有关新疆铜矿找矿勘查的几点启示

近二十年来,新疆铜矿勘查取得了显著成就,也展示了更好的未来,本文根据新疆铜矿的基本成矿规律与分布特征,提出了新疆铜矿找矿的三个主攻类型、三个远景类型及有利于形成铜矿的四片地块,铜矿趋向于集中在板块的结合部位、古生代是新疆铜矿的成矿时期,并就如何进一不开展新疆铜矿的找矿勘查提出了建议。     

关于注水地震研究的几个问题

本文认为注水地震是相当复杂的。将注水只看成诱发因素,或将与注水相关的地震都看成构造地震是片面的。对注水过程的微震研究表明,注水可以直接造成地震。对油田地震的研究表明,大量采油造成地下介质的亏空同样可能造成地震。对其它一些地下矿藏的采掘也有类似的情况。错误地把与注水有关的地震都看成是注水诱发的构造地震,将导致对地壳构造活动特点的错误估计。     

青岛市垃圾卫生填埋场选址问题研究

垃圾卫生填埋法将是青岛市今后若干年内垃圾处理的主要方法，结合青岛市城市发展的规划思路，提出在保护环境，尤其是海洋环境的基础上，应寻找内陆场地进行垃圾卫生填埋。经遴选，小涧一带最有前景，经论证，认为小涧一带从地形地貌、地表水发育，场地取土条件，环境水文地质条件、构造条件及经济条件等各方面均满足选址要求     

大气气溶胶折射率虚部的宽谱反演方法 II.对比实验与应用研究

通过对比观测实验 ,分析了宽谱方法与总辐射 -直射比方法对大气气溶胶折射率虚部的反演结果。对比结果表明 :两种方法对虚部的反演结果分别为 0 0 1 2± 0 0 0 3和 0 0 1 1± 0 0 0 4。另外 ,本文直接利用气象台站的辐射观测资料计算了北京 1 992年的大气气溶胶折射率虚部 ,并分析了北京地区气溶胶的局地辐射气候效应 ,发现北京气溶胶的辐射气候效应在冬季是倾向于加热的 ,而其他季节则倾向于冷却。     

基于控制区间牵引算法的地下施工变形预测

变形是地下结构施工安全状态的重要评价指标。针对数据驱动变形预测方法中地下施工动态影响因素难以量化这一问题,提出了基于控制区间牵引算法的地下施工变形预测模型。以双向长短时记忆网络（Bi-LSTM）对变形监测时间序列进行预测,以数值模拟在关键施工阶段处的结果为牵引点。根据实测值随阶段更新牵引点,并基于注意力机制双向长短时记忆网络（Bi-LSTM-AM）以牵引点修正数据驱动模型在控制区间的预测结果,实现更准确、更智能的地下施工变形预测。设置牵引相对权重,使模型可自适应判断当前合理牵引程度,准确融合了Bi-LSTM与数值模拟的结果。通过相关历史案例与数据,验证了牵引预测模型的有效性。依托西安市西咸新区丰镐三路地下通道上跨地铁1号线自动化监测实例,采用牵引算法预测了地下结构变形。结果表明：在关键施工阶段处,牵引作用改善了数据驱动预测方法存在的滞后问题,各阶段误差平均降低了24.34%;不断优化的牵引点逐渐趋近真值,降低了数值模拟出现偏差时造成的影响。该方法可为地下施工变形预测问题提供新途径。     

Investigation of Curie Point Depth in Sulu Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Belt,Eastern China

The Curie point depth of continental crust can reflect the regional tectonic pattern and geothermal structures. Analysis of magnetism is an efficient way to obtain the Curie point depth on a regional scale. This study systematically investigated the Curie point depth of Sulu (苏鲁) ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt (33°40'N to 36°20'N and 118°E to 120°E, ca. 60 000 km2), eastern China using aeromagnetic data. The results show that the Curie point depth of the Sniu region varies from 18.5 to 27 kin. The shallowest Curie point depth (ca. 18.5 km) is located in Subei (苏北) subsidence, where the estimated temperature gradient value is about 31.35℃/kin, which is comparable with the measured value of 30℃/krn. In addition, a two-dimensional numerical solution of the heat conduction was used to calculate the temperature field to a depth of 30 km along the profile from Tancheng (郯城) to Lianshui (涟水) with a length of 139 km. The steady state model solved using the finite element method shows that the temperature around the Curie point depth is about 585.36℃, which is close to the Curie temperature (580 ℃) of magnetite at atmospheric pressure. These results provide new insights into the tectonic and continuous thermal structures of the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt.     

相干体技术在识别小断层和陷落柱中的应用

相干体技术是利用三维数据体来比较局部地震波形的相似性,相干值较低的点与反射波波形不连续性相关。对相干数据体作水平切片图,可揭示断层、岩性体边缘、陷落柱、不整合等地质现象。以山西省某三维地震数据体为例,利用Geoframe软件计算相关体,借以解决煤田地质勘探中识别小断层和陷落柱等地质问题。     

Improving the SWAT forest module for enhancing water resource projections: A case study in the St. Croix River basin

Insufficiently calibrated forest parameters of the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) may introduce uncertainties to water resource projections in forested watersheds. In this study, we improved SWAT forest parameterization and phosphorus cycling representations to better simulate forest ecosystems in the St. Croix River basin, and we further examined how those improvements affected model projections of streamflow, sediment, and nitrogen export under future climate conditions. Simulations with improved forest parameters substantially reduced model estimates of water, sediment, and nitrogen fluxes relative to those based on default parameters. Differences between improved and default projections can be attributed to the enhanced representation of forest water consumption, nutrient uptake, and protection of soil from erosion. Better representation of forest ecosystems in SWAT contributes to constraining uncertainties in water resource projections. Results of this study highlight the importance of improving SWAT forest ecosystem representations in projecting delivery of water, sediment, and nutrients from land to rivers in response to climate change, particularly for watersheds with large areas of forests. Improved forest parameters and the phosphorus weathering algorithms developed in this study are expected to help enhance future applications of SWAT to investigate hydrological and biogeochemical consequences of climate change.     

海绿石 K-Ar、40Ar/39Ar 年代学研究

海绿石是与沉积岩同时形成的高钾层状硅酸盐自生矿物，其 K-Ar、40Ar/39Ar 年龄存在失真现象。笔者认为，引起年龄失真的主要原因是由于该矿物结构中含有可膨胀层。通过测量可膨胀层含量及中子活化过程中39Ar的丢失率，使可对海绿石常规 K-Ar、40Ar/39Ar 年龄进行校正，得到其年龄校正公式。     

内陆水体藻类叶绿素浓度与反射光谱特征的关系

通过研究内陆水体反射光谱特征与藻类叶绿素浓度之间的关系,建立藻类叶绿素高光谱定量遥感模型。在实验地太湖地区,采用高分辨率地物光谱仪实地测量了湖水在可见光和近红外波段（３００－１１００ｎｍ）的反射光谱曲线,并且同时采样分析叶绿素、总悬浮固体物质浓度等水质参数。研究发现在叶绿素浓度较高时（〉５μｇ／Ｌ）,水体光谱反射比Ｒ７０５ｎｍ／Ｒ６７５ｎｍ、叶绿素在７００ｎｍ附近反射峰的位置等与叶绿素浓度有较好的