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41.
42.
Chlorophyll blooms consistently develop in the oligotrophic NE Pacific in late summer, isolated from land masses and sources of higher chlorophyll waters. These blooms are potentially driven by nitrogen fixation, or by vertically migrating phytoplankton, and a better understanding of their ubiquity could improve our estimate of the global nitrogen fixation rate. Here, global SeaWiFS chlorophyll data from 1997 to 2007 are examined to determine if similar blooms occur in other oligotrophic gyres. Our analysis revealed blooms in five other areas. Two of these are regions where blooms have been previously identified: the SW Pacific and off the southern tip of Madagascar. Previously, unnoticed summer blooms were also identified in the NE and SW Atlantic and in a band along 10°S in the Indian Ocean. There is considerable variation in the intensity and frequency of blooms in the different regions, occurring the least frequently in the Atlantic Ocean. The blooms that develop along 10°S in the Indian Ocean are unique in that they are clearly associated with a hydrographic feature, the 10°S thermocline ridge, which explains the bloom within a conventional upwelling scenario. The environment and timing of the blooms, developing in oligotrophic waters in late summer, are conducive to both nitrogen fixers and vertically migrating phytoplankton, which require a relatively stable water column. However, the specific locations of the chlorophyll blooms generally do not coincide with areas of maximum levels of nitrogen fixation or Trichodesmium. The NE Pacific chlorophyll blooms develop in a region with a very high SiO4/NO3 ratio, where silicate will not be a limiting nutrient for diatoms. The blooms often develop between eddies, wrapping around the periphery of anti-cyclonic features. However, none of the areas where the blooms develop have particularly high eddy kinetic energy, from either a basin-scale or a mesoscale perspective, suggesting that other factors, such as interactions with a front or dynamics associated with the critical latitude, operate in conjunction with the eddy field to produce the observed blooms. 相似文献
43.
Lin He Song Wang Xiao-Jie Xu Roberto Soria Ji-Feng Liu Xiang-Dong Li Yu Bai Zhong-Rui Bai Jin-Cheng Guo Yan-Li Qiu Yong Zhang Ruo-Chuan Xu Ke-Cheng Qian 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(7)
X-ray emission is an important indicator of stellar activity. In this paper, we study stellar Xray activity using the XMM-Newton and LAMOST data for different types of stars. We provide a sample including 1259 X-ray-emitting stars, of which 1090 have accurate stellar parameter estimations. Our sample size is much larger than those used in previous works. We find a bimodal distribution of the X-ray to optical flux ratio(log(fX/fV)) for G and K stars. We interpret that this bimodality is due to two subpopulations with different coronal heating rates. Furthermore, using the full widths at half maxima calculated from Hα and Hβ lines, we show that these stars in the inactive peaks have smaller rotational velocities. This is consistent with the magnetic dynamo theory that presumes stars with low rotational velocities have low levels of stellar activity. We also examine the correlation between log(fX/fV) and luminosity of the excess emission in the Hα line, and find a tight relation between the coronal and chromospheric activity indicators. 相似文献
44.
In situ measurements of stratospheric H2SO4 and HSO3vapors using passive chemical ionization mass spectrometry were made in October 1982 after the eruption of volcano El Chichon. Data were obtained between about 20 and 41 km showing [H2SO4 + HSO3] sum concentrations between about 104 and 2 × 105 cm?3 below 29 km and a steep rise above this altitude. Maximum [H2SO4 + HSO3] values of about 3 × 106 cm?3 are reached above 35 km.Partial [HSO3] concentrations increase above 34 km reaching about around 40 km. From the measurements it is concluded that H2SO4 and probably HSO3photolysis have an important influence above 34 km leading to the observed increase of [HSO3] and a depletion of H2SO4vapor.It also seems that the data support the view of heterogeneous HSO3 removal. If correct, this would imply that stratospheric aerosols are formed primarily from HSO3 rather than H2SO4vapor. 相似文献
45.
以神泉通道和乌坎通道的演变实例说明,河口型与河口湾型通道的形成和演变受径流量或潮流量的制约。而人为作用使径流量或潮流量减小,导致通道地形急剧演变和稳定程序变差。因此必须保持径流来量或纳潮量不变。但对不同类型的通道要作具体分析。 相似文献
46.
台湾海峡金色小沙丁鱼幼鱼索饵群体研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文研究了台湾海峡南部和北部的金色小沙丁鱼当年生幼鱼计数性状和量度性状特征差异,并结合其生物学特性、产卵场、洄游及海区环境特征进行综合分析。结果表明,台湾海峡南部和北部的索饵幼鱼仍属于同一地方种群:闽南-台湾浅滩语地方种群。根据其索饵洄游特点,可分为台湾海峡南部和北部两个索饵群体. 相似文献
47.
研究了花尾胡椒鲷幼鱼的最大摄食量与温度和体重的关系。花尾胡椒鲷幼鱼的最大摄食量与体重呈正相关 ,二者的关系为 :Cmax=1 5 95 .3W0 .6 87(Cmax:最大摄食量 ,J/d ;W :体重 ,g)。最大摄食量随温度的变化情况为 :在实验温度为 2 2~ 2 8℃范围内 ,二者呈正相关 ,超过 2 8℃之后呈负相关。最大摄食率与体重的相关关系为 :Rmax=1 5 0 7.6W-0 .313[(Rmax:最大摄食率 ,J/(d·g) ]。采用回归分析 ,建立了由温度和体重预测该种鱼的最大摄食量和最大摄食率的模型 :Cmax=2 86 790e-0 .90 4ln(T3-77.738T2 1985 .185T -16 42 9.710 ) W0 .6 16 n =1 6 ,r =0 .994Rmax=0 .887e1.2 6 4ln(-T3 78.0 6 1T2 -2 0 0 3.397T 172 36 .5 2 0 ) W-0 .2 83 n =1 6 ,r=0 .978 相似文献
48.
49.
引入计算空气声学领域的选择性滤波同位网格有限差分算法(SFFD法)用于二维地震波数值模拟.SFFD法使用经过优化的11点DRP同位网格差分格式,对空间一阶导数进行离散近似,同时采用选择性滤波方法来消除同位网格差分所产生的格点高频振荡,它既提高了数值模拟的精度, 又保证了求解过程的稳定性.数值实验结果表明,SFFD法能够达到O(Delta;x8, Delta;t4)阶交错网格算法同样的精度,同时该方法还具有很强的适应性,能够应用于存在着强泊松比差异的介质模型中,完整地模拟地震波传播过程中各类型的波场,并且对复杂非均匀介质的适应能力也很好.此外,由于避免了交错网格算法在曲线坐标系和一般各向异性介质的数值模拟时所需进行的复杂的插值运算, SFFD法在这些问题上也有着很好的应用前景. 相似文献
50.
长江天鹅洲故道是长江江豚首个迁地保护区,其中充足而适口的饵料鱼类资源是长江江豚种群健康发展的保障。为此,根据2017年10月—2021年4月对长江天鹅洲故道进行的7次鱼类调查数据,结合禁捕前的历史数据,对其鱼类群落结构演变进行了分析,并针对长江江豚饵料鱼的供应状况对天鹅洲故道内鱼类资源管理提出了建议。调查期间,共采集到鱼类57种,其中,蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)和鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)等大中型鱼类生物量明显增加,而?(Hemiculter leucisculus)和似鳊(Pseudobrama simoni)等小型鱼类生物量呈现下降趋势。鱼类群落优势种逐渐由太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis)、短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)和?等小型鱼类转变为鳙、蒙古鲌和拟尖头鲌(Culter oxycephaloides)等大中型鱼类,尤其是新近出现的拟尖头鲌种群发展迅速。同时,短颌鲚和?等小型鱼类的体重在减小,而鲢、鳙等大中型鱼类规格在持续提高。长江江豚以小... 相似文献