进行分析,发现：有关交易型展览创新功能的研究文献主要涉及营销学和经济地理学,而不是旅游学。其中,营销学学者和经济地理学学者分别将展览视为临时市场和临时集群,并从多角度进行了研究。虽然营销学学者和经济地理学学者各自特别重视展览现场的信息沟通和知识转移对企业创新的影响,但都认为国际展览比国家和区域型展览具有更高的创新价值,并且参展者之间的关系建设是信息沟通和知识转移的重要前提。20世纪以来,两大学科学者（特别是国外学者）对交易型展览创新功能的研究日益增加。这些研究集中于解释展览的创新功能和探索展览创新功能发挥的机制。对主要研究成果从营销学和经济地理学两个角度按出版时间顺序进行了回顾,根据研究者的研究对象和建议提出了未来研究的四个主要方向：（1）重视展览类型对创新类型或阶段的影响;（2）展览溢出效应对企业创新的负面效应;（3）展览与其他会展活动的协同创新机制;（4）展览对城市产业和社会创新的贡献。     

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of Lily-type lectin (SmLTL) in turbot Scophthalmus maximus,and its response to Vibrio anguillarum

A full-length lily-type lectin(Sm LTL) was identified from turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) in this study. By searching database for protein identification and function prediction, Sm LTL were confirmed. The full-length c DNA of Sm LTL is composed of 569 bp and contains a 339 bp ORF that encodes 112 amino acid residues. The Sm LTL peptide is characterized by a specific β-prism architecture and contains three mannose binding sites in a three-fold internal repeat between amino acids 30–99; two of the repeats share the classical mannose binding domain(Qx Dx Nx Vx Y) while the third binding site was similar to other fish-specific binding motifs(Tx Tx Gx Rx V). The primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of Sm LTL were predicted and analyzed, indicating that the S m LTL protein was hydrophilic, contained 5.36% α-helices, 39.29% extended strands, 16.07% β-folds, and 39.29% random coils, and three β-folds. Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) analysis revealed that the Sm LTL mRNA was abundantly expressed in skin, gill, and intestine. Low levels of Sm LTL expression were observed in other tissues. The expression of Sm LTL in gill, skin and intestine increased at m RNA level after stimulation of V ibrio anguillarum, our results suggest that Sm LTL serve as the first line of defence against microbial infections and play a pivotal role in the innate mucosal immune system. The current study indicates that Sm LTL is a member of the lilytype lectin family and the information reported here will provide an important foundation for future research on the role of this protein.     

地下水变化对太原台水准形变异常的影响研究

根据观测系统的检查、测区观测环境调查、辅助资料等变化对太原台水准异常变化的影响进行分析认为,该台观测资料可信,但存在地下水位变化的影响。对井区附近同层抽水井开采情况调查表明,太原台水准2009年以来的反向上升与附近小煤窑关闭、采水减少、水位回升有关。     

江苏中部海岸西洋潮流通道区域晚更新世古地貌与沉积体系研究

南黄海曾是长江和黄河两大河流输送的陆源沉积物重要的汇,其沉积记录含有河流演化的丰富信息。江苏海岸中部、南黄海西侧、辐射沙脊群西北的西洋潮流通道及其邻区受到古黄河与古长江的交互影响,其古地貌与沉积地层等研究尚显不足。利用该区多次采集获得的长约380 km的浅层地震剖面数据,结合钻孔资料,分析了西洋浅部地震层序,探讨了其沉积环境特征。研究结果表明,西洋潮流通道区域在平均海面以下33~49 m处,存在一个强振幅、中频率、高连续性的区域性反射界面,与对比钻孔中滨岸沼泽沉积的顶面相对应,代表一个不整合的古地貌面;该界面深度的空间插值结果反演的古地貌面与下伏的沟槽状切割-充填反射结构,揭示了数条沿NE方向延伸的古水道,并集中分布于古地貌面北部相对低洼的区域,为南黄海内陆架晚更新世某古水系的一部分;该古地貌面系末次冰消期的海侵冲刷面,其上覆是全新世滨浅海沉积,下伏是晚更新世末期的洪泛平原或滨岸沼泽或充填下切古河道或古潮道等沉积。对该区域性反射界面的深入研究有助于弄清南黄海西部晚更新世以来的沉积体系演化历史,提升对辐射沙脊群形成演化的认识。     

IPCC耦合模式对北太平洋海-气系统冬季重现的模拟

冬季重现(再现)是中高纬度大尺度海表温度重要的持续性特征,是热带外海洋特有的现象。北太平洋大气环流也存在这一现象,它可能会强迫产生这一海域海温的冬季重现。本文利用IPCC 20C3M耦合模式资料,评估了耦合模式模拟北太平洋海–气系统冬季重现的能力。北太平洋海温冬季重现的空间范围是海盆尺度的,中部重现时间比其周围晚。大气环流场的冬季重现主要是在北太平洋中部,它与海温冬季重现关系密切。大多数IPCC耦合模式基本上可以模拟出太平洋海温大范围的冬季重现现象。与重现范围的模拟相比,耦合模式对重现时间地理差异的模拟都比较差。各模式对大气环流冬季重现时空分布特征的模拟较差,大部分模式未能模拟出大气环流场中主要的重现区域。而且,大气环流冬季重现对海温重现的可能影响并没有体现在这些耦合模式中。耦合模式对北太平洋大气冬季重现的模拟还有待改善。