鄂尔多斯盆地东缘含煤地层水动力条件及其控气作用

      鄂尔多斯盆地东缘南北跨度大,含煤地层水动力区域分布规律不明。基于含煤地层含水层分布及孔渗条件、煤层气
井产水量、产出水化学及同位素特征、煤层甲烷浓度等的分析,探讨了区内煤层气生成和富集的水动力条件控制作用。结
果显示,砂岩含水层北部较南部发育,北部孔渗条件好于南部;太原组灰岩含水层在三交-吉县地区最为发育,导致山西
组煤层含气量高于太原组;煤层气井产水量及产出水钙、镁离子含量北部高于南部,煤层含气量与矿化度呈正相关关系。
分析认为,该区含煤地层水动力条件在北部较南部活跃,北部地区的山西组水动力强于太原组,三交-吉县地区太原组水
动力强于山西组 ;在保德以南的中- 高煤阶区,地下水弱径流－滞留带有利于煤层气富集 ;在保德及其以北的中－低煤阶区,
较活跃的水动力条件和良好的封盖条件为次生生物气的生成和富集提供了关键条件。     

市政排水管网节点汇水面积自动化计算的方法和应用

针对排水管网节点汇水面积的自动化计算问题,提出了将排水管网图转化为有向图,首先运用图论中的广度优先搜索算法得到任意指定节点的上游节点,然后计算其上游节点各关联边,最后根据上游节点及其关联边的汇水面积得到该节点总的汇水面积的方法。     

Fermi gamma-ray and multi-wave band emission from TeV active galactic nuclei

Using γ-ray data detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and multi-wave band data for 40 TeV active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we have studied the correlations between flux densities (F _R, F _IR, F _O, F _X and F _γ ) in the radio, infrared, optical, X-ray and γ-ray wave bands. Our results are the following: (1) For TeV HSP BL Lacertae objects (THBLs), there are strong correlations between F _γ and F _R and between F _γ and F _IR in all states (average/high/low); (2) The TeV radio galaxies (TRGs) deviate from the area occupied by THBLs; (3) The TeV flat-spectrum radio quasars (TFSRQs) have much stronger γ-ray emission than THBLs; (4) For THBLs, there are weak correlations between F _γ and F _X in all states as well as between F _γ and F _O in both average and high states, and a strong correlation between F _γ and F _O in the low state; (5) For THBLs, there are strong correlations between F _O and F _R in both low and average states as well as between F _O and F _IR in all states and between F _IR and F _R in all states, but no strong correlations among other bands are found. From these results, we suggest that for THBLs, the synchrotron self-Compton radiation (SSC) is the main mechanism of high energy γ-ray emission and the inverse Compton scattering of circum-nuclear dust is likely to be a important complementary mechanism. Compared with THBLs, TRGs and TFSRQs may have a different origin of high energy γ-ray.     

湖南省主要花岗岩风景地貌及旅游开发价值

花岗岩是湖南省最为发育的一类岩浆岩，由于花岗岩岩性及构造条件的不同，造就了独特的地质地貌景观。本文以南岳衡山、宜章莽山、城步南山、宁远九嶷山、浏阳大围山风景旅游地为例，简述了湖南省几例主要花岗岩风景地貌特色及其旅游开发价值。     

尼玛盆地南部古近系牛堡组沉积特征及其地质意义

对西藏尼玛盆地南部查昂巴古近系牛堡组实测剖面的沉积相研究识别出2种沉积相类型:扇三角洲相与湖泊相.根据沉积物岩性、结构、构造、颜色等特征,扇三角洲相可进一步划分为扇三角洲平原(包括辫状河道与河道间湾2个沉积微相)、扇三角洲前缘(包括水下分流河道与分流间湾2个沉积微相)与前扇三角洲3个沉积亚相;湖泊相可进一步划分为滨湖、...     

Fraction of Cd in oasis soil and its bioavailability to commonly grown crops in Northwest China

Heavy metals in the soil–plant system resulting from mining and wastewater irrigation have greatly threatened human health and sustainable development in Northwest China. This research used pot experiments to study the bioavailability of Cd in irrigated desert soil from the oasis regions and conducted a human health risk assessment of the Cd content in vegetables. The results show that the content of Cd associated with exchangeable and carbonate metal fractionations is not uniform in arid oasis soils cultivated with the commonly grown vegetables. These common growth vegetables are: Cole (Brassica campestris L.), Celery (Apium Graveolens L.) and carrots (Daucus carota L.). The results show that the content of Cd in the edible part of cole was significantly higher than celery and carrots in almost all of the treatments. However, cole can grow normally and keep increasing its biomass at a sustainable rate under the highest concentration of Cd added in the experiment. Cole is not a suitable vegetable to be planted for consumption in arid soil contaminated with Cd, celery planted under lower concentration of Cd will not threaten human health, and carrots are suitable to be planted in arid soil contaminated with Cd even in the highest concentration used in the experiment. According to this conclusion, stricter soil management systems should be implemented to protect arid land soil resources and to protect human health from the toxicity impacts.     

深空探测巡视器视觉导航定位方法研究与地面试验场验证

地外天体表面巡视器就位探测是深空探测研究的重要手段,其自主导航定位能力是任务开展的重要前提。本文主要对视觉导航方法中的视觉同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)方案开展应用研究。介绍了当下经典的视觉SLAM框架,并以具有代表性的ORB-SLAM3算法为例开展研究;分别利用公开数据集、深空探测地面模拟场数据进行试验验证,探索视觉导航定位算法在深空探测场景下的有效性。本文研究为我国后续开展长距离连续巡视任务提供参考。     

综合地球物理勘探方法在安徽范水洼地区金矿找矿中的应用

滁州范水洼地区是皖东重要的铜金矿找矿远景区,微细浸染型金矿是其重要的金矿成矿类型。前人在综合电磁方法解释和推断方面的工作较为薄弱,为了在该区实现找矿突破,在与范水洼矿区主要构造的垂直方向上布设综合物探地质剖面,包括重磁、音频电磁测深、可控源音频大地电磁法和时间域激发极化法,研究结果表明: ①范水洼矿区西侧黄破断裂上部较陡,在深度约500 m处变缓,而后在深度1 500 m处又转变为陡倾; ②矿区深部存在两处较为明显的隐伏断层,倾向南东,倾角70°~75°。两隐伏断层之间可能存在隐伏岩体,该隐伏岩体埋深较浅(400~500 m)。而后在成矿有利部位施工了1个1 500 m的直孔钻探工程,结果表明黄铁矿化强烈的构造角砾岩是该区微细浸染型金矿的主要赋矿位置。但因地层中碳质成分的影响,通过极化率寻找该成矿有利部位效果不佳,宜通过寻找电阻率梯度带,进而推断断裂构造发育的位置,再圈定有利于成矿的构造破碎带。通过结合该区的岩石物性结构、成矿地质特征以及控矿地质条件,解译了矿区深部构造地质特征,明确了找矿有利块段,为下一步金矿找矿工作指明了方向。     

Nitrogen biological cycle characteristics of seepweed (Suaeda salsa) wetland in intertidal zone of Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary

From April 2008 to November 2009,the nitrogen(N) cycle of plantsoil system in seepweed(Suaeda salsa) wetland in the intertidal zone of the Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary was studied.Results showed that soil N had sig-nificant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution,and the net N mineralization rates in topsoil were significantly different in growing season(p < 0.01).The N/P ratio(9.87 ± 1.23) of S.salsa was less than 14,indicating that plant growth was limited by N.The N accumulated in S.salsa litter at all times during decomposition,which was ascribed to the N immobilization by microbes from the environment.Soil organic N was the main N stock of plant-soil system,accounting for 97.35% of the total N stock.The N absorption and utilization coefficients of S.salsa were very low(0.0145 and 0.3844,respectively),while the N cycle coefficient was high(0.7108).The results of the N turnovers among compartments of S.salsa wetland showed that the N uptake amount of aboveground part and root were 7.764 g/m2and 4.332 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation amounts from aboveground part to root and from root to soil were 3.881 g/m2 and 0.626 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation amount from aboveground living body to litter was 3.883 g/m2,the annual N return amount from litter to soil was more than 0.125(-) g/m2(minus represented immobilization),and the net N mineralization amount in topsoil(0-15 cm) in growing season was 1.190 g/m2.The assessment of N biological cycle status of S.salsa wetland indicated that N was a very important limiting factor and the ecosystem was situated in unstable and vulnerable status.The S.salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat,and the N quantitative relationships determined in the compartment model might provide scientific base for us to reveal the special adaptive strategy of S.salsa to the vulnerable habitat in the following studies.     

西藏改则东地区第四纪泥火山的首次发现

青藏高原作为印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞造山的产物,新生代以来构造活动强烈,构造样式和类型复杂,新构造运动成为了研究的热点问题。而南羌塘地区河流、湖泊及其构造阶地、泥火山广泛发育,对研究羌塘地区的新构造和青藏高原隆升问题来说都是得天独厚的优越条件。依托中国地质调查局《改则东四幅1∶5万区域地质调查》项目,在青藏高原羌塘盆地南部改则东益杰错地区首次发现了泥火山,对益杰错地区泥火山的规模、构成以及发育部位进行了调查,并结合高精度遥感影像的分析结果,阐述了泥火山的发育特征,确定了益杰错泥火山是由于地下富含有机质的沉积物受到地壳运动的影响,随高压的气体和水喷出地表所形成,并指出益杰错泥火山的发育指示了新生代以来康托-日俄东断裂依旧活动。