基于Erdas2013的Pleiades卫星影像区域网平差设计与实现

介绍了Pleiades卫星影像数据及基于Erdas 2013的Pleiades卫星影像应用的可行性和区域网平差技术,为该卫星影像应用于相关测绘工程提供了技术依据。     

三维航标监测与管理系统的设计与实现

设计了三维航标监测与管理系统的整体框架和功能结构,研究了其涉及的若干关键技术,开发实现了系统功能.     

利用Geoway ImageStation和SQL Server进行正射影像生产的若干问题思考

首先介绍Geoway ImageStation和SQL Server相结合的新型正射影像生产模式的产生背景,通过对全国第二次土地调查底图生产项目中正射影像制作过程中遇到的若干问题进行阐述,以及对正射影像产品质量进行分析,说明此种生产模式的优势和可行性.     

Facies and palaeosol analysis in a progradational distributive fluvial system from the Campanian–Maastrichtian Bauru Group,Brazil

The Upper Cretaceous Bauru Group in south‐east Brazil consists of alluvial strata whose characteristics and distribution indicate a fluvial system developed in a semi‐arid to arid climate. Sections exposed within a 90 000 km² study area in Minas Gerais State (in south‐eastern Brazil) were evaluated using facies and palaeosol analysis to formulate depositional and pedogenic models that may account for geomorphic and climate features. From east to west, the study succession records a gradual decrease in grain size, an increase in the width/thickness ratio in channels, a decrease in the lateral and vertical connectivity of channel deposits, and an increase in overbank deposits. The fluvial architecture indicates a braided channel belt, ephemeral ribbon–channels, and an unconfined fluvial facies from east to west in the study area. The lateral and vertical distribution of facies, stratigraphic architecture and palaeocurrent data suggest proximal, medial and distal portions of a progradational distributive fluvial system. The sedimentary dynamics were marked by the building and abandonment of channels related to processes of aggradation, vegetation growth and palaeosol generation. Macromorphological and micromorphological analyses have identified pedological and mineralogical features that indicate an arid to semi‐arid climate with a provenance from the north‐eastern part of the basin (Alto Paranaiba Uplift). From the proximal to the distal portions of the distributive fluvial system, the palaeosol development is different. In the proximal portion, the palaeosols are absent or poorly developed, allowing a possible general comparison with the present soil order: Inceptisols and Aridisols. In the medial portion of the fluvial system, the palaeosols are well‐developed and characterized by Bt, Btk, C and Ck horizons (Alfisols, Aridisols, Inceptisols and Entisols). Poorly drained to well‐drained palaeosols from the base to the top in the distal plain (Aridisols and Inceptisols) are associated with geomorphic and hydromorphic changes in the fluvial system due to progradational evolution. The genetic relationship between the fluvial architecture and the palaeosols enhances the understanding that the sedimentation and pedogenesis that occurs in different portions of the distributive fluvial system are related to the tectonic and climatic evolution of the basin.     

Chemo- and Biostratigraphy of the Jurassic Oil Shales from the Qiangtang Basin, Northern Tibet, China: A Case Study of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event

The marine oil shales of the Qiangtang Basin, northern Tibet, exposed in the Biluo Co, Tuonamu, Shenglihe and Changsheshan areas are believed to be important petroleum source rocks. This work comprehensively analyzed the carbon isotopes, trace elements, and calcareous nannofosills, ammonites and bivalves of the Biluo Co section in the Qiangtang Basin. The organic carbon isotopes show a positive excursion close to 2.17‰(relative to PDB), which, albeit significantly smaller, may also be associated with other Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Events(T-OAE) in the European epicontinental seas and the Tethyan continental margins. Coinciding with the Early Toarcian transgression, the oxygen deficiency in bottom water had led to dysoxic-anoxic conditions and deposition of black shales lacking benthic fauna. Under such condition, the redox-sensitive trace metals such as Mo, V, Ni, Cr, and U were enriched, in conjunction with high planktonic productivity of Watznaueriaceae calcareous nannofossils. Comparison of the results with the records of chemo-and biostratigraphy, as well as the palaeogeography during the Early Jurassic suggests that the anoxia linked to the Early Toarcian oceanic anoxic event was mainly caused by the high surface water temperature, sea-level rise and an increase of surface water productivity.     

藏西北革吉县雄巴乡场镇冻土灾害特征及防治措施

近年来,藏西北革吉县雄巴乡场镇内的冻土灾害日趋严重,研究该区冻土灾害的特征、成因及危害,对制定相应的防灾减灾政策具有重要意义.从基本特征、成因条件、风险性及防治措施等方面对雄巴乡场镇的冻土灾害开展了综合研究,认为加剧该区冻土灾害的主要原因是全球气候变暖导致的降雨量增加和气温升高,使场镇内透水性差、不均匀分布的土体含水率...     

内蒙古赤峰南窝铺铀矿床英安岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

南窝铺铀矿床位于西拉木伦缝合带以南、康宝—围场—赤峰断裂带（华北北缘断裂带的一部分）以北的白乃庙加里东期岛弧带和华北古板块北缘海西期俯冲—碰撞带,属沽源—红山子铀成矿带北东段红山子—广兴铀成矿亚带的一个铀矿床,铀矿体赋存在额里图组安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩组合中。该组合中的英安岩SHRIMP锆石n(206Pb)/n(238U)加权平均年龄为268.1±2.5 Ma（N=15,MSWD=0. 85）,结合安山质角砾凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为277.1±0.9 Ma,指示额里图组安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩的地质时代属早二叠世（乌拉尔世）—中二叠世（瓜德鲁普世）早期;英安岩SiO2=65. 49%~68.23%,K2O=1.83%~2.56%,Na2O=4.13%~5.01%,(K2O+Na2O)=5.96%~7.47%,K2O/Na2O=0.43~0.59,(FeO+Fe2O3)=3.13%~4.63%,MgO=1.25%~1.79%,在TAS图解上落入亚碱性系列英安岩区,在FAM图解上落入钙碱性系列范围,在SiO2—K2O图解上落入中钾钙碱性系列范围,在Na2O—K2O图解上落入I型花岗岩区;Al2O3=15. 74%~16. 77%,CaO=2. 87%~3. 59%,A/CNK=0. 95~1. 12（平均为1.04,<1.1）,标准矿物刚玉（C）的含量为0~1.74%,平均为0.96%,指示源岩为I型岩浆岩;英安岩稀土元素总量低,富集轻稀土,Eu无明显负异常,ΣREE=76.5×10-6~95.4×10-6,(La/Yb)N=4.97~12.5（平均8.95）,δEu=0.80~1.13（平均0.94）,稀土配分模式为右倾型,与安第斯型钙碱性系列火山岩基本一致。英安岩明显富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Sr等和亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti等,微量元素蛛网图与安第斯型钙碱性系列火山岩的形式一致,在Ce—SiO2、Al2O3—Ga图解上均落入I型花岗岩区,在Ta—Yb、Nb—Y构造环境判别图解上落入火山弧花岗岩区域（VAG）及同碰撞花岗岩（syn- COLG）交界处,在Rb—(Y+Nb)、Rb—(Yb+Ta)构造环境判别图解上落入火山弧花岗岩区域（VAG）,指示英安岩形成于俯冲作用下的岛弧环境。南窝铺铀矿床英安岩地质时代、岩石系列和形成构造环境的确定,不仅证实了早二叠世—中二叠世早期额里图组是红山子—广兴铀成矿亚带一个新的赋矿层位,而且揭示了岛弧型安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩组合也赋存有与火山岩有关的热液型铀矿,为深入开展热液型铀矿成矿理论的研究和进一步扩大铀矿勘查范围提供了新的基础资料。     

Influence of sedimentary setting on the use of magnetic susceptibility: examples from the Devonian of Belgium

Bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements on sedimentological samples from all geological periods have been used widely in the last two decades for correlations and as a proxy for sea‐level variations. This paper explores the link between magnetic susceptibility, depositional setting and environmental parameters. These environmental parameters include distal–proximal transects, microfacies successions and fourth‐order trends on different carbonate platform types (platform, ramp, carbonate mound or atoll) during different Devonian stages (Eifelian, Givetian and Frasnian). Average magnetic susceptibility values over a distal–proximal‐trending facies succession vary markedly with depositional setting. On carbonate platforms, average magnetic susceptibility generally increases towards the top of shallowing‐upward sequences. On a distal–proximal transect, average magnetic susceptibility is intermediate for the deepest facies, decreases for the reef belts and increases to a maximum in the back‐reef zone. In ramps and atolls, magnetic susceptibility trends clearly differ; average magnetic susceptibility generally decreases towards the top of shallowing‐upward sequences and is highest in the deepest facies. The strong relationship between magnetic susceptibility, facies and sequences implies a strong environmental influence. However, the different responses in the different platform types suggest that sea‐level changes leading to variation in detrital input is not the only parameter controlling average magnetic susceptibility values. Other primary or secondary processes also probably influenced magnetic mineral distribution. Primary processes such as carbonate production and water agitation during deposition are probably key factors. When carbonate production is high, the proportion of magnetic minerals is diluted and the magnetic susceptibility signal decreases. High water agitation during deposition will also selectively remove magnetic minerals and will lead to low average magnetic susceptibility values. These parameters explain the lowest values observed on the reef platform, inner ramp and atoll crown, which are all in areas characterized by higher carbonate production and greater water agitation during deposition. The lowest values observed in the lagoon inside the atoll crown can be related to detrital isolation by the atoll crown. However, other parameters such as biogenic magnetite production or diagenesis can also influence the magnetic signal. Diagenesis can change magnetism by creating or destroying magnetic minerals. However, the influence of diagenesis probably is linked strongly to the primary facies (permeability, amount of clay or organic matter) and probably enhanced the primary signal. The complexity of the signal gives rise to correlation problems between different depositional settings. Thus, while magnetic susceptibility has the potential to be an important correlation tool, the results of this investigation indicate that it cannot be used without consideration of sedimentary processes and depositional environments and without strong biostratigraphical control.     

Geothermal structure revealed by curie isothermal surface under Guangdong Province,China

Guangdong Province in Southeast China is noted for its numerous geothermal resources due to tectonic episodes, mainly occurred during the Cretaceous. The surface heat flow and geothermal gradient are the most direct ways to understand the temperature of the Earth. However, geothermal resources are poorly utilized in Guangdong Province due to limited numbers of boreholes and surficial hydrothermal fluids. To improve the understanding of underground temperature distribution in Guangdong Province, we have applied power-density spectral analysis to aeromagnetic anomaly data to calculate the depth of the Curie isothermal surface. Upward continuation is applied and tested to the magnetic data. The calculated Curie isotherm is between 18.5 km and 25 km below surface. The fluctuation in the depth range reflects lateral thermal perturbations in the Guangdong crust. In particular, the eastern, northern, western and coastline areas of the province have a relatively shallow Curie isotherm. By comparing the surface heat flow, geothermal gradient, distribution of Mesozoic granite-volcanic rocks, and natural hot springs, we conclude that during Mesozoic, magmatism exerted great influence on the deep thermal state of Guangdong Province. A shallow Curie isotherm surface, as well as numerous natural hot springs and high heat flow,show clear signatures of shallow heat sources.